• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 2000

Objectives and Methods : Unlike respiratory anaphylaxis responses, mediators responsible for cardiovascular responses are not clearly elucidated. Main characteristics of cardiovascular anaphylaxis include hypotension and cardiac failure (anhythmia and cardiac contraction failure). In this experiment, the fractionations of Sophorae Radix (SR) were tested for its preventive effects against cardiovascular anaphylaxis in pithed rats. Results : Of the SR fractionations, water fractions, at the concentration of 20 and 60mg/kg, was significantly effective on all the cardiovascular changes in pithed rats. Also, of the cardiovascular changes, depressor response was significantly attenuated by the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction, at the concentration of 60mg/kg. Conclusions : These results suggest that water and EA fractions of the SR fractionations possess anti. anaphylactic effects in pithed rats. Additional research is needed to identify active principles for the observed pharmacological effects.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.223-227
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• 1996

The antioxidant activity of Ecklonia stolonifera was determined by measuring lipid peroxide produced when a mouse liver homogenate was exposed to the air at $37^{\circ}C$ using 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The methanol extract of Ecklonia stolonifera showed strong antioxidant activity. And the methanol extract was fractionated with several solvents. With regard their fractions, the antioxidative activity were in the order of ethyl acetate>dichloromethane insoluble intermediated phase>dichloromethane>n-butanol>water fraction. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibiting the strongest antioxidant activity was further purified by repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Antioxidant phloroglucinol was isolated and identified by$ ^1H-NMR\; and\; ^{13}C-NMR$. Its antioxidant activity was simlilar to that of L-ascorbic acid.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.380.3-380.3
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• 2002

Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) is a widely used herbal plant with various biological properties. Our previous study using in vitro platelet aggregation in whole blood showed that ethyl acetate layer of RVS had strong anti-aggregatory activity. In this study. to investigate the anti-aggregatory activity and antioxidative effects of RVS ethyl acetate layer. the layer was subsequently fractionated by ODS columm chromatograph (50% MeOH). As a result. the fraction 3 was most inhibited the aggregation of platelet in rat whole blood induced by thrombin and all fraction of RVS was detected strong antioxidative effect. (omitted)

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2023

Descurainia sophia seeds methanol extract showed significant anti-influenza activity and we tried to isolate anti-influenza compounds from the D. sophia extract. D. sophia seeds were extracted with 80% methanol and fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, CHCl₃ and n-butanol. The anti-influenza activity of each fraction was assessed using sulforhodamine B (SRB) method in A549 cells, human-derived lung cancer cells. The ethyl acetate and CHCl₃ fractions showed the most potent anti-influenza activity. Seven compounds were isolated from CHCl₃ fraction and identified 1-decanol (1), 2-(3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylenebutoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (2), daucosterol (3), isorhamnetin (4), quercetin (5), sinapic acid (6), and helveticoside (7) by spectroscopic data such as UV, IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. Anti-influenza activities of isolated compounds were evaluated using SRB method in A549 cells. Compounds 3, 4 and 7 had significant anti-influenza activity in a dose-dependent manner.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2005

This study was investigated to determine the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of green tea, and of solvent fractionated ethanol extract on Escherichia coli O157:H7. MIC value of ethanol extracts and solvent fractionated ethanol extract (hexane, ethyl-acetate, chloroform and water) were $2000{\mu}g/ml,\;0,\;500{\mu}g/ml,\;2000{\mu}g/ml,\;1000{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction against E. coli O157 :H7 ranged from $250-2000{\mu}g/disk$. The antimicrobial activity was significantly increased as concentration dependent. When E. coli O157:H7 was pH-adjusted TSB containing $1000{\mu}g/ml$ ethyl acetate, E. coli O157:H7 was significantly inhibited at initial pH of 10, whereas the pathogen grew well in the presence of pH 4.5-pH 9. The inhibitory effect of the ethyl acetate fraction on the growth of E. coli O157 :H7 was investigated. Growth of both strain in the tested conditions were rapidly occurred up to 12 h, but no growth was occurred in the presence of $250-1000{\mu}g/mL$ of ethyl acetate fraction for 72 h.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 2016

Anti-oxidant activity of 600 medicinal plants from Jeju was analyzed. Extracts from the leaves of Distylium racemosum have the highest anti-oxidant activity. D. racemosum is an oriental medicinal plant belonging to the Hamamelidacea and grows in the wild in Jeju. This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and cell viability of different fractions (n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, buthanol, DW) from D. racemosum. Anti-oxidant activity was measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity test and total phenolic content. Cell viability was determined by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay on HepG2 and A549 cells. Among various extracts, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, reaching approximately 93% at 0.5 mg/mL, higher than that of quercetin used as a positive control. Ethyl acetate fractions showed the highest total phenolic content at 505 mg GAE/g. The phenolic content of each extract showed association with DPPH radical scavenging activity. The ethyl acetate extracts were resistant against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) treatment in the MTT cell viability assay and showed a higher cell protective effect than other fraction extracts. These results suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction might be a source of anti-oxidants of D. racemosum.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.848-854
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• 1998

To concentrate polyunsaturated fatty acids from anchovy oil by supercritical carbon dioxide $(SC-CO_2)$, effects of different adsorbents, cosolvents and extraction pressures on the extraction yield and fatty acid composition in the extract and the residue fractions were investigated. Anchovy oil mixed with silver nitrate-coated silica gel showed higher extraction yield and concentration of EPA and DHA in the residual fraction than that mixed with only silica gel at $60^{\circ}C/345{\;}bar$. Ethyl acetate was a promising cosolvent for concentrating polyunsaturated fatty acids in the residual fraction from anchovy oil mixed with silica gel. For the extraction pressures tested, 276 bar showed a maximum value in the extraction yield and concentration of EPA and DHA in the residue. Starting with anchovy oil containing 13.3% EPA and 16.2% DHA mixed with a silver nitrate-coated silica gel, the residue fraction containing 28.2% EPA and 38.3% DHA was obtained when ethyl acetate was used as a cosolvent with $SC-CO_2$ at $60^{\circ}C/276{\;}bar$.

• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the anti-allergic effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of Ecklonia cava (EC-EtoAc) on the immunoglobulin E (IgE)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-mediated activation of bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMCs). We revealed that the $62.5{\mu}g/ml$ of EC-fractions ($EC-CHCl_3$, EC-Hexane and EC-EtoAc) inhibited IgE/BSA-activated ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release from BMCMCs without cytotoxicity. Especially, EC-EtoAc showed the higher ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release than the others. Also, EC-EtoAc reduced the expression levels of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ and a chemokine, thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), compared to the only IgE/BSA-treated BMCMCs. Furthermore, EC-EtoAc significantly prevented the binding of IgE to Fc epsilon receptor $(Fc{\varepsilon}R)I$ and reduced the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ expression on the sensitized BMCMCs. Taken together, these results suggest that E. cava may be the natural agent with beneficial potentials for the treatment of type I allergic diseases induced by mast cell activation.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.212-218
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• 2008

This study was performed to determine the antimutagenic and anticancer effects of ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout using Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. An ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) from the ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout showed inhibition rate of 80.6% against the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain. Also the ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) showed higher antimutagenic activity than other fractions against the mutagenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) showed high antimutagenic effect of 80.9% and 85.9% against the mutation of TA98 and TA100 strains induced by 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-(4,3-b)indol (Trp-P-1), respectively. The cytotoxic effects of each solvent fraction from the ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout against human cancer cell lines including lung carcinoma (A549), gastric carcinoma (AGS), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B), and colon adenocarcinoma (Colo 205) were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of buckwheat sprout ethanol extract at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml showed strong cytotoxic activities of 70.3, 94.8, 79.6, 82.3, and 73.2% against A549, AGS, MCF-7, Hep3B and Colo 205 cancer cell lines, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.496-500
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• 2005

To develop functional food material using Rhodiola dumulosa(RD), the biological activities such as antioxidation, antiproliferation in the cancer cells and immuno-activity in macrophage cells were investigated with hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, methanol and water fractions of RD 80% methanol extract. Hydrogen-donating activities of hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, methanol and water fraction were 28.30, 53.21, 35.48, 42.64 and 21.14%, respectively, at a concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/mL$, and the activity of ethyl acetate fraction was similar to as that of BHT. After treated for 48 hrs, the ethyl acetate fraction decreased the proliferation of the A549 and SW480 cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentration of 10, 50, and 100 ${\mu}g/mL$, the activities were higher than other fractions. Morphology of cells treated with the ethyl acetate fraction for 48 hr at 100 ${\mu}g/mL$ was distorted with shrank cell mass, and the cell number was lower than that of control cells the macrophage cells treated. The methanol fraction was significantly induced NO production compared with untreated control cells at above 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration. These results indicate that RD would be used the functional food material.