• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.814-823
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• 2013

This study is carried out to evaluate the genotoxicity of herbs (Angelica decursiva, Polypori umbellate, Astragalus membranaceua, Paeonia iactiflora, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa, Cyperus rotundus, Dioscorea batatas and Platycodi Radix) by using the Ames test. The Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay is being performed by using the Sal. typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 as tester strains. Among 70% of ethanol extracts from 10 herbs, the number of revertant colonies is being increased in Astragalus membranaceua, Cnidium officinale and Dioscorea batatas in a dose-dependent manner, as compared with negative controls of the metabolic activation. In case of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fraction from 70% of ethanol extracts, the number of revertant colonies is increased in Angelica decursiva, Astragalus membranaceua, Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa and Dioscorea batatas in a dose-dependent manner, as compared with negative controls of metabolic activation. Such results indicate that Angelica decursiva, Astragalus membranaceua, Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa and Dioscorea batatas all show genotoxic effects when being extracted with the solvent extractions such as 70% of ethanol, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate, and thus, they might be genotoxically- non-safe.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.534-542
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• 2001

Recent content-based image retrieval systems make use of a local single server contained a limited number of images. So these systems are not satisfactory for the Web user's needs that make request for various images on the Web. A content-based image retrieval system that has regard for a great number of Web images has to stand on the basis of real-time first of all. Therefore, to implement the above system we have to resolve a problem of large waste time to take for an image collection and feature extractions. In recent, PC clusters with a load distribution are implemented for the purpose of high-performance data processing. In this paper, we decreased the whole retrieval time by distributing the tasks of image collection and feature extraction to take much time among the slave computers of the PC cluster, and so we found the possibility of the real-time processing in the retrieval of Web images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.413-423
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• 2013

Chlorophyll is an abundant pigment found in all green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. This study uses methanol, acetone and water to extract spinach and mate powders in order to examine the possibility of dyeing animal fibers with chlorophyll without chemical alteration. It was shown that methanol extracts of spinach and mate powders can be effectively used to dye wool and silk fabrics if the extract is mixed with water by methanol:water 65:35 v/v. Compared to methanol extract, the acetone extract showed lower chlorophyll yield and lower dye uptake. Water was not an appropriate solvent for chlorophyll extraction and dyeing. Spinach powder showed a higher dye uptake than mate powder due to the higher chlorophyll content than mate powder. It is possible that the chlorophyll dyeing of wool and silk fabrics is due to the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxy amino acids in fiber and the carbonyl groups of chlorophyll. These carbonyl groups are on the heterocyclic ring and the methyl and ethyl side chains of chlorophyll.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.352-355
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• 2004

The extracts from 70 different plant natural products were used to investigate the antimicrobial activities against Brachyspira hyodrsenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery. Among them, the extracts from Terminalia chehula exhibited the highest antimicrobial activities against B. hyodysenteriae. It showed the antimicrobial activity against B. hyodysensteriae mostly in parts of its shell. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the water extracts of T chehula was 12.5 mg/ml. After organic solvent extractions, the ethylacetate extracts exhibited higher antimicrobial activities against B. hyodysenteriae, and their antimicroactivities were similar to that of the tannin. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the extracts from T chebula may be used as animal feed additives for their antimicrobial activities against B. hyodysenteriae.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 1997

Alkali-soluble extracts were prepared from barks of Japanese larch(Larix leptolepis). Siberian larch(Larix gmelineii) and Radiata pine(Pinus radiata) The effect of various factors, such as particle size, liquor ratio, extraction temperature, and reaction time, on the extracts yield was investigated. Particle sizes affected the alkali-soluble extracts; the finer the particle size, the higher extracts and extract efficiency. High temperature and high liquor ratio were more effective. In the range of 0.25% to 1% NaOH concentration, alkali extracts were increased with the increasing alkali concentration. However, extract yields were leveled off above 0.5% alkali concentration. Extractions with NaHCO3 were almost equivalent to those of NaOH extraction. 1% NaOH and 1% NaHCO3 resulted in the highest yields of alkaline extracts. Extracts from Japanese larch were lower than those from Siberian larch and Radiata pine barks. Siberian larch bark was the best raw material for tannin adhesives, because its extractive yield was higher than those of the other barks. Concerning pH of alkaline media during extraction, small increases of the extract yields were resulted at range of pH 7 to pH 9, while a large increases from pH 9.0 to pH 12. This phenomenon is attributed to higher alkalinity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 1981

A study was conducted for process conditions for maximum yield of crude soy lecithins and its quality improvement by solvent extraction. Results indicate that maximum yield of the crude lecithins was obtained by hydration with 3% water at degumming temperature $75^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, water level used for hydration was found to affect the recovery yield of the lecithins more profoundly than the degumming temperature. It was also found that extractions with acetone and 2-propanol increased the phosphatidyl choline content from 19.7% to 28.3% and 58%, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.297-301
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• 1995

An anthracycline antibiotic, aclacinomycin A (aclarubicin), was produced from a mutant strain of Streptomyces lavendofoliae. The mutant strain which showed a 4-fold higher productivity of aclacinomycin A compared with the parent strain was also found to produce a significantly higher amount of aclacinomycin A than the reported production strain, Streptomyces galilaeus. The aclacinomycin A was produced up to 125 mg/l using potato starch and soybean meal as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, on a 3 liter scale fermentation in a 5 liter jar fermentor. The mutant strain also produced significant amount of aclacinomycins Band Y. Aclacinomycin A was isolated from the culture broth by solvent extractions and further purified by silica gel column chromatography. The yield of aclacinomycin A with over 99$%$ purity was found to be over 60$%$ starting from 3 liters of culture broth.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2000

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE, 2,450 MHz), which is known as a rapid and more environmental-friendly process than current extraction methods, was applied to oleoresin extractions from dried pepper. As fundamental parameters of MAE, optimum conditions were found, such as 60 mesh in particle size of the sampes, 1:10(g/mL) powders was high at lower concentrations of ethanol, whereas capsanthin content remarkably increased at more than 75% of ethanol concentration. The results showed that MAE of oleoresin and capsanthin from red pepper powders was successful in 3 to 5 min of the extraction time.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-147
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• 2016

Staphylococcus aureus cultures exposed to rotating magnetic field (RMF) were studied in order to analyse the possible induced changes in staphylococcal enterotoxin genes (se) expression. Liquid cultures of S. aureus strains carrying different se were exposed to the RMF of magnetic frequency 50 Hz and magnetic induction 34 mT for 10 h at $37^{\circ}C$. Three time points of bacterial growth cycle were considered for RNA extractions. Gene expression analyses were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR method. The present study confirmed, that the RMF can stimulate the growth rate of S. aureus cultures in comparison to the unexposed controls, while the stimulation is not strain dependent. The studies have also shown, that the RMF, depending on the exposure time but regardless the bacterial strain, can influence on the expression of various se. In general, except for sea, as a result of bacterial exposure to the RMF through subsequent growth phases, the expression of se decreased, reaching the values below results recorded for unexposed controls. In the case of sea expression remained at a lower level as compared to the control, regardless the time of exposition.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.433-443
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• 2002

Objectives; The purpose of this study was to develop a framework for home care and a Home Care Need Assessment Tool. Method 1. Identifying common domains in the provision of home care. 2. Charts of 253 home care clients were reviewed to obtain a classification of the nursing diagnoses. 3. A focus group methodology was used to develop the domains. 4. The tool was applied to 439 home care clients.(Kappa value=0.460-1.000, sensitivity, 0.444-1.000: specificity, 0.743-1.000). 5. Some refinements and extractions of the defining characteristics and related factors were made based on the results of the focus group. Results Home Care Need Assessment Tool consists of three parts; -Part I : factors related to basic conditions -Part II : a screening component that enables home care nurses to assess 30 multiple domains of 53 nursing diagnoses. -Part III : summative nursing diagnoses and nursing need intensity for the clients. Conclusion This tool provides a comprehensive assessment that helps the recognition of many strengths as well as problems of the clients. It will be usefully utilized in scheduling home care nursing plans and evaluating client outcomes.