• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.2447-2449
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• 2012

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.246-248
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• 2013

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2001

This paper is proposed an efficiency optimization control algorithm for a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) which minimizes the copper and iron losses. fen exists a variety of combinations of d and q-axis current which provide a specific motor torque. The objective of the efficiency optimization controller is to seek a combination of d and q-axis current components, which provides minimum losses at a certain operating point in steady state. It is shown that the current components which directly govern the torque production have been very well regulated by the efficiency optimization control scheme. The proposed algorithm allows the electromagnetic losses in variable speed and torque drives to be reduced while keeping good torque control dynamics. Simulation results are presented to show the validity of the proposed algorithm.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.46-56
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• 2002

The presence of imprecise measurement may seriously affect the efficiency of process control and production cost. A cost model is derived to determine the design parameters of the economic asymmetric $\bar{X}$ and S control charts including measurement errors. The effects of imprecise measurement on the performance of the economic asymmetric $\bar{X}$ and S control charts and production cost are examined for the case where the process mean and process standard deviation may change. Application of the proposed control charts is demonstrated through an example. Numerical examples illustrate the effects of imprecise measurement on the design parameters of the proposed control charts. It shows that the imprecision measurement may seriously affrct the ability of the proposed control charts to detect process disturbances quickly, change the sampling frequency, and increase the production cost compared to the control charts excluding measurement errors.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.12
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• pp.3100-3116
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• 2012

Reversible data hiding enables the embedding of messages in a host image without any loss of host content, which is proposed for image authentication that if the watermarked image is deemed authentic, we can revert it to the exact copy of the original image before the embedding occurred. In this paper, we present an improved histogram-based reversible data hiding scheme based on prediction and sorting. A rhombus prediction is employed to explore the prediction for histogram-based embedding. Sorting the prediction has a good influence on increasing the embedding capacity. Characteristics of the pixel difference are used to achieve large hiding capacity while keeping low distortion. The proposed scheme exploits a two-stage embedding strategy to solve the problem about communicating peak points. We also present a histogram shifting technique to prevent overflow and underflow. Performance comparisons with other existing reversible data hiding schemes are provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.67
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• pp.437-447
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• 2018

Visible-light-driven wide bandgap semiconductor photocatalysts were commonly developed via doping or coupling with another narrow bandgap metal oxide. However, these approaches required extra processing. The aim of study was to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of narrow bandgap $WO_x$ nanoparticles. A mixture of $WO_2$ and $WO_3$ nanoparticles were synthesized using solution precipitation technique. The photodegradation of RhB by these nanoparticles more effective in UV light than in visible light. In antibacterial susceptibility assay, $WO_x$ nanoparticles demonstrated good antibacterial against Gram-positive bacteria. The cell wall of bacterial was the main determinant in antibacterial effect other than $W^{4+}/W^{6+}$ ions and ROS.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.489-502
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• 2015

Sometimes called the Silicon Fen, the Cambridge cluster is well known as the most innovative hi-tech cluster in the world. This paper attempts to explore the evolutionary dynamics of the Cambridge cluster, drawing upon the triple-helix approach. To understand the evolutionary dynamics of the Cambridge cluster, it is important to examine the role and impact of the University of Cambridge, which is conceived as one of the best higher educational institutions in the world. The Cambridge cluster has been evolved on the basis of a strong university-industry relationship. University spin-outs have a long tradition in Cambridge with the history of more than a century, and they have played a critical role in making the cluster more innovative. Business networks and social capital molded for a long time in the region become a foundation for active local spin-out activities. However, since 2000 the central government started steadily to require British universities to be an entrepreneurial university, with the purpose of the reduction of university subsidies. As a result of this, spin-out activities in the Cambridge cluster show a sharp decline, which is a factor of threatening the dynamic evolution of the cluster.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.39-47
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• 2006

Objectives : The following study was undertaken in order to seek the acupuncture operation method of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun(傷寒論)${\gg}$ Liu- Jing-Bian-Zheng(六經辯誇). Methods : Based on tile documents quoted in ${\ll}$Sang Hang Za Bing Lun Xu Wen(傷寒雜病論 序文)${\gg}$ of 'Zhang, Zhong-Jing(張仲景)', the relativity of the theory of Jing-Mai(經脈) and Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng of convalescence, and from the Liu-Jing-Bing(六經病), the origin and implication that caused Jue-yin-Bing(厥陰病) to form was studied on the basis of acupuncture medicine publications and e commentary writing of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$. Results : 1. ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$ Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng has succeeded and was developed based on Liu-Jing-Fen-Zheng(六經分證) of ${\ll}$Su Wen Re Lun(素問 熱論)${\gg}$. In addition, the summary of Liu-Jing-Bing became the general pnnciple of Fen-Jing(分經) and Ding-Zheng(定證) that may be applicable to Fenghan(風寒), Wenre(溫熱), Lili(疫癩) and Eating(雜病). 2. Most commentators of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$ in the Song, Ming and Ching Dynasties of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$ interpreted the Jue-Yin-Bing in physiological and pathological aspects of Rong-Wei(榮衛) as the disease of the Sim Po and Liver meridian. 3. From the Liu-Jing-Bing of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$, the region of acupuncture treaaent of Jue-Yin-Bing is treated with the needle from the point of view of Bing-fheng-Lun-fhi(辨證論治) with the basis of the important region of acupuncture of the Sim Po of meridian and Liver of meridian.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2007

Objectives: The following study was undertaken in order to seek the acupuncture operation method of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun(傷寒論)${\gg}$ Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng(六經辯證). Methods: Based on the documents quoted in ${\ll}$Sang Han Za Bing Lun ${\cdot}$ Xu Wen(傷寒雜病論 ${\cdot}$ 序文)${\gg}$ of "Zhang, Zhong-Jing(張仲景)", the relativity of the theory of Jing-Mai(經脈) and Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng of convalescence, and from the Liu-Jing-Bing(六經病), the origin and implication that caused So-Yang-Bing(少陽病) to form was studied on the basis of acupuncture medicine publications and the commentary writing of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$. Results: 1. ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$ Liu-Jing-Bian-Zheng has succeeded and was developed based on Liu-Jing-Fen-Zheng(六經分證) of ${\ll}$ Su Wen ${\cdot}$ Re Lun(素問 ${\cdot}$ 熱論)${\gg}$. In addition, the summary of Liu-Jing-Bing became the general principle of Fen-Jing(分經) and Ding-Zheng(定證) that may be applicable to Fenghan(風寒), Wenre(溫熱), Lili and Zabing(雜病). 2. Most commentators of $\ll$Sang Han Lun$\gg$ in the Song, Ming and Ching Dynasties of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$interpreted the So-Yang-Bing in physiological and pathological aspects of Rong-Wei(榮衛) as the disease of the bladder meridian that oversees the skin of the human body. 3. From the Liu-Jing-Bing of ${\ll}$Sang Han Lun${\gg}$, the region of acupuncture treatment of So-Yang-Bing is treated with the needle from the point of view of bing-Zheng-Lun-Zhi(辯證論治) with the basis of the important region of acupuncture of the Triple Energizer meridian and Gallbladder of meridian.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.6 s.77
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• pp.637-648
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• 1999

Finishing is usually accomplished about four to seven months before the removal of orthodontic appliance in order to achieve ideal occlusion and excellent aesthetics. This process, called finishing, is the key to obtain excellent final results. Some of orthodontists believe it can be accomplished at the final stage of orthodontic treatment, and they complete it without their special rationale and criteria for finishing. However, it should be considered as a part of the total treatment plan from the beginning to end, and a guideline for finishing, which is based on rationale and criteria for the removal of orthodontic appliance, is needed to obtain the desired results. The guideline should include a checklist for finishing. This checklist is divided into four categories: occlusal, aesthetic, periodontal, and habitual factors. Occlusal fators include alignment, marginal ridge discrepancy, interproximal contact, anterior inclination, posterior inclination, over-jet over-bite, arch fen and functional occlusion. Aesthetic factors include gingival form, crown fen crown width, and crown length. Periodontal factors include root angulation, bone level, and black hole in periodontal factors. Habitual factors consist of mouth breathing, tongue position at rest, tongue thrust, lip biting, nail biting, and finger sucking