• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.362-371
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a scale for measuring reliability and validity in the field of oriental nursing education. Method: A questionnaire was administered to 495 university nursing students using a convenience sampling method. The period of time for collecting data was from September 2003 to January 2004. Result: The derived outcome tool consisted of 6 factors and 22 inquires on the basis of a conceptual frame of three domains (knowledge, attitude, and skill), As a result of the item analysis, 22 items were selected and the internal consistency alpha coefficient was .767. The value of Cronbach' Alpha of knowledge(factor 1) was .885, attitude(factor2)was .756, and skill (factor 3) was .610. The three factors accounted for $65.110\%$ of the variance in the total scale. Addressing the explanatory variance of each domain Cognitive domain was $22.477\%$, affective domain was $20.543\%$, and psychomotor domain was $17.090\%$. Conclusion: Further studies need to be done to verify educational evaluation and apply our outcomes to oriental nursing education.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.360-369
• /
• 2016

This study attempted to identify the effect of the panel stiffness on the customers' affect, which was not addressed in the research field of affective engineering. For this, this study derived four affects related to the panel stiffness from literature and pre-experiment : hardness, deform consistency, thickness and satisfaction and prepared a questionnaire to evaluate the affects of the panel. In the experiment, 54 adults in the age of 20~50 participated and evaluated the affects of hood, front and rear door for nine full size and luxury sedans by pressing the panels with their hands. As results, participants' affect for the panels were significantly different depending on the force-deflection curves of them, and the subjects' satisfaction of the panels increased as the slope of the curve (stiffness) increases. In addition, it was found that the subjects evaluated the panel with the pressing force up to 14kgf. The findings of the study can be used to increase and control the affective quality of exterior panels on passenger cars.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.419-431
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and establish the psychometric properties of a clinical nursing competency evaluation tool to be utilized by clinical preceptors. Methods: The initial items were identified through in-depth literature review and field interviews based on a hybrid model. Content validation of the items was evaluated through three rounds of content validity testing. Participants were 34 clinical preceptors and 443 nursing students participating in clinical practice. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergence and discriminant validity, internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Results: The final scale consisted of 23 items and four factors, fundamental nursing skills performance, critical thinking skills based on the nursing process, basic nursing knowledge, and professional attitude; these factor explained 69.7% of the total variance. The analysis with multi-trait/multi-item matrix correlation coefficients yielded 100.0% and 95.7 % convergence and discriminant validity, respectively. Cronbach's alpha for the total items was .95. The four subscale model tested by confirmatory factor analysis was satisfactory. Inter-rater reliability ranged from .912 to .967. Conclusion: This scale was found to be a reliable and valid instrument that clinical preceptors can apply for evaluating the clinical nursing competency of nursing students in clinical settings.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.83-101
• /
• 2017

In this study, the added resistances of the large container ship in head and oblique seas are evaluated using a time-domain Rankine panel method. The mean forces and moments are computed by the near-field method, namely, the integration of the second-order pressure directly on the ship surface. Furthermore, a weakly nonlinear approach in which the nonlinear restoring and Froude-Krylov forces on the exact wetted surface of a ship are included in order to examine the effects of amplitudes of waves on ship motions and added resistances. The computation results for various advance speeds and heading angles are validated by comparing with the experimental data, and the validation shows reasonable consistency. Nevertheless, there exist discrepancies between the numerical and experimental results, especially for a shorter wave length, a higher advance speed, and stern quartering seas. Therefore, the accuracies of the linear and weakly nonlinear methods in the evaluation of the mean drift forces and moments are also discussed considering the characteristics of the hull such as the small incline angle of the non-wall-sided stern and the fine geometry around the high-nose bulbous bow.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.11
• /
• pp.910-917
• /
• 2009

We have designed a new structures of Junction Field Effect Transistor(JFET) using SILVACO simulation to improve electrical properties and process reliability. The device structure and process conditions of Si control JFET(Si JFET) were determined to set cut off voltage and drain current(at Vg=0 V) to -0.46 V and $300\;{\mu}A$, respectively. Among many design parameters influencing the performance of the device, the drive-in time of p-type gate is presented most predominant effects. Therefore we newly designed SiGe JFET, in which SiGe layers were placed above and underneath of Si-channel. The presence of SiGe layer could lessen Boron into the n-type Si channel, so that it would be able to enhance the structural consistency of p-n-p junction. The influence of SiGe layer could be explained in conjunction with boron diffusion and corresponding I-V characteristics in comparison with Si-control JFET.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.5-9
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to develop methods of reducing the effect of solar illumination on pixel gray-levels of machine vision for agricultural field use. Two kinds of monochrome CCD cameras with manual and auto-iris lenses were used to take pictures within a range of 15 to 120 klux of solar illumination. A camera having more precise automatic control functions gave much better result. Four kinds of indices using pixel gray-level of the $99\%$ white DRS (diffuse reflectance standard) as a reference were tried to compensate pixel gray-levels of an image for variable illumination. Coefficients of variation of the indices within a range of illumination were used as a criterion for comparison. The study concluded that an index of (A+B)/A, where A is gray-level of the $99\%$ DRS and B is gray-level of the tested material, gave the best consistency in the range of solar illumination.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.329-338
• /
• 2017

A new simple and practical strut-and-tie model (STM) for predicting the shear strength of RC pile caps is proposed in this paper. Two approaches are adopted to take into account the concrete softening effect. In the first approach, a concrete efficiency factor based on compression field theory is employed to determine the effective strength of a concrete strut, assumed to control the shear strength of the whole member. The second adopted Kupfer and Gerstle's biaxial failure criterion of concrete to derive the simple nominal shear strength of pile caps containing the interaction between strut and tie capacity. The validation of these two methods is investigated using 110 RC pile cap test results and other STMs available in the literature. It was found that the failure criterion approach appears to provide more accurate and consistent predictions, and hence is chosen to be the proposed STM. Finally, the predictions of the proposed STM are also compared with those obtained by using seven other STMs from codes of practice and the literature, and were found to give better accuracy and consistency.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2019

This study examined the efficient management of a fire protection system using spatial information, and basic data for the development of related firefighting industry were obtained. To overcome the problems of malfunction and management failure, which are the major issues of fire protection system management, this study analyzed the related laws and regulations on building spatial information of a fire protection system to introduce spatial information to the fire protection system field. For efficient management of the fire protection system, it is necessary to revise the related laws of the fire protection system, such as protection system-related laws including space information technology, and maintain the standardization, effectiveness, and consistency of fire protection system spatial information.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 1987.06a
• /
• pp.89-107
• /
• 1987

For the elucidation of significance of saponin as quality criterion of ginseng ginsenoside content(GC) and ginsenoside pattern similarity(GPS) by simple correlation were investigated in relation to red ginseng quality factors, age, plant part, harvest season, mineral nutrition, soil physical characteristics, growth light and temperature, shading material, growth location, physiological disease and crop stand through survey of ginseng plantstions, field experiments, water culture and phytotron experiments. Effect of tissue culture was also reviewed. GC was negatively correlated with good quality of red ·ginseng and positively with bad quality. Age did not show any consistency with GC but GPS was less with the increase of age difference. GPS was less or not significant between taproot that is lowest in GC and epidermis highest, and significant between leaf and taproot. Harvest season marked with the lowest GC and Pattern was also different. Nutrient imbalance, the increase of hazardous soil nutrient and physical condition to growth increased GC, but GPS was little different. The higher the growth lights intensity and temperature the higher the GC but GPS was little changed. Root rust increased GC, but root scab decreased it. Sponge-like and inside cavity phenomena increased GC. Ginsenoside pattern of cultured tissues and rootlet showed great variation. These results strongly indicate that there are optimum saponin content and ginsenoside pattern and that these are accomplished under the optimum growth condition.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.1167-1187
• /
• 2020

With the development of medical imaging technology, image registration has been widely used in the field of disease diagnosis. The registration between different modal images of brain magnetic resonance (MR) is particularly important for the diagnosis of brain diseases. However, previous registration methods don't take advantage of the prior knowledge of bilateral brain symmetry. Moreover, the difference in gray scale information of different modal images increases the difficulty of registration. In this paper, a multimodal medical image registration method based on image segmentation and symmetric self-similarity is proposed. This method uses modal independent self-similar information and modal consistency information to register images. More particularly, we propose two novel symmetric self-similarity constraint operators to constrain the segmented medical images and convert each modal medical image into a unified modal for multimodal image registration. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the error rate of brain MR multimodal medical image registration with rotation and translation transformations (average 0.43mm and 0.60mm) respectively, whose accuracy is better compared to state-of-the-art image registration methods.