• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.421-425
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to obtain the cytotoxicity and antioxidative activity of Artemisiae Argi Folium. The total polyphenol contents in the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 430.27mg/g and 427.84mg/g, respectively. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 32.64 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and 27.70 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ as the same level of statistical with ascorbic acid. In the cytotoxicity measurement by MTT assay, the chloroform and hexane fraction, and each extract were exhibited higher cytotoxicity than the other fractions. In particular, the ethyl acetate fractions appeared high activity in DPPH radical scavenging ability were began to show cytotoxicity in 125 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction of Artemisiae Argi Folium extract was the most highly active fraction in antioxidative activity. However, for the use of extracts and fractions from Artemisiae Argi Folium to related fields, the setting of appropriate concentration is required.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.238-245
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated antioxidative activity, antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and tyrosinase inhibitory activity in 75% ethanol extract of Taraxacum coreanum and its fractions. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the extract were 238.59mg/g and 33.18mg/g and the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the ethyl acetate fraction were 427.81mg/g and 148.90mg/g as the highest content of fractions. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the ethyl acetate and butanol fraction were 38.40${\mu}g/ml$ and 82.28 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In antibacterial activity by the disc diffusion assay against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and MRSA, the ethyl acetate fraction showed stronger antibacterial activity than other fractions and the extract. Especially, the ethyl acetate fraction was exhibited effective antibacterial activity against MRSA. In the cytotoxicity measurement by MTT assay, the extract and fractions were exhibited Raw 264.7 cell viabilities of 96.32~143.21% as nontoxic result in concentration of 5~100 ${\mu}g/ml$. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction of the 75% ethanol extract from T. coreanum could be applicable to functional materials for related fields.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.315-322
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities of organic extracts obtained from the fruit of Thuja orientalis L. The native fruits in Korea were collected and extracted by 80% ethanol, and the extract was sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and butanol. The fraction yields of n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water of ethanol extract were 10.15%, 10.05%, 1.45%, 45.35% and 27.55%, respectively. n-Hexane-soluble fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria, while the chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and aqueous fractions did not show any antibacterial activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) on Staphyloycoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Sateptococcus pneumoniae, n-hexane-soluble fraction were $100\;{\mu}g$, $500\;{\mu}g$ and $50\;{\mu}g$/disc, respectively. The antibacterial activity was not destroyed by heating at 80, 100, $120^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and was not affected by pH. In the inhibitory test against the Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Sateptococcus pneumoniae, n-hexane-soluble fraction showed potent growth inhibition at the concentration of 0.1 and $0.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ for 12~24 hours and n-hexane-soluble fraction did not show any mutagenic activity.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.225.1-230
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• 1995

The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba showed the strongest antimicrobial activity on the growth of almost all the tested microorganisms which were food-borne pathogens and food-related microorganisms. 1) In order to isolate and purify of antimicrobial substance extracted from the root bark of Morus alba, the antimicrobial substance from the ethanol extract which exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity was purified by solvent fractionation, silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC. Among the fractions fractionated by 4 kind of solvents from the ethanol extract, the antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis. Unknown compound were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction by silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC and the compounds showed strong absorbance at 207, 217 and 285 nm, therefore, it was supposed to be a kinds of aromatic compound.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antitumor activity of different solvent fractions (ethanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) of the Auricularia auricula-judae 70% ethanol extract on the P388D1 macrophage and sarcoma 180 cells. A dose-dependent antitumor activity of each solvent fraction (from 0.01 mg/ml to 0.3 mg/ml) was shown against both cell types. These cytotoxic effects of all the tested fractions were confirmed on the MTT and SRB assays, without statistical differences each other. $IC_{50}$ value of dichloromethane fraction was 94.2 ${\mu}g/ml$ against sarcoma 180 cells lower than any other solvent fractions. The potent antitumor effect of the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction was also found against solid tumor in BALB/c mice. The splenomegaly and higher splenic index were found in tumor-bearing mice, with the DCM fraction returning to the negative control values. Thus, the results indicated the dichloromethane fraction may have potential ingredients as antitumor candidates.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.209-216
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• 2007

To investigate the applicability as the functional food materials of germinated Glycine max Merr soybeans, its biochemical characteristics and its abilities to inhibit platelet aggregation and hydrolyze alcohol were examined. With the progression of germination time, crude protein content gradually increased, and on the 5th day of germination it was 30.19%. However, crude fat content tended to decrease, and on the 5th day of germination it was 14.30%. Total amino acid content was highest on the 3rd day of germination at 80,875 mg%. The free amino acid content doubled from day 0 of germination (1,273.35 mg%) until the 5th day of germination (2,742.99 mg%). Fatty acid analysis revealed that linoleic acid was highest among all the samples, ranging from $53.55{\sim}56.00%$. Linolenic acid content slightly increased as the germination period was prolonged. The ability to inhibit platelet aggregation increased according to the germination period and then decreased again on the 5th day of germination; it was somewhat higher in the ethanol fraction. In measuring ADH, we found that the activity of the ethanol fraction increased with increasing days of germination. In the case of the water fraction, the activity decreased as germination was prolonged, and the ADH activity of the water fraction was higher than that of the ethanol fraction. Based on the above results, we deemed that the Glycine max Merr soybeans germinated for $2{\sim}3$ days were most pertinent for use as functional food materials.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.313-318
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• 1993

The methanol extract of Taraxaci Herba was found to have inhibitory effect on the gastric lesion induced by HCl-ethanol. The systematic fractionation of the methanol extract resulted in positive action with water fraction in the gastric lesion. It also showed significant inhibition of gastric lesion induced by HCl-aspirin and absolute ethanol, but did not prevent indomethacin induced gastric lesion. This fraction did not affect basal gastric acid secretion but showed a decrease of pepsin activity in pylorus-ligated rats.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 1988

The effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde on monoamine oxidase activity in mouse liver mitochondrial fraction were studied. In vivo, a single dose of ethanol increased the hepatic monoamine oxidase activity compared to control group, and chronic ethanol consumption also increased the enzyme activity using tyramine, benzylamine or serotonin as substrate. Acetaldehyde, the metabolite of ethanol, significantly increased monoamine oxidase activity more than ethanol did. In contrast to the in vivo results, it was found that the monoamine oxidase activity was inhibited in vitro by ethanol or acetaldehyde in the dose-dependent manner.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2000

Screening was performed to isolate biopolymer-producing microorganisms from natural sources. The bacteriological characteristics of this strain and physicochemical properties of the biopolymer produced were investigated. The bacterial strain was identified as a Bacillus coagulans. Crude biopolymer treated with ethanol and actone was purified to fraction I and II by ion exchange chromatography and gel chromatography (Shephadex G-100 and Shepharose CL-2B). Analysis of chemical composition and various color reaction revealed that the polymer is composed of amino acids. It was confirmed that fraction II is a homopolymer of glutamic acid and fraction I is a homopolymer of lysine by analysis data of amino acid analyzer, GC and IR.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.338-344
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• 2002

This study was conducted to determine biological activities, such as lipid peroxidation inhibition and cytotoxic effect of ethanol extracts of Black Olympia grape seeds and skins, and of organic solvent fractionated ethanol extracts obtained from grape seeds and skins at different temperatures. Among different extraction temperatures, the ethanol extract of grape seed obtained at 30$\^{C}$ had the strongest lipid oxidation inhibition of 60.1%, while the strongest lipid oxidation inhibitory effect of 71.2% was observed in the presence of 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖ ethylacetate fraction obtained from ethanol extract of grape seeds at 30$\^{C}$. The ethanol extract of grape seeds showed more strong lipid oxidation inhibition than that of skin extracts. Similar results were observed in cytotoxic effects. The ethanol extract of grape seeds at 30$\^{C}$ exhibited more strong cytotoxicity than that of skin extracts on MCF-7, Hep3B, and A549 cell lines. Among organic solvent fractions extracted from the ethanol extracts of gape seeds and skins, the hexane fraction showed the strongest cytotoxic inhibition of 75.15% and 62.50% on MCF-7 and Hep3B cell in the presence of 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖ respectively. On the other hand, the water fraction showed the strongest cytotoxic inhibition of 65.41% on A549 cell in the presence of 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖. Overall, the ethanol extracts and their fractions of Black Olympia grape seeds showed strong lipid oxidation inhibition and cytotoxicity than those of grape skins.