• Title/Summary/Keyword: field efficacy

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A Study on Paid Work and the Interpersonal Relationships of the Poor Elderly: The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy (빈곤노인의 유급노동과 대인관계에 관한 연구: 자기효능감의 매개효과)

  • Kang, Mihee
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.115-123
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate how paid work affects self-efficacy and interpersonal relationships among the poor elderly. In addition, this study analyzes to measure the psychological and social effectiveness that can be obtained through paid work in poor life. This survey was conducted for poor elderly people in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do on the assumption that the quality of paid work would positive affect the interpersonal relationships of the poor elderly, and that the self-efficiency would play a mediating role between the quality of paid work and their interpersonal relations. The final sample of 165 of them was selected and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the quality of paid work was analyzed to have a significant effect on the interpersonal relationship of the poor elderly, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy was also confirmed. Based on the results of these studies, the need for a policy to improve the quality of paid work for the elderly and practical measures to improve the self-efficacy of the elderly in the social welfare field were proposed.

Effectiveness of inactivated hantavirus vaccine on the disease severity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

  • Yi, Yongjin;Park, Hayne;Jung, Jaehun
    • Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.366-372
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    • 2018
  • Background: An inactivated Hantaan virus vaccine (iHV) has been broadly used as a preventive strategy for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) by the South Korean Army. After the vaccination program was initiated, the overall incidence of HFRS cases was reduced in the military population. While there are about 400 HFRS cases annually, few studies have demonstrated the efficacy of the iHV in field settings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the iHV efficacy on HFRS severity. Methods: From 2009 to 2017, HFRS cases were collected in South Korean Army hospitals along with patients' vaccination history. HFRS patients were classified retrospectively into two groups according to vaccination records: no history of iHV vaccination and valid vaccination. Vaccine efficacy on the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) stage and dialysis events were investigated. Results: The effects of the iHV on renal injury severity in between 18 valid vaccinated and 110 non-vaccinated patients were respectively evaluated. In the valid vaccination group, six of the 18 HFRS patients (33.3%) had stage 3 AKI, compared to 60 of the 110 (54.5%) patients in the non-vaccination group. The iHV efficacy against disease progression ($VE_p$) was 58.1% (95% confidence interval, 31.3% to 88.0%). Conclusion: The iHV efficacy against the progression of HFRS failed to demonstrate statistically significant protection. However, different severity profiles were observed between the iHV and non-vaccination groups. Additional studies with larger populations are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the iHV in patients with HFRS.

Effects of Written Information for Coronary Artery Disease Depending on Patients' Health Literacy on Health Behavior Compliance Related Self-efficacy, Knowledge of Disease, Anxiety, and Educational Satisfaction (건강정보 이해능력에 따른 관상동맥질환 관련 서면정보의 제공이 환자의 건강행위 이행에 대한 자기효능감, 질병 지식, 불안, 교육만족도에 미치는 효과)

  • Hwang, Kyoungnam;Won, Hyejeong;Jang, Insun;Lee, Jiyeon
    • Health Communication
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.233-241
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of providing written information for coronary artery disease on health behavior compliance related self-efficacy, knowledge of disease, anxiety, and educational satisfaction depending on patients' health literacy. Methods: The participants in this study were 40 patients who underwent coronary angiography or coronary intervention, and depending on the level of health literacy 30 patients were high group and 10 patients were low group. Each group was evaluated on health behavior compliance related self-efficacy, knowledge of disease, anxiety, and educational satisfaction with providing written information. Results: By providing written information in the group with high health literacy, there was a significant difference in health behavior compliance related self-efficacy, knowledge of disease, but there was no significant difference in anxiety variable. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in health behavior compliance related self-efficacy, knowledge of disease, and anxiety by providing written information in the group with low health literacy. Also, there was no significant difference in the educational satisfaction between high and low group of health literacy after providing written information. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop educational materials that can be applied to clinical nursing field with considering health literacy of patients with coronary artery disease. In addition to providing written information, it is also necessary to develop other educational intervention programs such as video and personalized counseling that may be helpful for coronary patients with low health literacy and investigate their effectiveness.

Effect of Career Counseling and Career Experience on Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy for High School Students (고등학생의 진로상담 교육과 진로체험 교육이 진로결정 자기효능감에 미친 영향)

  • Paik, Ju Kyung;Chun, Jun Hyep
    • Journal of Naturopathy
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.40-51
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction of school career education activities (Career counseling, Career and career experience, Career camp, Entrepreneurship and entreperneurship experience, Field trips, University or major experience, and Creative experience activities) in Jeonju high school and Gunsan high school students (568 students), and then to analyze career decision-making self-efficacy of its goal selection, job information, problem solving, and future plan by high (a), middle (b), and low (c) groups according to satisfaction level. Methods: After the career counseling training, questionnaires were surveyed. Results: Career decision - making self - efficacy was significantly higher in the a group than in the b & c groups by order of a>b>c group in the goal selection, job information, problem-solving and future plan by the educational satisfaction on career counseling, career and career experience, college or major experience, creative experiential activity classes (p<.001). The average satisfaction level of career camp, and entrepreneurship and creative experience class was a> c> b group order. There was not a statistically significant difference between the a, b, and c groups. Average satisfaction of field trip class showed a>c>b group order, and a group was significantly higher than b & c group. Conclusion: The higher satisfaction of career education shows higher self-determination efficacy of goal selection, job information, problem solving and future plan.

Mosquito Control Efficacy of a BtPlus Insecticide and Its Safety Assessment to Aquatic Environment (비티플러스 살충제의 모기 방제 효과 및 환경생물에 대한 안전성 평가)

  • Park, Youngjin;Ryu, Sungmin;Kwon, Bowon;Park, Chan;Kim, Jin;Kim, Yonggyun
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2016
  • BtPlus is a group of biopesticides that are made of Bacillus thuringiensis and immunosuppressant. A new BtPlus that exhibits high insecticidal activity against mosquito larvae has been investigated in control efficacy in field conditions and its environmental safety against aquatic system. This study assessed the control efficacy of BtPlus against mosquito larvae with two different application methods. In aerial spraying application (100 mL per $3.3m^2$), BtPlus was effective at 50% or above formulation concentrations to control mosquito larvae. For a direct application to aqueous mosquito habitat, a semi-field mimicking paddy rice field was constructed. In this condition, BtPlus showed 80% and 100% control efficacies at 0.1% and 0.2% concentrations, respectively. BtPlus also showed 40% mortality against adults at 0.1% concentration in 10% sugar bait. However, its control efficacies against adults were much less than against larvae. Safety assessment of BtPlus against ecosystem was evaluated using young carp (Cyprinus carpio), a water flea (Daphnia magna), and a honey bee (Apis mellifera). BtPlus did not give any adverse effects on these nontarget organisms. Based on these results, BtPlus can be applied to control mosquitoes by direct aqueous application to paddy rice field.

Analyzing instructors' intention to accept digital revolution technology-related education in beauty care (뷰티케어분야에 있어서 디지털 혁명 기술 관련 교육에 대한 교수자의 수용 의도 분석)

  • Mi-Yun Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.412-424
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze how independent variables such as instructors' willingness to innovate, subjective norms, and self-efficacy affect technology acceptance intention through parameters such as ease of use and usefulness, and in what ways, and to suggest ways to revitalize new technology-related education in the beauty field. The results of the analysis of beauty major instructors' intention to adopt digital new technologies showed that innovation intention, subjective norms, and self-efficacy toward new technologies have a defining influence on the parameters of ease and usefulness. These results can be interpreted as a strong recognition of the need to apply new technologies in the beauty field and the need to improve the curriculum for this purpose, but the instructors' own fear of applying new technologies makes it difficult to apply new curriculum in reality. Therefore, the development of teaching materials related to digital technology education that can be easily understood by beauty instructors should be prioritized, and the development and use of related education programs should be expanded. In addition, we are confident that close collaboration with digital new technology and IT-related departments to understand the education of beauty majors and mutual research to develop education programs will help to develop digital new technology education programs tailored to the beauty field.

The Structural Relationships between Control Types over Salespeople, Their Responses, and Job Satisfaction - Mediating Roles of Role Clarity and Self-Efficacy - (영업사원에 대한 통제유형, 반응, 그리고 직무만족 간의 구조적 관계 - 역할명확성과 자기효능감의 매개효과 -)

  • Yoo, Dong-Keun;Lim, Jong-Koo;Lim, Ji-Hoon
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.23-49
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    • 2007
  • Salespeople act at the point of MOT with customers and deliver the enterprise's message to the customers. They build up relationships with customers as well as deliver the customer's message to the enterprise. The salespeople's activity at the point of MOT with the customers and the degree of satisfaction of the customers' needs will affect the customers' attitude toward the enterprise, brand loyalty, and retention intention. Ultimately, it will influence the enterprise's financial performance. The control of salespe1ople is one of the most interesting topics of marketing. This research investigates the relationships of the control types over salespeople(positive/negative outcome control, positive/negative behavior control) and job satisfaction and their mediating variables. The mediating variables in the relationships have been identified as outcome/behavior-related role clarity and self-efficacy. The purpose of this study is more specifically as follows: First, it investigate how the perception of salespeople control types affect role-clarity. Second, it examines how the perception of salespeople control types influence self-efficacy. Third, it investigate the mediating role of role-clarity between the perception of salespeople control types and self-efficacy. Fourth, it investigates how role-clarity affect self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Finally, it will investigates how self-efficacy influences job satisfaction. Data were collected from the pharmaceutical industry salespeople and analyzed by SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 6.0. The data were collected by 400 respondents and 377 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The results are summarized as follows: First, positive/negative outcome controls had a positive relationship with outcome-related role clarity. Also positive behavior control had a positive effect on behavior-related role clarity, but negative behavior control didn't influence behavior-related role clarity. Second, positive outcome control influenced self-efficacy positively, but positive behavior control didn't have a positive effect on self-efficacy. In addition negative outcome control and negative behavior control had a positive effect on self-efficacy due to the mediating role of outcome-related and behavior-related role clarity. Third, outcome-related role clarity and behavior-related role clarity influenced self-efficacy positively. Behavior-related role clarity had a positive effect on job satisfaction, but outcome-related role clarity didn't influence job satisfaction. Finally, self-efficacy didn't have any effect on job satisfaction. The contributions of this study are as follows: First, existing studies have investigated the direct causal relationship between salespeoples' control type and performance, but this study investigates the structural causality between salespeoples' control types, responses, and performances. Second, this study found the mediating role of outcome-related/behavior-related role-clarity between outcome/behavior control and self-efficacy. Finally, the findings of this study further insight to existing studies on the relationship between job satisfaction and self-efficacy. The confidence of salespeoples' task influenced job satisfaction positively in existing articles,field studies, but the relationship between these two variables was not significant in this study. This means that there can be a different relationship between confidence and job satisfaction according to salespeoples' business. That is, the business environment may not be satisfying, even if the salespeople say that they have ability and confidence about their business. This means that able salespeople who have ability and confidence about their business are not satisfied with their job advancement in the company. Therefore, enterprise need to provide training that can establish a business environment that can satisfy the salespeole's expectation level which will secure good salespeople. This study may have limitation when applied to future studies. First,in this study as with existing studies it investigates the control level that salespeople feel is being measured. Actuality, the control level that a manager enforces and the control level that salespeople perceive when one is late can be different. There is need to measure lateness from both the perspective of the manager and salespeople should be done to supplement this study in the future Second, this study used variables that were connected with action result but salespeople's job satisfaction is due to the result of control. But, focusing on result of control can provide a more important financial result than sales performance. This study is also limited in that it did not consider financial result by result of control. Further studies on this will need to be done in the future. Third, this study may have a further limitation,because the investigation was restricted to pharmaceutical salespeople selling to hospitals. It is necessary to execute investigations in various industries to increase the generalization of the study findings Fourth, in this study, role clarity and self-efficacy by response variable for control and considered job satisfaction by outcome variable of control was considered. But, can other variables be considered beside response variable and result variable for control? For example, can financial affairs and change of post by outcome variable along with business stress by response variable for control be considered? Therefore, future studies need to consider various control variables. Finally, there is limited supporting research in the field of marketing which restricts the generalization of the study finding along with collecting material through random sampling of a limited size. This research summarizes the research in this area, the difference from the previous research, and provides a discussion of its limitations and the need and direction for further future research.

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Mannitol Amendment as a Carbon Source in a Bean-based Formulation Enhances Biocontrol Efficacy of a 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing Pseudomonas sp. NJ134 Against Tomato Fusarium Wilt

  • Kang, Beom-Ryong
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.390-395
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    • 2011
  • Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum has become a serious problem world-wide and relies heavily on chemical fungicides. We selected Pseudomonas sp. NJ134 to develop an effective biocontrol strategy. This strain shows strong antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum. Biochemical analyses of ethyl-acetate extracts of NJ134 culture filtrates showed that 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) was the major compound inhibiting in vitro growth of F. oxysporum. DAPG production was greatly enhanced in the NJ134 strain by adding mannitol to the growth media, and in vitro antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum increased. Bioformulations developed from growth of NJ134 in sterile bean media with mannitol as the carbon source under plastic bags resulted in effective biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium wilt. The efficacy of the bioformulated product depended on the carbon source and dose. Mannitol amendment in the bean-based formulation showed strong effective biocontrol against tomato Fusarium wilt through increased DAPG levels and a higher cell density compared to that in a glucose-amended formulation. These results suggest that this bioformulated product could be a new effective biocontrol system to control Fusarium wilt in the field.

Hypotheses Analysis about the Efficacy of University-Industry Collaboration In the Field of Information Technology -The Case of IT Mentoring System- (정보통신분야 산학협력 효과성에 대한 영향요인 분석 -IT 멘토링 사례중심으로-)

  • Lee, Jung-Mann;Ihm, Seung-Ho;Hwang, Gyu-He;Lee, Jin-Suk
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.11 no.8
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    • pp.342-352
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    • 2011
  • This study is to verify hypotheses about the efficacy and success factors of the IT Mentor project(in which 524 students participated) which is one of the most best practices in Korea. The empirical results found that all the aspects of students, industrial experts, professors, support programs and other infrastructure have certain influences on the industry-academia cooperation. In addition, logit regression model was employed to investigate the efficacy factors of industry and university's satisfaction to IT mentor system. It showed that industry's satisfaction depends on students' participation in company's projects and students' improvements of major competence.

The Influence of the Educational Environment of the College of Engineering on the Psychological Characteristics of Female Students (여성공학도의 전공 관련 심리적 특성에 미치는 공과대학 교육환경의 영향)

  • Kim, Dong Ik;Lee, Young Hwa
    • Journal of Engineering Education Research
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.69-77
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    • 2013
  • A study was conducted to find that which educational factors affect the psychological characteristics related to one's major of female students in engineering. The study was conducted through reviewing the advanced literatures and data for surveys was collected from the 216 female students at the college of engineering. This data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the ANOVA test, hierarchical regression analysis, and factors analyzed by SPSS window's 12.0. The results are as follows. The major aspirations of female students at the college of engineering are affected by the grades (GPA) they have achieved in the past and by the professors' support they have received from the educational environment, by the WIE program participation. However, this survey showed that the support of professors was the most influential factor. The self-efficacy about employment is affected by the grades (GPA) they have achieved and the professors' support they have received. Therefore, the finding shows that the professors' support in their major field is the most affective factor to both characteristics such as the self-efficacy, the major aspirations.