• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the extraction method for the determination of organochlorine, organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid pesticide residues in beef fat by gas chromatography-mass selective detector(GC-MSD). Twenty one pesticide residues in fat were determined using a simple and rapid procedure based on solid- phase extraction(SPE) clean-up cartridges with octadecyl $(C_{18})-bonded$ porous silica, florisil, $10\%$ deactivated florisil. a tandem $C_{18}$ and florisil and a tandem $C_{18}$ and $10\%$ deactivated florisil. Solvent-solvent extraction using acetonitrile was not satisfied to eliminate fat interference for pesticide residue analysis by GC-MSD, and the recoveries of the method in fat ranged from 16.2 to $57.3\%$ except DDT$(83.2\%)$. The recoveries of SPE methods using a tandem $C_{18}$ and Florisil was $59.6\~123.8\%$ except fenitrothion $(135.2\%)$. the SPE method was verified the satisfactory performance of pre-treatment for pesticide residues analysis in fat by GC-MSD. The efficiency of florisil deactivated with $10\%$ water has been not proved significantly on recoveries of pesticide residues in fat.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.886-895
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• 2010

The level of fat and salt can affect the product quality and storage stability of processed meats. Additionally, consumers' demands require dietary guidelines for developing low-fat/salt functional foods. Microbial transglutaminase (MTGase), which enhances textural properties by catalyzing protein-protein cross-linkages, was introduced to develop healthier lowfat/salt meat products. The potential possibilities of low-fat/salt processed meats were reviewed under optimal conditions for functional ingredients from several previous studies. The addition of non-meat protein (e.g. sodium caseinate and soy protein isolates), hydrocolloids (e. g. konjac flour, carrageenan, and alginates), and MTGase alone or in combination with other functional ingredients improved textural and sensory properties similar to those of regularly processed meats. When MTGase was combined with hydrocolloids (konjac flour or sodium alginate) or other functional ingredients, gelling properties of meat protein were improved even at a low salt level. Based on these reviews, functional ingredients combined with new processing technologies could be incorporated into processed meats to improve the functionality of various low-fat/salt meat products.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.894-901
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• 2007

This study investigated the effects of cell cultured Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) supplementation and swimming exercise on lipid profiles and carnitine concentrations in C57BL/6J mice fed high fat diets. Male C57BL/6J mice (n=50), aged 4 weeks, were divided into 5 groups based on exercise and/or ASE supplementation (0.5 g/kg of body weight): normal diet (N-C), high fat diet (H-C), high fat diet non-supplement & exercise (H-NSE), high fat diet supplement & no exercise (H-SNE), high fat diet supplement & exercis (H-SE). Liver nonesterified carnitine (NEC) was significantly higher in the H-SNE group than in the H-C group, and liver total carnitine (TCNE) levels were significantly higher in the H-SNE group than in the H-NSE and H-SE groups. Liver and muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) mRNA levels tended to be higher with ASE supplementation and/or exercise. These results suggest that supplementation with ASE and/or exercise might have a role in improving lipid oxidation.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2003

The purpose of the study was to get the valuable data for developing the new natural fat soaps which have an excellent biodegradation performance. Thus, natural fat soaps mixed with the two types of detergents (AOS and LAS) on the various concentrations were made and the biodegradation of the samples were analysed by Dissolved Oxygen method using active sludge. Also, the results were compared with the commercial synthetic detergents and market soaps. The results from the study were the followings: 1. The plant fat soap and the wasted oil soap with the concentration of 5 mg/l and 15 mg/l had an excellent biodegradation rather than animal fat soap. 2. There was little difference among samples with the concentration of 5 mg/l, but there was much difference among them with the concentration of 15 mg/l. 3. The periods for consuming oxygen of wasted oil soap mixed AOS and LAS was the fastest.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.342-353
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• 2017

Purpose: This study evaluated the changes in nutritional status based on quality of life (QoL) item-level analysis to determine whether individual QoL responses might facilitate personal clinical impact. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated QoL data obtained by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Stomach (QLQ-STO22) as well as metabolic-nutritional data obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis and blood tests. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at the 5-year follow-up. QoL was analyzed at the level of the constituent items. The patients were categorized into vulnerable and non-vulnerable QoL groups for each scale based on their responses to the QoL items and changes in the metabolic-nutritional indices were compared. Results: Multiple shortcomings in the metabolic-nutritional indices were observed in the vulnerable groups for nausea/vomiting (waist-hip ratio, degree of obesity), dyspnea (hemoglobin, iron), constipation (body fat mass, percent body fat), dysphagia (body fat mass, percent body fat), reflux (body weight, hemoglobin), dry mouth (percent body fat, waist-hip ratio), and taste (body weight, total body water, soft lean mass, body fat mass). The shortcomings in a single index were observed in the vulnerable groups for emotional functioning and pain (EORTC QLQ-C30) and for eating restrictions (EORTC QLQ-STO22). Conclusions: Long-term postoperative QoL deterioration in emotional functioning, nausea/vomiting, pain, dyspnea, constipation, dysphagia, reflux, eating restrictions, dry mouth, and taste were associated with nutritional shortcomings. QoL item-level analysis, instead of scale-level analysis, may help to facilitate personalized treatment for individual QoL respondents.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.849-854
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• 2007

Body fat proportion is a major issue in health. The prevalence of obesity in childhood has been increasing on thesedays. A series of indirect estimates of body fat have been developed. There are hydrodensitometry, BIA and anthropometry equation for body fat. Hydrodensitometry has been regarded as a common criterion method. BIA made it possible to analyze body fat mass more related to hydrodensitometry than anthropometry. The purpose of this unvestigation were to compare body fat and other body composition between boys & girls and to know which anthropometry equation for body fat was most closely associated with BIA in boys & girls respectively. The subjects were 148 4th grade elementary school students(male:70, female:78). They underwent BIA(InBody 3.0, Biospace Korea)to determine body fat and other body composition. Anthropometric measurements were taken of height, weight, skinfolds and circumferences. The results obtained are summarized as follow: 1) Weight, BMI and Rohrer index were $39.9{\pm}7.2kg$, $20.5{\pm}8.0$, $138.2{\pm}17.0$ for boys and $35.9{\pm}6.7kg$, $18.2{\pm}2.6$, $96.6{\pm}13.6$ for girls. 2) Total body fat and percent body fat determined by BIA were $10.3{\pm}4.3kg$, $25.4{\pm}6.6%$ for the boys group and $9.3{\pm}3.8kg$, $25.1{\pm}6.0%$ for girls. 3) Mean triceps skinfold thickness was $20.5{\pm}6.1mm$ in boys, $17.0{\pm}5.1mm$ in girls and mean WHR was $0.88{\pm}0.4$ in bodys, $0.82{\pm}0.4$ in female and the values were significantly different by sex. 4) Correlational nanlyses showed that estimation of body fat by BIA measurement seemed to be closely associated with Rohere index(boys r=0.854, girls r=0.909). Kim's equation was highly correlated with the body fat in girls(r=0.910) but less correlated in boys(r=0.710). We need to develop specific anthropometric equations based on age and sex to determine body fat for children.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.621-628
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• 2012

The FAT-1 protein is an n-3 fatty acid desaturase, which can recognize a range of 18- and 20-carbon n-6 substrates and transform n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into n-3 PUFAs while n-3 PUFAs have beneficial effect on human health. Fat1 gene is the coding sequence from Caenorhabditis elegans which might play an important role on lipometabolism. To reveal the function of fat1 gene in bovine fetal fibroblast cells and gain the best cell nuclear donor for transgenic bovines, the codon of fat1 sequence was optimized based on the codon usage frequency preference of bovine muscle protein, and directionally cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pEF-GFP. After identifying by restrictive enzyme digests with AatII/XbaI and sequencing, the fusion plasmid pEF-GFP-fat1 was identified successfully. The pEF-GFP-fat1 vector was transfected into bovine fetal fibroblast cells mediated by Lipofectamine2000$^{TM}$. The positive bovine fetal fibroblast cells were selected by G418 and detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that a 1,234 bp transcription was amplified by reverse transcription PCR and the positive transgenic fat1 cell line was successfully established. Then the expression level of fat1 gene in positive cells was detected using quantitative PCR, and the catalysis efficiency was detected by gas chromatography. The results demonstrated that the catalysis efficiency of fat1 was significantly high, which can improve the total PUFAs rich in EPA, DHA and DPA. Construction and expression of pEF-GFP-fat1 vector should be helpful for further understanding the mechanism of regulation of fat1 in vitro. It could also be the first step in the production of fat1 transgenic cattle.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2014

Objectives : Onion (AlliumcepaL.) is one of the richest sources of flavonoids in human diet. In this study, we studied the effects of onion peel water extract (OPE) on the blood lipid profiles and glucose in rats. Methods : The experimental groups were divided with 5 groups (n = 6) of SD rats: normal diet + distilled water (NC), high-fat diet + Quercetin (PC), high-fat diet + onion peel water extract 4 mg/kg (OPE-4), high-fat diet + onion peel water extract 20 mg/kg (OPE-20), high-fat diet + onion peel water extract 100 mg/kg (OPE-100). Results : The liver fat showed significantly lower weights and size in the OPE-100 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05), The epididymal fat and retroperitoneal fat showed significantly lower weights and sizes in the OPE-4 and OPE-20 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05). The serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly lower in the OPE-4 and OPE-20 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05). The OPE-4 and OPE-20 group showed higher HDL cholesterol concentration than NC group (p<0.05). Atherogenic index of OPE-4 and OPE-20 group was significantly lower in as compared with NC group (p<0.05). The serum levels of glucose significantly lower in the OPE-20 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05). Conclusions : In these results, we suggests that onion peel water extracts supplementation can reduces the serum lipid components and improves the lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic SD rat induced with a high-fat diet.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.150-168
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the patterns of teenage girls who is easy to suffer from dysmenorrhea with the Inbody test results by Sasang constitutions. Methods: The data from the 1681 participants were collected using a structured menstrual history questionnaire. Based on the survey responses, we had 97 adolescents with menstrual disorder as the test group and 97 adolescents without menstrual disorder as the control group. The clinical trials subjects were asked to respond to another questionnaire for identifying their constitutional types and undergo Inbody test. Results: The result of a comparison of the test and control groups showed that there' no relevance to the body fat mass and body fat percentage with menstrual irregularities. The lesser yang person with menstrual irregularities was no relevance to the body fat percentage. The greater yin person with menstrual irregularities was especially lacking in body fat mass and body fat percentage. The lesser yin person with menstrual irregularities was poor in body fat mass. Conclusions: As for study, female high school students with menstrual disorders have nothing to do with muscle mass. Body fats shortage could pose problems. According to the study, Taeumin female high school students usually needed to higher body fat than a general standard. It seems to be needed more body fat and weight than modern standards in period of poor sexuality for having a normal menorrhea especially Taeumin. It will take some continuing study that BMI standards should be changed or not on the Sasang constitutions.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of Bangkibokryeong-tang (BBT, Fangjifuling-tang) on blood glucose and body fat in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Methods The experimental animals were divided into five groups- normal diet-fed control (ND), high-fat diet-fed control (HFD), HFD+BBT 75, HFD+BBT 150, and HFD+olistat as a positive drug control group. Markers of obesity, such as body weight, organ weight, diet efficiency, and serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid content, leptin, adiponectin, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)/glutamic pyruvic transferase (GPT)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood glucose, and insulin, were measured. Furthermore, results of the oral glucose tolerance test and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition activity were examined in obese mice. Results Mice treated with BBT demonstrate lower body and organ weight, and reduced weight gain and food efficiency than that in the HFD-only control group. In addition, BBT decreased lipid accumulation in the liver and the levels of enzymes such as GOT, GPT, and LDH in the serum. Furthermore, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and leptin were decreased in the serum but the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and adiponectin were increased in the BBT-treated group compared with the control group. The BBT-treated group also demonstrated decreased blood glucose and insulin concentrations induced by feeding on a high-fat diet and improved glucose tolerance. Conclusions Based on the results above, BBT may reduce body fat and hyperglycemia in HFD-induced obesity. This suggests that BBT may be clinically useful in the treatment of obesity.