• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.785-802
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• 2024

Given M a monoid with a neutral element e. We show that the solutions of d'Alembert's functional equation for n × n matrices Φ(pr, qs) + Φ(sp, rq) = 2Φ(r, s)Φ(p, q), p, q, r, s ∈ M are abelian. Furthermore, we prove under additional assumption that the solutions of the n-dimensional mixed vector-matrix Wilson's functional equation $$\begin{cases}f(pr, qs) + f(sp, rq) = 2\phi(r, s)f(p, q),\\Φ(p, q) = \phi(q, p),{\quad}p, q, r, s {\in} M\end{cases}$$ are abelian. As an application we solve the first functional equation on groups for the particular case of n = 3.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

The nomenclature of genetic variants of casein which is major protein in milk have had a lot of confusion, but now have established. Genetic variants of ${\alpha}_{s1}-CN,\;{\alpha}_{s2}-CN,\;{\beta}-CN,\;{\kappa}-CN$ have reported 8 variants(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H), 4 variants(A, B, C, D), 13 variants ($A_1,\;A_2,\;A_3,\;A_4$, B, C, D, E, F, G, $H_1,\;H_2$, I), 11 variants(A, B, C, E, $F_1,\;F_2,\;G_1,\;G_2$, H, I, J), respectively. Their data detailed have introduced in several web sites including www.uniprot.org. The studies on genetic variants of casein from Korean native cattle have been reported only ${\beta}-casein\;A_4$ but still not established the protein sequence. The classification and distinct nomenclature of genetic variants of bovine casein were required because the development of milk science and technology have been focused in the region that have to studied biochemically such as functional foods, EMC and GMO et al.

• 한국사이버테러정보전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국사이버테러정보전학회 2004년도 제1회 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.175-180
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• 2004

2003년 초, 소빅 웜이 발견되었다. 이후 계속적인 변종이 발견되었으며, win32.sobig.F는 많은 피해를 야기하였다. 또한 간단하게 수정된 변종 웜들(넷스카이 웜과 베이글 웜의 경쟁적인 변종 웜)의 출현으로 심각한 피해가 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 소빅 웜과 변종 웸들을 분석하고 이를 중심으로 향후 발생할 악성코드의 발전 동향을 미리 예측하여 1.25 인터넷 대란과 같은 사고를 예방하고자 한다.

• 전기의세계
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.204-208
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• 1982

The objective of this paper is to present a digital method for improving the lateral resolution of the B-scan images in the medical applications of ultrasound. The method is based upon a mathematical model of the lateral blurring caused by the finite beam width of the transducers. This model provides a simple method of applying a recursive scheme for image restoration with fast computation time. The point spread function (P.S.F.) can be measured by the reflective signals after scanning the small pins located along the depth of interest. From the measured P.S.F., one can compute the coefficient matrices of the inverse discrete-time dynamic state variable equation of the blurring process. Then, a recursive scheme for deblurring is applied to the recorded B-scan to improve the lateral resolution. One major advantage of the present recursive scheme over the transform method is in its applicability for the space-variant imaging, such as in the case of the rotational movement of transducer.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.663-677
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new class of rings containing the class of SFT-rings and contained in the class of rings with Noetherian prime spectrum. Let A be a commutative ring with unit and I be an ideal of A. We say that I is SFT if there exist an integer k ≥ 1 and a finitely generated ideal F ⊆ I of A such that x^k ∈ F for every x ∈ I. The ring A is said to be nonnil-SFT, if each nonnil-ideal (i.e., not contained in the nilradical of A) is SFT. We investigate the nonnil-SFT variant of some well known theorems on SFT-rings. Also we study the transfer of this property to Nagata's idealization and the amalgamation algebra along an ideal. Many examples are given. In fact, using the amalgamation construction, we give an infinite family of nonnil-SFT rings which are not SFT.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제81권4호
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• pp.395-409
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• 2022

The presence of infill generally neglected in design despite the fact that infill contribution significantly increase the lateral stiffness and strength of the reinforced concrete frame structure. Several experimental studies and computational models have been proposed to capture the rational response of infill-frame interaction at global level. However, limited studies are available on explicit finite element modelling to study the local behavior due to high computation and convergence issues in numerical modelling. In the current study, the computational modelling of RC frames is done with various configurations of infill masonry in terms of types of blocks, lateral loading and reinforcement detailing employed with material nonlinearities, interface contact issues and bond-slip phenomenon particularly near the beam-column joints. To this end, extensive computational modelling of five variant characteristics test specimens extracted from the detailed experimental program available in literature and process through nonlinear static analysis in FEM code, ATENA generally used to capture the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete structures. Results are presented in terms of damage patterns and capacity curves by employing the finest possible detail provided in the experimental program. Comparative analysis shows that good correlation amongst the experimental and numerical simulated results both in terms of capacity and crack patterns.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.77-80
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• 2004

For the development of the alternative control system against the major forest pests, Beauveria spp. F-101, isolated from a dead larva of Thecodiplosis japonensis, was selected because this isolate showed high pathogenicities against T. japonensis and Acantholyda parki. Beauveria spp. F-101 had irregular clustered conidio-phores and conidia borne on a distinctive apical zigzag extension, and it showed typical characteristic of the genus, Beauveria in morphology. For molecular based-identification, the ribosomal ITS region of Beauveria spp. F-101 was amplified with ITS1 and ITS4 primers, and cloned into pGEM- T Easy vector. The amplified PCR product was 569 bp in size and completely sequenced. The similarities of the cloned ITS sequence were 99 ％ and 97％ to those of B. bassiana and B. brongniartii, respectively. In comparison to other species among the genus Beauveria, the ITS region of Beauveria spp. F-101 showed a similarity of 95％ to B. amorpha, 95％ to B. tenella, 89％ to B. vermiconia and 69％ to B. alba, respectively. In addition, in comparison to different genus, it had 95％ similarities to Cordyceps militaris and 91％ to Paecilomyces tenuipes. Accordingly, the current result suggests that Beauveria spp. F-101 was a variant of B. bassiana and it seems to be a new isolate considering sequence variation in ITS region.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2018

Mutations in spliceosome components have been implicated in carcinogenesis of various types of cancer. One of the most frequently found is U2AF1 S34F missense mutation. Functional analyses of this mutation have been largely limited to hematological malignancies although the mutation is also frequently seen in other cancer types including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We examined the impact of knockdown (KD) of wild type (wt) U2AF1 and ectopic expression of two splice variant S34F mutant proteins in terms of alternative splicing (AS) pattern and cell cycle progression in A549 lung cancer cells. We demonstrate that induction of distinct AS events and disruption of mitosis at distinct sub-stages result from KD and ectopic expression of the mutant proteins. Importantly, when compared with the splicing pattern seen in LUAD patients with U2AF1 S34F mutation, ectopic expression of S34F mutants but not KD was shown to result in common AS events in several genes involved in cell cycle progression. Our study thus points to an active role of U2AF1 S34F mutant protein in inducing cell cycle dysregulation and mitotic stress. In addition, alternatively spliced genes which we describe here may represent novel potential markers of lung cancer development.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2010

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are very harmful to living organisms due to the potential oxidation of membrane lipids, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates. transformed E.coli strain QC 871, superoxide dismutase (SOD) double-mutant, with three sequence variant MnSOD1, MnSOD2, and MnSOD3 manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene isolated from wheat. Although all QC 871 transformants grown at $37^{\circ}C$ expressed mRNA of MnSOD variants, only MnSOD2 transformant had functional SOD activity. MnSOD3 expressed active protein when grown at $22^{\circ}C$, however, MnSOD1 did not express functional protein at any growing and induction conditions. The sequence comparison of the wheat MnSOD variants revealed that the only amino acid difference between the sequence MnSOD2 and sequences MnSOD1 and 3 is phenylalanine/serine at position 58 amino acid. We made MnSOD2S58F gene, which was made by altering the phenylalaine to serine at position 58 in MnSOD2. The expressed MnSOD2S58F protein had functional SOD activity, even at higher levels than the original MnSOD2 at all observed temperatures. These data suggest that amino acid variation can result in highly active forms of MnSOD and the MnSOD2S58F gene can be an ideal target used for transforming crops to increase tolerance to environmental stresses.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2015

Mutations of MYO15A are generally known to cause severe to profound hearing loss throughout all frequencies. Here, we found two novel MYO15A mutations, c.3871C>T (p.L1291F) and c.5835T>G (p.Y1945X) in an affected individual carrying congenital profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) through targeted resequencing of 134 known deafness genes. The variant, p.L1291F and p.Y1945X, resided in the myosin motor and IQ2 domains, respectively. The p.L1291F variant was predicted to affect the structure of the actin-binding site from three-dimensional protein modeling, thereby interfering with the correct interaction between actin and myosin. From the literature analysis, mutations in the N-terminal domain were more frequently associated with residual hearing at low frequencies than mutations in the other regions of this gene. Therefore we suggest a hypothetical genotype-phenotype correlation whereby MYO15A mutations that affect domains other than the N-terminal domain, lead to profound SNHL throughout all frequencies and mutations that affect the N-terminal domain, result in residual hearing at low frequencies. This genotype-phenotype correlation suggests that preservation of residual hearing during auditory rehabilitation like cochlear implantation should be intended for those who carry mutations in the N-terminal domain and that individuals with mutations elsewhere in MYO15A require early cochlear implantation to timely initiate speech development.