• 제목/요약/키워드: fermented starter

검색결과 340건 처리시간 0.025초

전통장류 유래 Bacillus sp.를 이용한 콩 발효물의 품질 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Fermented Soybean Products by Bacillus sp. Isolated from Traditional Soybean Paste)

  • 이선영;엄정선;최혜선
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제43권5호
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    • pp.756-762
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    • 2014
  • 전통 장류 유래 효소 활성 및 항균 활성 우수 Bacillus sp.를 스타터로 한 콩 발효물의 품질 특성을 분석하였다. 총균수는 HJ5-2를 접종한 시료가 $3.00{\times}10^9CFU/mL$로 가장 높았으며, 유산균은 스타터 첨가 콩 발효물에서 $2.50{\times}10^2{\sim}7.30{\times}10^4CFU/mL$를 나타나는 것으로 보아 접종된 균주가 우점종이 된 것을 확인하였다. ${\alpha}$-Amylase 활성은 RD7-7(20.82 unit/mL)과 HJ18-4(18.45 unit/mL), protease 활성은 RD7-7(647.92 unit/mL)을 접종한 콩 발효물이 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 환원당 함량은 HJ18-4(2.35%), 아미노태 질소 함량은 RD7-7(227.96 mg%) 접종 콩 발효물에서 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 아미노산 함량은 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, lysine, arginine 순으로 검출되었다. 유기산은 oxalic acid(36.51~63.57 mg/100 g)가 모든 실험군에서 검출되었으며, succinic acid(600.15~429.49 mg/100 g)는 control과 RD7-7 접종 콩 발효물에서 검출되었다. 향기 성분을 분석한 결과 총 28종(esters 3종, ketones 6종, aldehydes 2종, alcohols 4종, hydrocarbons 2종, pyrazines 2종, acids 4종, 기타 4종)이 검출되었으며, RD7-7과 HJ18-4를 접종한 콩 발효물에서 23종의 향기 성분이 검출되었다. 본 연구는 고품질 장류용 스타터 개발을 위한 단일균 접종 콩 적용 시험으로 향후 혼합배양 스타터 개발 및 기능성 콩 발효소재 개발을 위한 기초자료로 제시하고자 한다.

꽃송이버섯 기부 발효물 첨가 사료가 장어의 면역반응에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Fermented Sparassis crispa Stipe Extract Supplemented Diet on the Immune Responses of Philippines Eel, Anguilla bicolor)

  • 김은주;서승호;박성은;강민수;손홍석
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제46권10호
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    • pp.1151-1157
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구에서는 폐기되고 있는 꽃송이버섯 기부 발효에 적합한 균주 선발을 위해 Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis를 활용하여 발효를 진행하였으며, 생균수 실험 결과 L. plantarum이 발효 48시간에 1.486의 흡광도를 보여 빠른 발효속도와 생육능을 보였다. 총 페놀 함량은 L. plantarum과 S. cerevisiae를 활용하여 발효한 실험구에서 301.68 ppm, 299.35 ppm으로 발효 전보다 높은 함량을 보였으며, B. subtilis 발효 실험구는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 L. plantarum이 63.9%로 가장 우수한 항산화 활성을 보여 L. plantarum을 이용하여 꽃송이버섯 기부를 발효한 후 장어에 사료 첨가제로 급이하였다. 6주간 장어의 폐사는 대조구에서 60마리로 가장 많은 폐사를 보였으며, 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물이 24마리로 가장 적은 폐사를 보였다. 장어 혈청의 lysozyme 용균 활성 및 E. coli 살균능은 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물과 발효물 모두 대조구에 비해 높은 활성을 보였다.

Effects of Replacing Soy Protein Concentrate with Fermented Soy Protein in Starter Diet on Growth Performance and Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility in Weaned Pigs

  • Min, B.J.;Cho, J.H.;Chen, Y.J.;Kim, H.J.;Yoo, J.S.;Wang, Q.;Kim, I.H.;Cho, W.T.;Lee, S.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.99-106
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    • 2009
  • For Exp. 1, 120 ((Yorkshire${\times}$Landrace)${\times}$Duroc) weaned pigs (7.96${\pm}$0.01 kg average initial BW, 21 days weaning) were used in a 28 d-growth assay to determine the effects of replacing soy protein concentrate (SPC) with fermented soy protein (FSP) in a starter diet (d 0 to 7) on the growth performance, apparent fecal amino acid digestibility and subsequent performance in weaned pigs. Dietary treatments included: i) FSP0 (basal diet; whey-skim milk powder-SPC based diet); ii) FSP5 (replacing SPC with 5% FSP); iii) FSP10 (replacing SPC with 10% FSP). Pigs were fed the phase I diet for 7 days, and then each group was fed a common commercial diet for 21 days to determine the effect of previous diet on subsequent performance. Average daily gain (ADG) from d 5 to 7 (linear effect, p = 0.01) and d 7 to 14 (linear effect, p<0.001) were increased as FSP level increased. The pigs fed with FSP was heavier than the pigs fed with SPC at d 5 to 7 and d 7 to 14 after weaning (p<0.05). In the entire period (d 0 to 28), there were no significant differences in weight gain and final weight between SPC and FSP diets (p>0.05). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) was higher in pigs fed with the 5% FSP diet than those fed with the other diets at d 0 to 2 post-weaning (quadratic effect, p = 0.05). Also, for the entire period of phase I (d 0 to 7), pigs consumed more 5% FSP diet compared to other treatments (quadratic effect, p = 0.03). Gain/feed (G/F) was not affected by dietary SPC or FSP in phase I and subsequent periods, but G/F from d 5 to 7 after weaning was improved linearly (p = 0.04) as dietary FSP level increased. Pigs fed with 10% FSP also improved G/F compared with those fed only SPC (p<0.05). At d 7, there were linear increments in fecal dry matter (DM) (p<0.1) and nitrogen (N) (p<0.01) digestibilities as the dietary FSP level increased. The digestibilities of fecal essential and total amino acids were increased as the FSP level increased (linear effect, p<0.1). For Exp. 2, three ((Yorkshire${\times}$Landrace)${\times}$Duroc) weaned barrows (average initial BW of 7.32 kg) were surgically fitted with a simple T-cannula approximately 15 cm prior to the ileo-cecal junction. The experimental designs were 3${\times}$3 latin squares with pigs and periods as blocking criteria. Dietary treatments and composition were the same as in Exp. 1. Apparent ileal N digestibility was increased as FSP level was increased (linear effect, p<0.05). The dietary treatments (SPC and FSP) did not affect apparent ileal DM digestibility (p>0.05). Among essential amino acids, apparent digestibility of ileal arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys), methionine (Met) and phenylalanine (Phe) were improved as the FSP level increased (linear effect, p<0.1). Also, apparent ileal total essential, non-essential and total amino acid digestibilities were increased linearly (p<0.1). In conclusion, replacing SPC with fermented soy protein appeared beneficial in growth performance, N and amino acid digestibility during the early 7 days after weaning, and an equivalent effect showed on growth performance in subsequent period of 7 to 28 days after weaning.

메주 형태와 Starter 첨가에 따른 쌀된장의 품질특성 변화 (Quality Characteristics of Rice-doenjang during Fermentation by Differently Shaped Meju and Adding Starter)

  • 이선영;박나영;김지연;최혜선
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.505-512
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    • 2012
  • 된장은 콩을 주원료로 한 우리나라의 대표적 발효, 숙성식품으로 식생활에서 주요 단백질 섭취원이자, 조미료로서 중요한 역할을 차지해왔다. 쌀된장은 쌀을 첨가한 전통된장으로 전통장류와 메주에서 분리한 효소활성 및 항균효과 우수균주 B. subtilis(HJ18-4), A. oryzae(MD05)를 starter로 이용하여, 흩임메주(Rice 1), disc형 메주(Rice 2), 일반육면체메주(Rice 3)로 제형을 달리한 쌀된장의 품질특성을 평가하였다. 발효기간에 따라 아미노태 질소, 암모니아태 질소, 환원당 함량, protease 활성, ${\alpha}$-amylase활성, 총 균수, 유산균수 변화를 측정하였다. 아미노태 질소 함량의 변화는 Rice 3이 21일까지 34.10~199.70 mg%로 급격히 증가하였으며, 암모니아태 질소함량은 다른 처리구에 비해 Rice 1이 639.29 mg%로 가장 높았다. 환원당 함량은 0.024~0.498%로 실험군별 큰 차이는 없었으며, 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하였다. Protease 활성은 Rice 2 및 3이 다른 처리구에 비해 95.55~95.92 unit/g으로 높았으며, 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하였다. ${\alpha}$-Amylase 활성은 Rice 2, 3이 발효 14일째 36.65~341.27 unti/g으로 급격한 증가를 보였다. 쌀된장의 숙성기간에 다른 총 균수 측정 결과 발효기간 동안 일정하였으며 Rice 1이 42일째 $4.2{\times}10^8$ CFU/g으로 가장 높은 총 균수를 나타내었다. 유산균수는 발효기간 동안 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 B. subtillis와 A. oryzae를 접종하고, 메주 형태가 Rice 3(2,000 g, $20cm{\times}15cm{\times}5cm$)으로 제조 시 아미노태 질소, 암모니아태 질소 및 효소활성 측정 결과, 품질특성이 가장 좋았음을 알 수 있었다. 쌀된장의 숙성기간 동안 품질특성이 가장 좋은 Rice 3의 유기산과 유리아미노산 함량을 분석하였다. 유기산을 분석한 결과, citric, lactic, succinic, fumaric, malic acid가 동정되었다. 이들 유기산 중 citric acid과 lactic acid의 함량이 각각 1,190.1 및 517.28 mg/kg 순으로 가장 높았다. 유리아미노산 분석 결과, glutamic acid와 aspartic acid가 1,959.88 및 1,085.00 mg/100 g으로 함량이 가장 높았으며, leucine, lysine, valine 등의 순으로 함유되어 있었다. 본 연구결과로 효소활성이 우수한 균주로 활용된 쌀된장의 제조에 있어서 제형별 특징에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다.

Bacillus subtilis HJ18-4를 이용하여 제조한 메밀 속성장의 품질특성 (Quality characteristics of buckwheat Soksungjang manufactured by Bacillus subtilis HJ18-4)

  • 박나영;이선영;김지연;최혜선
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.699-704
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    • 2013
  • 메밀 속성장은 메밀과 콩으로 제조된 별미장이다. 항균 및 효소활성이 우수한 B. subtilis HJ18-4 균주를 starter로 사용하여 메밀 속성장을 제조하였다. 메밀 속성장 제조과정 중, starter 첨가 시기는 메주 제조단계(Treat-1) 및 염수 첨가단계(Treat-2)로 접종시기를 달리하였다. 발효 중 아미노태질소 함량, 환원당, 효소활성(protease, amylase)의 이화학적 품질특성과 총균 수, 유산균 수 및B. cereus 양 변화 등의 미생물학적 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 총균 수는 발효 15일부터 7~8 log CFU/mL로 증가되었고 아미노태 질소함량은 발효기간 동안 65.38~202.52 mg%로 증가되었다. 반면, 환원당과 효소활성(amylase, protease)은 모든 처리구 에서 감소하였다. 발효기간 중 PlcR 발현에 미치는 영향을 측정한 결과, Treat-1 처리구에서 발효 23일 이후 검출되지 않았다. 메주 제조단계에서 B. subtilis HJ18-4를 접종한 Treat-1이 발효관련 이화학적 특성과B. cereus 저해효과가 우수하였다. 단일 균을 접종하여 제조되는 개량식장 제조 시, 자연발효에 제조된 장의 품질을 재현하기가 매우 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구는 자연발효방법으로 제조되는 메밀 속성장에 항균 및 효소활성이 우수한B. subtilis HJ18-4 균주를 스타터 적용하여 장류 품질개선 방법을 제시하였다.

Development of an Enrichment Culture Growing at Low Temperature used for Ensiling Rice Straw

  • Yang, Hong Yan;Wang, Xiao Fen;Gao, Li Juan;Haruta, Shin;Ishii, Masaharu;Igarashi, Yasuo;Cui, Zong Jun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.711-717
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    • 2008
  • To speed up the conversion of rice straw into feeds in a low-temperature region, a start culture used for ensiling rice straw at low temperature was selected by continuous enrichment cultivation. During the selection, the microbial source for enrichment was rice straw and soil from two places in Northeast China. Lab-scale rice straw fermentation at $10^{\circ}C$ verified, compared with the commercial inoculant, that the selected start culture lowered the pH of the fermented rice straw more rapidly and produced more lactic acid. The results from denatured gradient gel eletrophoresis showed that the selected start culture could colonize into the rice straw fermentation system. To analyze the composition of the culture, a 16S rRNA gene clone library was constructed. Sequencing results showed that the culture mainly consisted of two bacterial species. One (A) belonged to Lactobacillus and another (B) belonged to Leuconostoc. To make clear the roles of composition microbes in the fermented system, quantitative PCR was used. For species A, the DNA mass increased continuously until sixteen days of the fermentation, which occupied 65%. For species B, the DNA mass amounted to 5.5% at six days of the fermentation, which was the maximum relative value during the fermentation. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first report on ensiling rice straw with a selected starter at low temperature and investigation of the fermented characteristics.

Probiotic 유산균 발효에 의한 다시마(Saccharina japonica) 추출액의 항산화 활성 (Antioxidant Activity of Kelp Saccharina japonica Extract Fermented by Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria)

  • 류대규;박슬기;강민균;정민철;조두민;장유미;정희진;이도하;김영목
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제53권3호
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    • pp.361-367
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    • 2020
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation on the antioxidant activity of kelp Saccharina japonica water extract. Three LAB strains that had exhibited superior antioxidant activity in a previous study were selected for the kelp fermentation starter. The antioxidant activity of the fermented extracts was analyzed during fermentation. After 48 h of fermentation, the extract-fermented Lactobacillus plantarum D-11 strains showed the highest antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging, ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assay. Furthermore, the analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid contents revealed that the enhanced antioxidant activity was mainly due to the increased antioxidant content from fermentation. Thus, this study suggests that probiotic LAB fermentation is an attractive approach for the development of various kelp fermentation products.

유제품 발효에서 유산균의 단백질 가수분해 시스템 (Proteolytic Systems of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Milk Fermentation)

  • 장운기;설국환;김민경;한기성;정석근;오미화;박범영;함준상
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.119-129
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    • 2012
  • Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used as starter cultures in the manufacturing processes of fermented dairy products such as cheese and yogurt. LAB have a proteolytic system to use the nitrogen source from milk for their growth. The proteolytic system involved in casein utilization provides cells with essential amino acids during growth in milk and is also of industrial importance, because of its contribution to the development of the organoleptic properties such as flavor of fermented milk products. In the most extensively studied LAB, Lactococcus lactis, the main features of the proteolytic system comprise 3 groups. The first is proteinase, which initially cleaves the milk protein to peptides. The second group consists of transport systems for the internalization of oligopeptides, which are involved in the cellular uptake of small peptides and amino acids. The third group, peptidases in the cell, cleaves peptides into smaller peptides and amino acids. This review is to provide the information about the proteolytic system of LAB.

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Identification of Coccoidal Bacteria in Traditional Fermented Milk Products from Mongolia, and the Fermentation Properties of the Predominant Species, Streptococcus thermophilus

  • Ren, Yan;Liu, Wenjun;Zhang, Heping
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제35권5호
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    • pp.683-691
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study was to identify the coccoidal bacteria present in 188 samples of fermented yaks’, mares’ and cows’ milk products collected from 12 different regions in Mongolia. Furthermore, we evaluated the fermentation properties of ten selected isolates of the predominant species, Streptococcus (S.) thermophiles, during the process of milk fermentation and subsequent storage of the resulting yoghurt at 4℃. Overall, 159 isolates were obtained from 188 samples using M17 agar. These isolates were presumed to be lactic acid bacteria based on their gram-positive and catalase-negative properties, and were identified to species level using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. These coccoid isolates were distributed in four genera and six species: Enterococcus (E.) durans, Enterococcus (E.) faecalis, Lactococcus (Lac.) subsp. lactis, Leuconostoc (Leuc.) lactis, Leuconostoc (Leuc.) mesenteroides. subsp. mesenteroides and S. thermophilus. Among these S. thermophilus was the most common species in most samples. From evaluation of the fermentation characteristics (viable counts, pH, titratable acidity [TA]) of ten selected S. thermophilus isolates we could identify four isolates (IMAU 20246, IMAU20764, IMAU20729 and IMAU20738) that were fast acid producers. IMAU20246 produced the highest concentrations of lactic acid and formic acid. These isolates have potential as starter cultures for yoghurt production.

전통누룩에서 분리한 양조용 곰팡이의 배양 특성 연구 (Cultural Characteristics of Fungi Strains isolated from Korean Nuruk)

  • 문지영;백성열;박혜영;노현수;여수환
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.125-140
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    • 2016
  • We analyzed the cultural characteristics of isolated brewing fungi for developing fermentation starters. In a previous study, we collected 87 domestic nuruk, from which 481 fungi strains were isolated and 11 were selected showing improved productivity. After culturing these 11 fungi strains in several types of media, temperatures, carbon and nitrogen sources, Rhizopus sp. grew well in MEA, ME20S, PDA medium while Aspergillus sp. grew well in ME20S and YES. Both Rhizopus sp. and Aspergillus sp. survived well at optimal growth temperatures of 30 and $37^{\circ}C$. Rhizopus sp. utilized lactose, glucose and peptone sources while Aspergillus sp. utilized glucose, mannose, fructose and yeast extract sources. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ activity was excellent in L. ramosa CN044, R. oryzae 82-7(MEB), R. oryzae CN174 and A. oryzae 58-11(WEB) culture extracts. This study suggests that R. delemar 26-4, 58-8 and A. oryzae 78-5, 37-7 might be appropriate fungi strains for fermentation starters based on development of large fungi bodies and their good enzyme activities.