• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.68-73
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• 2012

Fat malabsorption is an important cause of poor growth in infancy and childhood. Steatorrhea tests have been developed using various methods. Traditional measurements of stool fat, however, require large samples and it often takes as a week to complete the analysis. In this paper, a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) method was developed for simultaneous quantitative analysis of triacylglycerols, triolein, diolein and monoolein, in mouse feces. Moreover, the procedure was rapid, simple as well as compatible with LC-ESI/MS. Chloroform-isopropyl alcohol solution was used for fat-soluble sample extraction. After centrifugation and filtration, an analytical solution was prepared. Triolein, diolein and monoolein were separated using non-aqueous reversed-phase column with the mobile phase consisting of A (methanol) and B (acetone-isopropyl alcohol). The precision (% CV) and accuracy (% bias) of the assay were 3.8-14.7% and 85.2-114.9%, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to simultaneous determination of triolein, diolein and monoolein in feces from 30 mice. This method can therefore be applied to measure triacylglycerols in mouse feces accurately and precisely by LC-ESI/MS, thereby helping to predictive biomarker in fat malabsorption and diagnostic research.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.29-35
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• 2009

Pyrolysis is recently used as one of alternative methods of animal waste treatment. In this study bio-oil was produced at $550^{\circ}C$ in an auger reactor through pyrolysis process. Two pig waste mixtures were used, pig feces mixed with rice husks and pig feces mixed with sawdust. The main compositions of hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose, protein, and fat were analyzed chemically. Based on the main composition results obtained, the contents of holocellulose (the sum of hemicellulose and cellulose) and lignin had a significant positive effect on bio-oil production, and there was a significant negative effect of ash content on bio-oil yield. The interactions between the different feedstocks were evaluated, and it was concluded that the interaction between pig feces and rice husks was minimal, whereas the interaction between pig feces and sawdust was significant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1975

After ablactation, wistar strain white male rats, weighing 270g and 340g, were fed with a diet of CLEA for three months. The whole daily excretion of each feces and urine were collected, and extracted with water($80^{\circ}C$ hot water). The combined extraction were filtered and the $B_2$ was determined with the parts of the filterates by the lumiflavin fluorometric method, and the FMN, FAD and FR with the rest of the filterates by paper chromatography. The following results were obtained; 1. $B_2$ contents in the feces were $27.52{\gamma}$ per 100 grams per body weight, and $83.93{\gamma}$ per each rat per day. 2. $B_2$ contents in the urine were $18.47{\gamma}$ per 100 grams per body weight, and $56.33{\gamma}$ per each rat per day. The total daily excretion of $B_2$ contents in the feces were 1. 5 times as much as in the urine. 3. Among the total daily $B_2$ excretion of one white wistar strain rat in the feces were the following ; FAD, 81.0% ; FMN, 14.9% ; FR, 3.3%. Therefore the order of the contents were FAD>FMN>FR.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.1727-1737
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• 2023

Objective: The poultry industry is a primary source of animal protein worldwide. The gut microbiota of poultry birds, such as chickens and ducks, is critical in maintaining their health, growth, and productivity. This study aimed to identify longitudinal changes in the gut microbiota of laying hens from birth to the pre-laying stage. Methods: From a total of 80 Hy-Line Brown laying hens, birds were selected based on weight at equal intervals to collect feces (n = 20 per growth) and ileal contents (n = 10 per growth) for each growth stage (days 10, 21, 58, and 101). The V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified after extracting DNA from feces and ileal contents. Amplicon sequencing was performed using Illumina, followed by analysis. Results: Microbial diversity increased with growth stages, regardless of sampling sites. Microbial community analysis indicated that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in the feces and ileal. The abundance of Lactobacillus was highest on day 10, and that of Escherichia-shigella was higher on day 21 than those at the other stages at the genus level (for the feces and ileal contents; p<0.05). Furthermore, Turicibacter was the most abundant genus after changing feed (for the feces and ileal contents; p<0.05). The fecal Ruminococcus torques and ileal Lysinibacillus were negatively correlated with the body weights of chickens (p<0.05). Conclusion: The gut microbiota of laying hens changes during the four growth stages, and interactions between microbiota and feed may be present. Our findings provide valuable data for understanding the gut microbiota of laying hens at various growth stages and future applied studies.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.558-571
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to verify the difference in diet, digestion, sweat, feces and urination characteristics according to body shape characteristic. Methods : 1,302 participants were divided into 4 body types and were assessed through the questionnaire about Sasang constitution's ordinary symptoms such as diet, digestion, sweat, feces and urination characteristics. Results : Hyeong-keum type had active characteristics in the size of their meal and speed of taking meal. Hyeong-keum type got the most in the amount of sweating. And Yo-wi type reported the greatest urinary frequency. Conclusions : The difference of body type influences Sasang constitution's ordinary symptoms such as diet, sweat and urination. In digestion and feces, there was no statistical significance in the difference.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.18-21
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• 2001

In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a novel B. amyloliquefacience DS11 phytase (DS11 phytase) and that of a commercial Aspergillus ficcum phytase (AF phytase) through their bioavailabilities of phytin-posphorus and -calcium in the diet using cannulated pigs. For the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of the phytases in pigs, we determined phosphorous concentrations from serum and feces, in addition to ingesta obtained from the cannula at the terminal ileum. As results, phosphorus concentration was lower in feces from DS11 group and BASF group by 17% and 10%, and higher in serum from the respective groups by 34% and 20%, as compared to the control group. Both phytases are evaluated to enhance phosphorus availability to the great extent. Calcium concentration of feces were lower in DS11 group and BASF group by 31% and 10%, than that in the control. Calcium concentration of serum was higher in DS11 phytase group by 4% but lower in AF phyase group by 3%, then that in the control group.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.539-543
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• 2005

Elevated level of serum cholesterol in humans is a risk factor correlated with the development of coronary heart disease. We have screened lactic acid bacteria from pig and human feces for the development of probiotics which have an anti-cholesterol effect. We have used special media to isolate only lactic acid bacteria and they were subjected to the experiments such as oxgal test, carbohydrate fermentation test. Results from the acid tolerance test and growth test in the presence of oxgal demonstrated that some strains would likely survive in thuman stomach, where acidity is high, and in small intestine, where bile fluid is present. In conclusion, we were able to screen lactic acid bacteria which were tolerant against bile acid and supposed to be prominent to lower the cholesterol level in human serum.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.113-115
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• 2014

Salmonella are causative agents of gastroenteritis and systemic disease in animals. The invA gene was selected as a target sequence of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for diagnosis of Salmonella infection. The detection limits for broth dilution, spiked feces and enrichment were $10^4$, $10^5$ and $10^2$ CFUs/mL, respectively. The LAMP assay developed in the present study may be a reliable method for detection of Salmonella spp. in pig feces.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2016

This paper presents a novel method to design and implement mobile u-health system by defining the essential elements of mobile healthcare services. We choose common service elements for the proposed u-healthcare scheme and design the service platform. Especially we focus on automatic feces or urine sensing u-care scheme to prove the effectiveness of our platform. We construct the system with sensing part with a manikin and a diaper, wireless communication part with feces or urine sensing data, and coordinator system based on the u-health platform defined in this paper. Experimental results show that our scheme is useful in the area of u-care service for the handicapped, the elderly, and patients who can hardly move by themselves. In addition the designed scheme offers a realized u-care scheme with the purpose of advanced developing tools for application or service developers.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.126-126
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• 2018

Many of researches have revealed that human intestinal microbiota is related to health. Several diseases like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are affected by the microbiota directly and indirectly. So, interventions with food and drug have been tried to change a composition of the microbiota to better condition. However, few natural medicines have elucidated to date. To understand an influence on microbiota by plant materials including Glycyrrhizae Radix, the extract of medicines were administered to mice and the feces were collected before and after the administration. The feces were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The changes in composition of mice gut microbiota were detected and analyzed. The data could be utilized to further study about biological activities of the plant medicines.