• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.441-457
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to provide fundamental information for the development of new sex education image media through the analysis of those tools produced by Planned Parenthood Federation of Korea. Twenty three video tapes related to the sex education were analysed. The data were sampled on the basis of the sex education instructions for primary and secondary schools published by the Seoul Office of Education in 1996 and the list of sex education information composed by the Planned Parenthood Federation of Korea with the following requirements. 1) The education materials are oriented to the middle and high school students as well a juveniles and are being used in public health centers and schools. 2) The education materials are not confined to the single subject such as AIDS or contraception. Because this study is focused on the analysis of image media, an analysis method widely and effectively used in public media study was chosen. The frequency analysis and percentage treatment were done by an SAS program. The results of the study are as follows : 1. An analysis of the material structure type showed that the frequency of the following subjects in 15 video tapes, composed as drama and cartoon, had this decreasing orde : sex behavior, sex relation ships, sex health, human development, personal technique, and society and culture. 2. The eight tapes of explanation and counseling showed a different sequence from that of the drama and cartoon material, primarily treating human development with 5419 seconds (47.9%) of type. The following were also considered in decreasing order: at 2000seconds (17.6%) sex behavior, at 1366 seconds (12.1%) sex health, at 1240 seconds (11.0%) society and culture, at 667 seconds (6.0%) relation ships, and at 611 seconds (5.4%) personal technique. 3. In a thematic analysis those education materials dealing with human development show this frequency sequence: anatomic physiology, reproduction, and adolescence. In relation, ships the sequence is dates, love, marriage and vows, and family. For personal technique, it is expressed as asking for help, and an empnasis on moral values. For sex behavior, they focus on abstinence, the co-responsibility of sex behavior, the sexual response of the human, and sexual nightmares. For the sex health area, the focus is contraception with abortion and reproductive health following that. In society and culture diversity is considered. 4. An analysis of the differences in production and content between 1980s and 1990s was also done. For materials produced in the 1980s the frequency of the subjects follows this order: sex behavior, human development, relation ships, sex health, personal technique, and society and culture with sub subjects such as abstinence, dating, adolescence, anatomic physiology, reproduction, calls for help, and the sexual response of a human being. For materials produced in the 1990s, highest frequency was sex behavior, the same as the 1980s. The rest of the material follows this decreasing order: relationships, human development, sex health, society and culture, and personal technique with sub subjects such as dating, co-resposibility in sex behavior, abstinence, and love frequently considered.

• 한국인구학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.99-145
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• 1987

장래의 가구변동은 인구의 규모와 구조에 영향을 미치는 출생, 사망의 변동뿐만 아니라 가족에 대한 사회적인 가치관의 변화에서 오는 동거구조 등 가구 자체의 변동과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 이 논문의 목적은 기존의 국내외에서 적용되고 있는 여러 가지 가구추계방법을 검토한 후, 우리 나라에 가장 적합한 가구추계방법을 찾고 이를 적용해보는 데 있다. 추계방법의 선정에 있어서 주의해야 할 점은 우리 나라와 같이 급격한 사회변동을 겪을 경우 장래가구 추계시 사용되는 원자료가 심한 기복을 보이기 때문에 이를 감안하여야 한다는 점이다. 기존 추계방법의 검토 결과 우리 나라에 적합한 가구추계방법으로서 연령별로 이원화된 방법, 즉 가구주의 연령이 34세 이하에 대해서는 지수함수법을, 그리고 35세 이상에 대해서는 순천이율법이 가장 타당한 것으로 나타났으며, 이를 장래 가구추계에 적용해보았다. 그 결과 우리 나라의 가구규모는 1995년 12,956천 가구에서 2030년에는 54%가 증가한 20,006천 가구가 될 것으로 전망되며, 평균가구원수는 1995년 3.3명에서 2030년에는 2.5명 수준으로 낮아질 것으로 전망된다. 우리 나라 장래 가구형태는 1인가구의 급격한 증가와 3세대 이상의 다세대가구는 감소하는 특징을 보이고 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 1989

Rapid socio-cultural and economic changes in the country has brought with it changes in the society's value system. For a traditional society that is increasingly being exposed to modernization but where sex norms are still very restrictive, the adolescent sexual mores takes on added significance. Adolescents are caught between two opposing forces, the changing environment that allows for freer and liberal mores and the traditional society that cannot keep pace with the changing environment and therefore demands resistance to changes. This paper focuses on problems of adolescent sexuality in this country and considers the countermeasures for the existing problems. Amongst the problems are: (a) increasingly younger age of the adolescents who start sexual intercourse (b) non-use of contraception, (c) unwanted pregnancies, (d) increase in the number of induced abortion and (e) increase in the number of unwanted children and unmarried mothers. The Korean adolescent's sexual behavior seems to follow that of the developed countries. In other words, many western modes of life and sexual values seem to bave been copied in Korea and yet Korean adolescents lack in their knowledge of sex related matters such as reproductive physiology and contraception. Among middle and high school students, female students are reported to have less knowledge on sex than male students according to a 1988 survey by KIPH. Even among the unmarried famale factory workers, only 42.5 percent replied they know of the condom, and 25.1 percent and 23.1 percent said they had knowledge of spermicide and menstrual regulation respectively. However, 14.9 percent and 13.9 percent reported that they had a knowledge of the loop and female sterilization respectively according to the 1984 study by KIPH. Among the middle school students 0.8 percent said they had experience in sexual intercourse, while 7.3 percent of the high school students reported having had sexual intercourse. The sexual intercourse experience rate among the unmarried female factory workers is 37.8 percent. Among those female factory workers with sexual experience, 46.7 percent had more than one sex partners. Only 39.1 percent of male students and 18.9 percent of female students among those with sexual intercourse experience have used contraceptives. mostly condoms and oral pills 45.1 percent of female factory workers with sexual intercourse experience used contraceptives such as pills, condoms and rhythm methods. The pregnancy experience rate among the female factory workers who had experience in sexual intercourse is 29.5 percent, which is 11.1 percent among the total respondents. Out of the 102 pregnant female workers, 98 workers(96.1 percent) terminated their pregnancy by induced abortion and 2 workders(2 percent) in natural abortion, while 1 worker(1 percent) was in pregnancy and another 1 worker had normal birth that was subsequently sent to orphanage. In order to cope with the problem of adolescent sexuality, a drastic and strong policy measures should be taken by the government. The most effective countermeasure to the adolescent sexual problems appears to the education. The sex and population education in the school is very much in need. In addition, sex education program through mass media and at the job sit-should be promoted for a healthy development of adolescents' sexual behavior. Also, the existing national family planning program, which has focused on the married couples, should be extended to the unmarried people in its scope and contents of the program.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1996

Correlations of adolescents' blood pressure with dietary factors and blood or urinary electrolytes were investigated in this study. Through the screening for blood pressures of 960 middle school students aged 13-16 years, 30 students with the mean value of SBP and DBP above 96th percentile(high blood pressure group) and the other 30 with the mean blood pressure between 48th and 52th percentiles(normal blood pressure group) were selected as the subjects. SBP/DBP of the high and talc normal blood pressure groups were $141.8{\pm}9.0$ / $83.6{\pm}5.1$ mmHg and $116.4{\pm}3.5$ / $69.8{\pm}3.7 mmHg$, respectively. The average values of age, weight, height, BMI, degree of relative crude physical activity, and family income were not different between two groups. Among nutrients for which intakes were determined by 24 hour-recall and expressed as percent RDA, intakes of total and animal calcium were lower in the high blood pressure group compared to the normal, and were negatively correlated with both SBP and DBP even when the effects of related general and other dietary factors were excluded. Whereas energy, total, animal and vegetable protein, total and animal lipid, and riboflavin were higher in intake in the high blood pressure group than in fille normal, and they were in positive correlations with SBP and/or DBP. Vitamin A and ascorbic acid intakes were also negatively correlated with DBP, though ascorbic acid intake was not different between two groups. High blood pressure group preferred higher concentration of thin rice gruel than normal group and talc preferred salt concentrations was ill positive correlation with SBP. Serum and urinary levels of Ca, Mg, Ca/Mg ratio, Na, K and Na/K ratio did not show any differences between two groups. However serum Ca/Mg retio was in negative and se겨m Mg was ill positive correlations with SBP, and urinary Na excretion was negatively correlated with SBP. Calcium intake showed negative correlation with serum Ha and Na/K ratio. Our data indicated that dietary intake of Ca, energy, protein, lipid, vitamin A and C as well as salt preference were associated with blood pressure in adolescents. It might be assumed that Ca lowered blood pressure by increasing serum Ca/Mg ratio and decreasing serum Ca/K ratio though urinary excretion of Na.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2012

Presently, the most promising family of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics is based on $K_{0.5}Na_{0.5}NbO_3$(KNN). Lithium, silver and antimony co-doped KNN ceramics show high piezoelectric properties at room temperature, but often suffer from abnormal grain growth. In the present work, the $(Ba_{0.85}Ca_{0.15})(Ti_{0.88}Zr_{0.12})O_3$ component, which has relaxor ferroelectric characteristics, was doped to suppress the abnormal grain growth. To investigate this effect, Lead-Free $0.95(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})_{0.95}Li_{0.05}NbO_3-(0.05-x)AgSbO_3-x(Ba_{0.85}Ca_{0.15})(Ti_{0.88}Zr_{0.12})O_3$[KNLN-AS-xBCTZ] piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by ball mill and nanosized-milling processes in lead-Free $0.95(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})_{0.95}Li_{0.05}NbO_3-(0.05-x)AgSbO_3$ in order to suppress the abnormal grain growth. The nanosized milling process of calcined powders enhanced the sintering density. The phase structure, microstructure, and ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the KNLN-AS ceramics were systematically investigated. XRD patterns for the doped and undoped samples showed perovskite phase while tetragonality was increased with increasing BCZT content, which increase was closely related to the decrease of TO-T. Dense and uniform microstructures were observed for all of the doped BCZT ceramics. After the addition of BCTZ, the tetragonal-cubic and orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transitions shifted to lower temperatures compared to those for the pure KNNL-AS. A coexistence of the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases was hence formed in the ceramics with x = 0.02 mol at room temperature, leading to a significant enhancement of the piezoelectric properties. For the composition with x = 0.02 mol, the piezoelectric properties showed optimum values of: $d_{33}$ = 185 pC/N, $k_P$ = 41%, $T_C=325^{\circ}C$, $T_{O-T}=-4^{\circ}C$.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제32권
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• pp.247-293
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• 2006

이 연구는 근대 의약품 광고에 드러난 신체 담론에 관한 연구이다. 최근 근대 형성기에 대한 미시적 접근은 일상사의 영역연구에서 두드러지는데, 일상적인 영역이야말로 사람들의 구체적인 경험이기 때문이다. 특히 근대 광고에는 당시 생활세계를 구성했던 대중문화, 소비문화, 성, 가족, 의 식 주, 질병 등의 구체적인 영역이 고스란히 담겨있다. 근대 이후 일상생활의 재조직화에서 신체는 이전까지 상속되고 신분적 질서에 의해 규정되었던 전근대적인 신체와 달리 어떤 규칙과 가치 속에서 자신의 신체를 자기 스스로 만들고 조립하여야 하는 근대적인 신체로 변화했다. 이 연구는 의약품 광고를 통해서 그 당시 사람들이 자신의 신체를 어떻게 인식하는지를 분석하고자 했고 분석방법으로 푸코의 담론형성이론을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 근대 초기의 의약품 광고 각각의 텍스트를 가로지르는 몇 가지 공통의 규칙, 즉 담론-장치를 찾을 수 있었고, 그 규칙성 속에서 의약품 광고가 근대적 아픔의 주체를 구성하는 과정을 살필 수 있었다. 근대 의약품 광고에 투영된 '임상의학적 시선의 내면화'와 '자기감시'라는 규율 권력적 요소는 '근대적 아픔의 주체' 형성에 기여했고, 사회 권력과 접합된 방식으로 표상되기도 했다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2014

Larrea nitida is a plant that belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family and is widely used in South America to treat inflammatory diseases, tumors and menstrual pain. However, its pharmacological activity remains unclear. In this study we evaluated the property of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of Larrea nitida extracts (LNE) as a phytoestrogen that can mimic, modulate or disrupt the actions of endogenous estrogens, depending on the tissue and relative amount of other SERMs. To investigate the property of SERM of LNE, we performed MCF-7 cell proliferation assays, estrogen response element (ERE)-luciferase reporter gene assay, human estrogen receptor (hER) binding assays and in vivo uterotrophic assay. To gain insight into the active principles, we performed a bioassay-guided analysis of LNE employing solvents of various polarities and using classical column chromatography, which yielded 16 fractions (LNs). LNE showed high binding affinities for $hER{\alpha}$ and $hER{\beta}$ with $IC_{50}$ values of $1.20{\times}10^{-7}$ g/ml and $1.00{\times}10^{-7}$ g/ml, respectively. LNE induced $17{\beta}$-estradiol (E2)-induced MCF-7 cell proliferation, however, it reduced the proliferation in the presence of E2. Furthermore, LNE had an atrophic effect in the uterus of immature rats through reducing the expression level of progesterone receptor (PR) proteins. LN08 and LN10 had more potent affinities for binding on $hER{\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ than other fractions. Our results indicate that LNE had higher binding affinities for $hER{\beta}$ than $hER{\alpha}$, and showed SERM properties in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the rat uterus. LNE may be useful for the treatment of estrogen-related conditions, such as female cancers and menopause.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 교과서 평가기준에 반영된 교과 관점의 중요성을 탐색하고, 현재 실과(기술 가정) 교육과정에 제시된 관점과 교과서 평가기준과의 관련성과 더불어 향후 교과서 평가기준을 방향을 설정하는 것이었다. 따라서 본 연구의 내용은 실과(기술 가정) 교과서 평가기준을 분석하고, 교과서 평가기준에서의 교과 관점의 의미를 탐색하며, 2007 개정 교육과정 및 2011 개정 교육과정에 지속적으로 제시된 교과 관점을 도출하고, 교육과정과 교과서 평가기준에서 강조하고 있는 관점의 관련성을 분석하며, 마지막으로 향후 교과서 평가기준 개발 방향을 제시하는 것을 포함하고 있다. 교과서 평가기준은 교과서 개발을 위한 교과관점을 제공하고, 교과의 주요 개념과 가치를 전달하며, 교사교육의 방향을 제시해 줄 수 있다는 점에서 중요한 의미를 가진다. 본 연구에서 교육과정 분석을 통해 도출된 교과 관점들은 관리역량, 생활역량, 실천적 경험, 개인과 가족을 이해하기 위한 통합역량, 생활문제해결, 그리고 진로 및 생애설계이다. 향후 국가 수준의 교육과정에서 제시된 교과 관점들에 터하여 교과서 평가기준의 항목들을 개발할 필요가 있으며, 학습 자료 평가기준뿐만 아니라, 교수 학습 방법, 교사 활동 평가 등 다양한 평가 틀에 교과 관점들이 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.667-675
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• 2016

본 연구는 수단-목적사슬이론에 입각하여 노인정신장애인의 사회복지서비스 이용행동에 대한 예측을 시도하는 것이다. 노인정신장애인들이 새로운 요보호대상 인구집단으로 부상함에도 불구하고, 지역사회 차원에서 이들을 위한 사회복지서비스들이 부재함에 문제의식을 가지고, 노인정신장애인을 위한 사회복지서비스 개발을 위하여 수단-목적사슬이론에 입각하여 서비스 이용행동을 분석해 보았다. 인터뷰 대상자는 노인정신장애인 15명이였으며, 이들을 통해 도출된 내용은 속성 7개, 혜택 10개, 가치 11개였다. 프로그램 이용에 대한 가치단계도는 '질병관리, 사회복귀 준비, 취미 여가 ${\rightarrow}$ 건강유지, 삶의 활용 ${\rightarrow}$ 사회복귀, 생활 만족도, 원만한 가정생활'로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해서 노인정신장애인들이 사회복귀시설 프로그램을 이용할 때 가지는 인지구조를 경험적으로 확인할 수 있게 되었다. 노인정신장애인들은 질병관리나 사회 복귀를 준비하기 위해서 이용할 뿐 아니라 노년기에 느끼게 되는 삶의 무료함을 해결하기 위하여 이용하고 있음도 확인되었다. 그리고 어떤 프로그램을 이용하더라도 삶의 활력을 중요한 혜택으로 고려하고 있었다. 향후 정신보건영역에서 노인정신장애인을 위한 사회복지 프로그램을 개발할 때, 정신장애인으로 이용하게 되는 질병 관리나 지역사회 적응 뿐만 아니라 취미여가를 개발할 수 있는 다양한 여가문화 프로그램도 고려할 필요가 있다. 그리고 프로그램의 주요한 성과 중 하나로 삶의 활력을 설정하고 이를 성취할 수 있는 프로그램 개발도 이루어질 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2003

Objectives : Dementia has emerged as a leading public health problem in elderly persons, and its early detection is important for the treatment of curable cases, and in the educational support for other family members. Although dementia screening tests are available, they have not gained widespread use in community or primary care settings. Our goal was to validate the Tine and Change (T&C) Test, -including its validity and reliability in patients, and to assess it as a simple, standardized method for the screening of dementia in the rural elderly. Methods : The participants in this study comprised of 59 patients from an urban hospital and 405 persons from a rural community aged 65 years or older. The time test evaluated the understanding of clock hands indicating 11:10, and the change test the ability to make 1,000 Won from a group of coins, consisting of one 500, seven 100, and seven 50 Won coins. The T&C ratings were validated against a reference standard based on the physician's diagnosis of the patients. The convergent validity in relation to other cognitive measure, test-retest agreement, and inter-observer reliability were assessed. To assess the relationship between the Korean Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) and the T&C Test, the mean K-MMSE scores were compared with the results of the T&C Test in the elderly from a rural community. Results The T&C Test had a sensitivity and specificity of 73.0, and 90.9%, and positive and negative predictive values of 93.1, and 66.7%, respectively. The test-retest and inter-observer agreement rates were both 95%. The K-MMSE scores and T&C Test were significantly related in the elderly from a rural community (p<0.01), The T&C Test was not influenced by the educational status. The Time and Change Tests took a mean of 6.3 and 12.7 seconds, respectively, to complete Conclusion : The T&C Test is a simple, accurate and reliable, performance-based tool in the screening for dementia. Because it is quick, and easy-to-use, it is hoped the T&C Test will be used for the widespread cognitive screening of aging populations.