• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 비젼을 이용한 영상처리 기술을 기반으로 운전자의 피로도를 측정하여 졸음운전을 판단하는 실시간 비젼시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 얼굴 영상 분석과 퍼지 이론을 이용하여 운전자의 졸음 또는 부주의함을 경고함으로서 교통사고를 미연에 방지하는 시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 얼굴 탐색 알고리즘 개발을 위해 퍼지 색상 필터와 가상 얼굴 모형을 이용하여 얼굴 위치 및 눈 영역을 보다 빠르게 검출하고, 눈 깜박임의 빈도수(eye blinking frequency)와 눈의 닫힘 지속 기간(eye closure duration)을 측정하는 방법은 제안한다. 그 다음, 측정된 데이터를 기반으로 퍼지논리를 사용하여 운전자의 피로도를 결정하고 졸음운전 여부를 판단하는 방법을 제안한다. 마지막으로 제안된 방법은 여러 실험을 통해 그 우수성과 응용 가능성을 증명한다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

하천은 육지 표면에서 일정한 물길을 따라 흐르는 물줄기를 의미하며, 하천 매핑 작업은 하천유역의 지형 변화 연구 및 하천 유역의 홍수 모니터링 연구 등에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 하천의 수위변화로 인한 유역 내 지표면의 수위 및 유량의 불균일성 등으로 인하여, 기존의 지반조사 기술은 하천 매핑 작업에 효과적이지 않다. 공간 정보 자료는 해당 지역에 접근하지 않고도 해당 지역에 관한 지형적인 정보를 획득할 수 있어서, 하천 지형 조사 및 하천 측량 등 하천 유역의 지형연구에 굉장히 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는, 각각의 다른 파라미터를 사용하여 영상분류 기법 중의 하나인 ISODATA(Iterative Self_Organizing Data Analysis) 분류기법을 적용하여 RapidEye 영상으로부터 하천을 추출하는 방법을 제시하였다. 우선, RapidEye 영상으로부터 NIR(Near InfraRed) 밴드 영상과 NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) 영상을 생성한 뒤, 이를 각각의 파라미터로 설정한다. 생성된 각각의 영상에 ISODATA 기법을 적용한 뒤, 후처리 과정을 통하여 각각의 영상으로부터 하천을 추출하도록 한다. 각각의 영상에서 추출한 하천의 경계선 또한 Sobel 에지 추출 기법을 통하여 추출된다. 점검 점들을 이용하여 정확도 검증을 수행한 결과, NIR 밴드로부터 추출한 하천의 정확도가 NDVI 영상으로부터 추출한 하천의 정확도보다 더 높다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2021

This study aimed to verify the criteria of the driver monitoring systems proposed by UNECE ACSF informal working group and the ministry of land, infrastructure, and transport of South Korea using driving behavior data. In order to verify the criteria, we investigated the safety regulations of driver monitoring systems in a conditional autonomous vehicle and found that the driver monitoring measures were related to eye blinks times, head movements, and eye closed duration. Thus, we took two different experimental data including real-world driving and simulator-based drowsy driving behaviors in previous studies. The real-world driving data were used for analyzing blink times and head movement intervals, and the drowsiness data were used for eye closed duration. In the real-world driving study, 52 drivers drove approximately 11.0 km of rural road (about 20 min), 7.9 km of urban road (about 25 min), and 20.8 km of highway (about 20 min). The results suggested that the appropriate number of blinks during the last 60 seconds was 4 times, and the head movement interval was 35 seconds. The results from drowsy driving data will be presented in another paper - part 2.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.432-437
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• 2004

In this study, Pavement Management System(PMS) was developed to overcome the unscientific pavement management limitations of the past. PMS program is economic, efficient and scientific. Also, it produces the best maintenance method through exact judgement and logical analysis of pavement condition. First of all, the logical algorithm, that is such as investigation and analysis of pavement, detailed naked eye investigation and the estimation for whole system etc., was composed on the basis of the domestic and the outside data on PMS and pavement condition data of Seoul metropolitan. And then it was verified that this algorithm is suitable through the research examples of PMS data and the results of detailed naked eye investigation. Also, Geographic Information System(GIS) was integrated on PMS program. Therefore, PMS program was developed so as to use easily on the basis of the logical algorithm.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine dry eye syndrome and ocular fatigue according to the status of contact lens wearing and management among female university students. Methods: The subjects were 195 female university students wearing contact lenses. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Virtual Reality Symptom Questionnaire (VRSQ) were used to determine the level of dry eye syndrome and ocular fatigue. The SPSS/WIN 21.0 program was used for analysis of data. Results: Significant differences in the level of dry eye syndrome were observed according to the period of case solution change (F=3.36, p=.037) and the reasons for the change of lens (F=4.56, p=.004). In ocular fatigue, significant differences were observed according to the price of lens (F=3.53, p=.031), rinse in storing lens in a case (t=-2.57, p=.011), and learning about contact lens (t=-2.01, p=.046). A significant positive correlation was observed between dry eye syndrome and ocular fatigue in the subjects. Conclusion: The results of this study show that some subjects have problems in wearing and management of contact lenses. Therefore, an education program related to contact lenses should be provided to contact lens wearers to improve the status of wearing and management of contact lenses.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.142-152
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in eye movement pattern shown in shown in classification process between the scientifically gifted and general students in elementary schools. The subjects for the research consisted of 16 gifted students in special education center for the gifted at Seoul National University of Education and 22 general students at G elementary schools. The tasks consisted of four hierarchical biology classification tasks and one non-hierarchical tasks. SMI's Eye Tracker (iView $X^{TM}$ RED) was used to collect eye movement data while the Begaze software analyzed the task performing process and eye movements. The findings of this study were twofold. First, there was a significant difference in students' fixation duration by students' academic achievement level. Gifted students spent little time on scanning details and found the features successfully. Second, the process of the classification is different by students' academic achievement. General students spent more time to gaze the salient features not relevant features. They had a difficulty to find the element to classify.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2018

Player's actions in a game occur in the process of gameplay experiences in a play space designed by the developer according to preset gameplay beats. Focusing on beats that induce a first-person shooter (FPS) game's main gameplay, this paper analyzes the differences in eye gaze information found in different players during the course of gameplay. For this research goal, the study divides the beat areas in which play actions appear in association with gameplay beats at a typical FPS game level, repeatedly conducts tests in accordance with a player's experience level (novice and expert group), and collects and analyzes eye gaze information data in three types of beat areas. The analysis result suggests concrete guidelines for game level design for different beat areas based on an FPS game player's experience level. This empirical experiment method and result can lessen repetitive modification work for game level design and consequently be utilized for optimizing the game level to the developer's intention.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2004

Objectives : In order to develop the measuring tool of visual display terminal (VDT) syndrome and investigate the variables affecting the development of VDT syndrome. Methods : A questionnaire study accompanied with the evaluation of working environment was performed with 42 VDT users from banking operations. Results : As a results of analysis with data colleted by newly developed questionnaire, VDT syndrome included five factors named as eye-related component, and psychological component. general body discomfort component. musculoskeletal component, and skin-related component. The scores of eye-related symptoms was 15.17, scores of psychological symptoms was 7.36, scores of general body discomfort symptoms was 10.52, scores of musculoskeletal symptoms was 9.38, scores of skin-related symptoms was 3.67, and total scores was 46.10. Scores of 2.05 eye fatigue in the level of eye-related symptoms were higher significantly. Scores 50.52 of female was statistically higher than scores 41.67 of male. Conclusions : The subjective symptoms of VDT syndrome scores was significantly associated with gender and age.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2014

This study aimed to conduct an eye-tracking experiment carried with facade images as a medium and to do research on 'the interest of the eyes' resulted from people's gazing phenomena. This study secured gazing data which appeared according to visual response and analyzed gazing phenomena to find the basic theory of 'the interest of the eyes' as a methodological role, which consumer interest and attention could be grafted when a plan and a design for space design was made. Data terms used in eye-tracking backgrounds and the movement of the eyes were investigated in literature review. Twenty (20) facade images were selected through a case study to get experimental stimuli for the related experiment. Thirty (30) subjects (men and women) suitable for the experiment were recruited to conduct an eye-tracking experiment. After the experiment, five (5) areas were set up in the facade image to identify the focus level of interest and attention. The level of interest and focus was connected to the interest of the eyes. The analysis to study the interest of the eyes was based on nine (9) items such as sequence, entry time, dwell time, hit ratio, revisits, revisitors, average fixation, first fixation and fixation count. Through gaze analysis, the following conclusion was drawn about the 'interest level of sight' for gaze frequency. The interest level can be interpreted to be higher for faster sequence, shorter entry time, longer all fixation(ms) for dwell time, faster all saccade(%), higher hit ratio, more revisits, more revisitors, longer average fixation, faster and longer first fixation, and more fixation count, and the person can be said to have felt interest faster and/or more.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.187-192
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• 2008

This purpose of this study is to figure out the inter-relationship between the residence stories in high-rise mixed-use apartments and their residents' disease patterns throughout the dweller's medical reports in high-rise mixed-use apartments. Research basic data are obtained from medical fee request of National Health Insurance Corportion. Data are limited a housing complex to 'A' high-rise mixed-use apartment and a medical treatment time to 3 years(2004-2006). Analysis data of total 346,286 medical records, 43,159 disease records, and 8,999 persons are collected. By analyzing those data, findings are as follows: 1) Women is more medical treatments than men, 40-50 age group is more treated, and the residents of 6-25 stories are more received medical treatments. Diseases of the respiratory system and diseases of the eye and adnexa are relatively treated higher than other diseases. 2) The diseases of the respiratory system, the eye and adnexa, the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the ear and mastoid process), and the asthma have not relation to the high-storied residence through the data of disease records and personal records. But the analysis on the data of children, 7 ages and less, is showed a significant relation. And to conclude, there is no relationship between the residence of high-stories in that apartment and dwellers' disease patterns, but there is a little probable to the relationship in the pre-school child.