• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was to build a path model geared toward explaining the relationships of influential variables for the moral distress of clinical nurses by analyzing literatures of earlier studies. Methods: Data were collected from four hospitals with 300 beds or more. The participants were 257 nurses with more than 1 year of clinical experience. The data collection period was from June 14 to October 24, 2017. The questionnaire included general and ethical education-related characteristics, personality type, moral dilemma experience, moral sensitivity, moral climate and moral distress. Results: The direct influencing factors of moral distress were the individual's experience of moral dilemma, moral sensitivity, and the moral climate of the organization. Factors that indirectly affected via moral sensitivity were personality type, experience in ethical education, and moral climate. The explanatory power was 40.3%. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop an intervention program that can reduce moral distress by considering the factors influencing the moral distress of clinical nurses. In addition, it is necessary to identify additional influencing factors of moral distress.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.161-180
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• 2021

본 연구는 사서교사의 윤리적 딜레마에 관하여 현황과 사례를 조사 분석하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 『도서관인 윤리선언』의 내용을 틀로 윤리적 딜레마 경험 정도를 묻는 설문조사에 259명의 사서교사가 참여하였고, 5명의 사서교사를 대상으로 반 구조적 인터뷰를 수행하여 직접경험 사례를 수집하였다. 기술통계와 인터뷰 전사자료의 질적 분석을 통해 도출한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사서교사들은 정보 접근을 저해하는 검열에 관하여 가장 많은 경험을 딜레마 경험을 하였다. 둘째, 사서교사들은 직업적 책무를 수행하기 위해 전문성을 활용하기 어려울 경우 딜레마가 발생하였다. 셋째, 사서교사들은 지식재산권 존중과 이용자와 권리자 간 균형 추구에 관련하여 그 중요성은 잘 알지만 실제 사례에 당면하여 구체적인 적용 방법에 대해 잘 알지 못해 딜레마가 발생하였다. 넷째, 사서교사들은 사서교사 전문성 함양 분야와 학교에서 원하는 사서교사상 간의 차이로 인해 딜레마가 발생하였다. 다섯째, 사서교사들은 대출반납 업무와 학생 개인 대출 정보 공개에 관한 딜레마가 있었다. 여섯째, 사서교사들은 학교교육시스템과 도서관운영의 관습관련 딜레마가 있었다. 특히, 윤리적 딜레마 사례는 각각 맥락의존적으로 사서교사들의 균형적 판단이 중요함이 나타났다. 향후 윤리적 딜레마에서 사서교사의 균형적 판단을 위한 지점과 대처에 대한 도서관계의 고민이 필요하다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2016

Objective: This study examined the code of ethics, which offers guidelines for early childhood teachers' ethical decisions and practices. Results and Conclusion: In the second section of this paper, the meaning of the code of ethics is reviewed. The issues of the code of ethics are also investigated to resolve moral and ethical dilemmas and to maintain high standards of professional conduct in early childhood care and education. In the third section of this paper, a comparison of the ethical codes in South Korea, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States is conducted. Based on the results raised in relation to the code of ethics principles and the results of comparing domestic and international ethics codes, the fourth section of this paper focuses on three topics in the current and future direction of the Korean code of ethics: (a) concreteness and clarity, (b) switching from the viewpoint of least harm to the viewpoint of maximum benefit, and (c) the range of benefits of the code of ethics. Then, including the existence of the last two codes of ethics, we discuss the direction of future difficulties currently associated with the situation in Korea.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.592-601
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• 2022

본 연구는 간호사의 윤리적 갈등과 관련된 국내 연구 동향과 간호윤리교육 현황을 분석하여 향후 간호윤리 교육의 방향성을 제시하고자 시도되었다. 국내 4개 데이터베이스에서 '간호사', '윤리', '도덕', '생명윤리', '갈등', '민감성', '고뇌', '딜레마', '이슈', '가치관'의 단어 조합으로 검색한 결과 2000년부터 2021년 12월까지 591편의 논문이 확인되었고, 이 중 111편의 논문을 최종 분석하였다. 간호윤리교육 현황은 간호교육 인증평가원에 등록된 4년제 학사학위프로그램 운영 203개교 중 184개교를 대상으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 간호사 대상 윤리적 갈등과 관련된 연구는 꾸준히 증가하고 있고, 종합병원 간호사를 대상으로 한 양적연구가 가장 많았다. 주요 주제어는 도덕적 민감성, 도덕적 고뇌, 윤리적 딜레마, 생명의료 윤리의식 등으로 확인되었다. 간호윤리교육은 68% 대학에서 전공과목으로 운영하고 있었고, 과반수의 대학에서 1학점 또는 2학점으로, 주로 1, 2학년에 개설하였다. 본 연구 결과 사회적 변화에 따라 간호사가 경험하는 윤리적 갈등은 증가하고 있어, 대학의 간호윤리교육 비중은 더 확대되어야 하고, 교육 효과의 지속성을 위해 학년별 단계별 교육모형 구축이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2010

To examine the attitude of students toward animals and its relation to veterinary ethical decision making, 302 pre-veterinary and veterinary students of three national universities (Seoul, Chungbuk and Kyungsang National University) were requested to answer the Animal Attitude Scale Test, an indicator of one's pro-animal attitude. A significant gender difference in the AAS scores was found with higher scores in females (female vs. male, 65.27 vs. 57.40; p < 0.0001). The students who have companion animals had higher AAS scores (62.55) than those who donot (58.03, p < 0.0001). However, years of study and experience with animal protection activities did not affect the AAS scores. The correlation between the attitude toward animals and ethical decision making was found in the investigation with two cases of a veterinary ethical dilemma: the medical treatment of a cow in its last gestation stage with ocular squamous cell carcinoma and the euthanizing of a 12 year-old dog with urinary incontinence. The students tend to support for veterinarians to influence clients' decisions in treatment by using their power as medical professionals, even if doing so could partly damage the interests of the clients or patients. The significant correlations between the AAS scores and veterinary ethical decision making were found in this study, which implies that the attitude toward animals should be considered as one of the major factors in making ethical decisions in veterinary practice.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.157-174
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• 2007

Corporation had been made by important action rule of business ethics that observes legal standard that is prescribed in each class of administration activity. But it does not keep ethicality of corporation action that conforms law. Law can not include all parts of business ethics because it is forcing essential class for public order preservation and public welfare in right. Moreover, partial corporations are doing to justify unethical action of other evasion of taxes, consultation, manufacturing etc. with legal basis meaning abusing legal standard. For these reason, Insistence that is in point of legal standard and ethical standard is not different each other that is in equal viewpoint is brought.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.53-76
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• 2008

본 연구는 아동보호전문기관 사회복지사들의 윤리적 딜레마와 의사결정을 중심으로 연구를 진행하여 그들의 윤리적 고충을 이해하는 동시에 실천적이고 정책적인 제언을 하는 데에 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 수행을 위하여 질적연구방법론 중에서도 현상학적 연구방법을 사용하였고, 14명의 아동보호전문기관 사회복지사와의 인터뷰 내용을 Colaizzi(1978)의 분석단계에 따라 분석하였다. 총 8개의 주제묶음과 26개의 소주제들을 통해 아동보호전문기관 사회복지사는 '정책/제도의 미흡함과 업무의 과다 속에서 피학대 아동을 만나면서 직접적이고 간접적인 윤리적 딜레마에 빠짐'을 대주제로 도출하고, 총 4개의 주제묶음과 9개의 소주제들을 통해 '책임과 부담을 떠안은 채로 최선이라 생각하며 의사결정을 수행함'을 대주제로 도출할 수 있었다. 이에, 이와 관련된 향후 논의점들을 제시하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.501-512
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 임상간호사의 윤리적 의사결정 자신감 영향요인을 파악하고자 시도되었다. 임상간호사 125명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 실시하여 자료를 수집하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2014년 11월 10일부터 동년 11월 29일까지였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN 21.0. 프로그램을 이용하여 실수와 백분율 평균, 평균평점과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA와 Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients 및 stepwise multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 임상간호사의 제 특성에 따른 윤리적 딜레마 정도는 연령(F=3.14, p=.017)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 윤리적 의사결정 자신감 정도는 교육정도(F=7.36, p<.001), 임상경력(t=-2.31, p=.024), 윤리강령 인지여부(t=3.17, p=.002)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 윤리적 의사결정 자신감은 윤리적 가치관과 정적인 상관관계를 보여 주었다(r=.25, p<.001). 윤리적 의사결정 자신감은 윤리적 가치관, 교육정도, 윤리강령 인지여부에 따라서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 전체 설명력은 15%였으며, 다른 영향요인 보다 가장 큰 영향력은 윤리적 가치관 (${\beta}=.28$) 으로 나타났다. 따라서 임상간호사의 윤리적 의사결정 자신감을 향상시키기 위해서는 윤리적 가치관, 교육정도, 윤리강령에 대한 지식 정도를 향상시켜야 할 필요가 있을 것이다. 따라서 임상간호사의 윤리적 의사결정 자신감을 향상시키기 위한 프로그램의 실행이 필요하다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.5-21
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• 1995

This study purports to investigate moral reasoning and ethical decision making among student nurses in the hypothetical moral dilemmas. The subjects consisted of 25 senior nursing students attending at a four-year college. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires in November, 1993. The questionnaires included two kinds of tests. Rest's Defining Issues Test was adopted to measure the stage of moral development, which was classified with the stage 2 (instrumental relativist orientation), the stage 3 (interpersonal concordance), the stage 4 (law and order), the stage 5A (societal consensus), and the stage 5B (intuitional humanism). In particular, the level of principled thinking (P) was measured by summing those scores of the stages 5A, 5B, and 6. The possible range of P is 0 to 95. As for measuring the levels of morality and nursing dilemma, Crisham's Nursing Dilemma Test was adopted. This test generated the morality score(MS) and the dilemma score (DS). The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. The findings are following. 1. The mean score of P was 52.93 (SD=12.82). The mean score of the stage 5A was significantly higher than the scores of other stages (17.92, p=.0001). 2. The mean score of P was not significantly different by general characteristics of the students. Of the scores of each stage, only the mean score of the stage 3 revealed significant difference by the status of living with parents(p=.0283). The score was highest when "living with both parents"(15.22), which was followed by "living with no parents"(10.0), "living with father only"(9.0), and "living with mother only"(7.50). 3. With regard to the five dilemmas postulated such as forcing medication, performing cardiac pulmonary resuscitation, reporting a medication error, informing diagnosis to terminally ill adult, and providing new-nurse orientation, most students perceived them as moral dilemma rather than nonmoral one. Most students made a positive decision according to moral reasoning in the above situations except for providing new-nurse orientation. 4. The mean score of the MS was 3.30 and that of the DS was 3.32. These scores did not show significant difference with general characteristics of the students. 5. As for the correlations between moral reasoning and decision making, the score of the stage 5A was positively correlated with the scores of P(.74, p<.0001) and DS(.56, p<.001). Positive correlation was also observed between the scores of stage 2 and stage 4(.68, p<.0001). On the other hand, the score of P was negatively correlated with the scores of stage 3(-.47, p<.05) and of stage 4(-.55, p<.001). The score of the stage 5A was also negatively correlated with the score of the stage 6(-.42, p<.05).

• 의학교육논단
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2016

Assessment tools for non-academic qualities such as ethics frequently employ hypothetical scenarios to lay out a contextual framework underlying the corresponding criteria of assessment. Due to the context-specific nature of the assessment criteria, details of the scenarios become very important in obtaining accurate results. This study aims to explore how medical school applicants differ in ethical decision making depending on the types of ethical dilemma scenarios, and how they correlate with academic achievements after admission. In 2014, all 82 applicants invited for an admission interview for a graduate-entry program were asked to complete a questionnaire comprised of 13 hypothetical scenarios. There were three domains (unethical business decisions, unethical academic decisions, and sexual quid pro quos) and participants were made to choose between the profitable-but-unethical choice or the unprofitable-but-ethical choice, using a four-point Likert-type scale. On average, tendencies toward unethical decisions were lowest for sexual favors ($1.34{\pm}0.46$), and highest for gaining academic advantages ($2.22{\pm}0.56$). Unethical decisions for academic advantages and sexual benefits showed significant correlation respectively with the female gender and those who graduated from overseas universities. In addition, the propensity for choosing unethical academic decisions was significantly correlated with high academic achievements in medical school (r=0.396). Not only does this study demonstrate that different levels of ethical decision making depend on the scenarios, but also those differences may be a determinant factor in subsequent academic performances in medical school. In conclusion, given the possible influence of the details of the hypothetical scenarios to the applicant's responses, careful consideration must be given during their development.