• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.239-251
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• 2009

This study aims to examine how much Korean's family value orientations and gender role attitudes are different from those of U.S.A., Sweden, and Japan, and how demographic variables influence family value orientations and gender role attitudes across the countries. By using 2004 Korea General Social Survey data and 2002 International Social Survey Program family module, multiple regression analyses showed that Korean's family value orientations and gender role attitudes were much more traditional than those of U.S.A., Sweden, and Japan, even after controlling demographic variables. Furthermore, each country showed a distinct pattern in the impact of demographic variables on family value orientations and gender role attitudes. Among the demographic variables, age and marital status were statistically significant indicators of family value orientations for all the countries. However, gender, the year of education, and employment status effected on family value orientations only in some countries. The findings of this study showed that Korea was still traditional in terms of family value orientations and gender role attitudes, compared with U.S.A, Sweden, and Japan. Although family value orientations were more traditional in Korea than in the other countries, all the countries showed similar patterns of explaining mechanism in the effect of demographic variables on family value orientations. People who were men and married were likely to be more traditional than those who were women and unmarried. However, gender role attitudes showed interesting results. All the demographic variables were significant predictors of gender role attitudes for Korea, whereas only some of demographic variables were statistically significant indicators of gender role attitudes for other countries. That is, Korean society showed strong attitudinal differences on the basis of demographic variables. The implication of these differences was discussed.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.539-560
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• 2020

This study presents work-family multiple-role planning by female university students as a new approach to worklife balance. Accordingly, this study examines university years as a key time frame during which students establish their career paths. This study integrates the social cognitive career theory and the planned behavior theory to design and evaluate a model that explains the work-family multiple-role planning process; in addition, it develops an optimal model to predict the intentions of female university students in work-family multiple-role planning. This study has conducted a structural survey with 500 female university students. After inspecting the data, the responses of 435 participants were used in the data analysis (SEM) with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. The findings include the following. First, suitability of predictive model presents a satisfying fit. The major factors in this study's model (parental support, subjective norms, attitudes toward multiple-role planning, career decision self-efficacy, and outcome expectations) are verified as direct and indirect predictors of the work-family multiple-role planning intent of female university students. Second, the strongest predictive factor for the work-family multiple-role planning intent is the social environment factor (subjective norms), indicating that the influence of social pressure on intent is relatively large. The predictive model formulated under this study's integrated theoretical framework supplements existing research that focused on attitudes toward multiple-role planning as well as provides a more profound theoretical foundation on which work-family multiple-role planning behaviors can be better understood.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.441-450
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• 2016

This study examined how parental role stress, family cohesion, and family adaptation of mothers who have adolescent children influenced parental efficacy. The subjects were 739 mothers of 370 junior high school and 369 senior high school children. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis after analyzing the data. The results of the study were as follows. First, mothers with high incomes, high educational level, and children with high school grades saw an increase in parental efficacy. Second, there were significant positive correlations in parental role stress, family cohesion, family adaptation and the parental efficacy of mothers. Third, the results of this study showed that parental role stress, family cohesion, and family adaptation were factors to understand the parental efficacy of mothers. Family cohesion was also an important factor to understand the parental efficacy of mothers. The findings confirm that the anxiety of parental role stress for mothers who have adolescent children is not a negative factor in regards to lower parental efficacy. The findings suggest that parental education programs for mothers of adolescent children and a required social welfare system for parental roles was not recognized as a stress factor.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.307-319
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• 2013

The purposes of this study are to examine the differences of gender role identity according to general characteristics, parenting behavior, and family function, and to find out the main predictors of gender role identity, in order to further test the mediating effects of family function between parenting behavior and gender role identity among middle school students. Six hundred-fifty 3rd graders from three middle schools in Busan participated in this study. The results showed that the significant variables for predicting the masculinity of gender role identity include family cohesion, and parenting behaviors (father's reasoning, mother's over-expectation) and monthly household income, respectively. The significant variables for predicting femininity were family cohesion, and father's intrusive parenting behaviors, father's educational background and the mother's affection, respectively. The results indicated that for masculinity, family cohesion played the full mediator with the father's monitoring behavior and the partial mediator with the father's reasoning behavior. Similarly, for the mother's reasoning and affection, family cohesion played a full mediator. For femininity, the family cohesion played the full mediator with the father's affection and the partial mediator with the mother's affection. Similarly, for androgyny, the family cohesion played a role of full mediator with the father's monitoring, reasoning, affection and mother's reasoning and affection. In other words, the parents'positive parenting behaviors affected the family cohesion, and in turn, had an impact on the formation of the gender role identity.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.105-124
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• 2013

This study investigated the influence that the family rituals of unmarried males and females have on satisfaction with life and family role salience, recognizing the necessity to illuminate perceptions related to the original families of unmarried males and females through more diverse perspectives. Questionnaires were given to 601 unmarried male and female adults over 20 years of age. For data analysis, SPSS Win 18.0 was used, and the results are summarized as follows. First, the males and females were divided into three groups: "family with inactive family rituals", "family with active family rituals" or "family with moderate family rituals". There was a significant difference in family role salience depending on family type. Second, family type was classified as a degree of "relation" through common points of two variables, and each group was named as having a family with "satisfying relations," "general relations," or "deficient relations." Third, in the case of males, life satisfaction was high when the level of family economy was high, when parents' first marriage and family actively participated in family rituals.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.147-162
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• 1998

This study constructed a family life education program designed to help dual-earner couples reduce their role strain. This program is consisted of 6 sessions aiming for understanding the multidimensional affecting factors of role strain, strengthening family system, sharing the housework, managing time effectively reducing the additional role and adjusing standard, maintaining desirable attitude on work and family. We expect this program to be helpful in reducing dual-earner families' role strain and the active using of role strain coping strategies.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of gender role attitudes and family service utilization on self-esteem among single parents. This study used data from the seventh wave of Korean Welfare Panel Study and analyzed 90 single parents. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that health status, economic situation, gender role attitudes, and non-monetary family welfare service had significant effects on single parents' self-esteem. Single parents who had higher traditional gender role attitudes show lower levels of self-esteem. Also use of a non-monetary family service increased the levels of self-esteem. However, use of a monetary family service was not significantly associated with the levels of self-esteem. The findings indicate that services and programs to promote single parents' gender role flexibility should be developed. Also, it is necessary to establish a service system to reduce multiple role stress among single parents.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.201-210
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• 2001

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine role and license of family welfare specialist and suggest in the occurrence of domestic violence crime family welfare specialist compulsory intervention rules legislate in the Domestic Violence Law. As for the methodology of the study, by a plan of the role and intervention of family welfare specialist on the Domestic Violence Law. First, role and its license of family welfare specialist, second, intervention for domestic violence defense of family welfare specialist system, third, for support legislation of family welfare specialist on the Domestic Violence Law. Namely, family welfare specialist of role in a report obligation of domestic violence accident, family welfare specialist of intervention in an emergency aid process of police, family welfare specialist of intervention in decision process of a court, family welfare specialist of intervention in the nation obligation in regard to domestic violence accident, family welfare specialist of intervention in the domestic violence counselling center. Finally, for the successful outcome of the role and intervention of family welfare specialist on the Domestic Violence Law, after all, not only the fulfillment of the condition of the system described above but also changes in peoples understanding are important.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.425-433
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• 2018

This study investigates the effect of gender role attitude and work family balance on life stress for married career women. We also explore the mediating effect of marital intimacy on the relation between gender role attitude, work family balance, and life stress. The subjects were married women from the five year data of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family (KLoWF). Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, structural equational models, and Sobel test with SPSS software ver. 23.0, and Amos software ver. 23.0. The findings are as follows. First, gender role attitude had a direct effect on life stress, but work family balance had no significant effect on life stress. Second, marital intimacy mediated between gender role attitude, work family balance, and life stress. In conclusion, the results can be used as basic data to prevent life stress in married career women and increase marital intimacy.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.263-274
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• 2017

The purposes of this study were to verify the longitudinal mediating effects of work-family balance on the relationship of role recognition in the family, marital intimacy and job satisfaction of married women, and to introduce longitudinal mediating effects by using latent growth curve modeling and autoregressive cross-lagged modeling. The subjects were married women from the third year data of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family. Structural equational models were conducted with Amos ver. 21.0. The major findings are as follows. First, the result of the longitudinal mediating effects of latent growth modeling is the rate of change of work-family balance mediated between the rate of change of role recognition in the family and the rate of change of job satisfaction, and the rate of change of work-family balance mediated between the rate of change of marital intimacy and the rate of change of job satisfaction. Second, when using the autoregressive cross-lagged modeling, the more role recognition and marital intimacy of third year were the more work-family balance of fourth year, job satisfaction of fifth year. In both models, work-family balance mediated between role recognition in the family, marital intimacy and job satisfaction. Therefore, through this study, mediating effects of work-family balance can be found that there was a longitudinal effects.