• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.209-233
• /
• 2009

Many difficult literary texts have been disregarded by the teachers as well as the students in the EFL context. The abridged version, however, has its pedagogical usability when viewed as an extension of the literary text like movies and comic strips. Legible abridgments boost up the critical mind among the learners by enhancing their involvement in responding more actively to each class. In addition, to study an abridged version makes the future teachers accustomed to use it as a usable material. Abridgment has its efficacy in the literary study, too: reader-response criticism and narrative scholarship. First, the learners' creative engagement to the text encourages them to draw their personal experiences which are made up of the basic storyline. Second, a personal experience linked to the story has a relationship to narrative scholarship proposed in contemporary ecocriticism. Narrative scholarship is a new academic trend that merges the writer's personal experience in physical surroundings with the text which describes the same or similar natural environment. The role of teachers is a key to succeed in the abridged version pedagogy. They can facilitate a web of learner, text, and social context by providing a friendly atmosphere to encourage students' active participation, as well as supplementary materials of the original text.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2001

Today's health care environment is rapidly changing and nurse administrators' leadership styles need to identify in nursing organization to achieve organizational objectives. By Bass(1985), transformational leadership stimulates the subordinates to be creative and achieve organizational objectives and is related to job satisfaction, job involvement, productivity, and organizational commitment. Transformational leadership process consists of charisma, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of transformational leadership and personal characteristics on nurses' organizational commitment. The subjects for this study consisted of 594 nurse from 8 University Hospitals and General Hospitals. The data were collected by personal characteristics scale, transformational leadership scale, and organizational commitment scale. The factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used for the statistical method. The results of this study were found that (1) charisma dimension of transformational leadership has positive influence on nurses' organizational commitment; but another two dimensions(intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration) did not showed significant effect on organizational commitment (2) nurses' personal characteristic(internal locus of control) moderated the effect of transformational leadership on organizational commitment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2017

This study analyzes the relative importance of the introducing factors for the critical success factors in the implementation stage of the lifecycle of ERP system using Delphi technique and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). In the 1st layer of the hierarchy, technical factor is evaluated as the most important factor among organizational, technical, and supplier factors. In the 2nd layer, choosing a proper ERP package is evaluated as the most important factor within 15 factors followed by process-oriented approach, technical suitability, minimized customization, integration and association of system with trading parter, association with legacy systems, and support and involvement of top management. As a result of this analysis enterprise should choose an ERP package that is suitable to its business environment, and make the best use of(take full advantage of) best practice that ERP package provides to optimize the existing business procedure or process(to approach the existing business procedure or process). This study also shows the range of customization of the features provided by the ERP package should be minimized.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.35-61
• /
• 1994

Accounting information system is the most important and formal subsystem of the total information system of an organization which produces and delivers financial information. An organization has its own contigent characteristics. It is the key to a successful development of accounting information system to select the development mode and information characteristics appropriate for the contigent characteristics. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the contigent factors and the development mode of accounting information system. In addition, this study will examine the relationship between the contigent variables and the information characteristics of accounting information system. The research method adopted in this study is the survey. The results show that the environmental uncertainty, organization size, task diversity, task interrelatedness, and management commitment are positively related with the involvement and role of user in the system development process. The aggregate information regarding various departments tends to be produced by an organization under the uncertain environment. The information is reported periodically by a centralized organization. The aggregate information is preferred when tha task for implementation is diversified. The output information is more aggregate and provided more frequently when there exists a high interrelatioship between tasks. The output information is more external and reported more frequently in an organization with the high management commitment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2006

Streptomycetes are Gram-positive microorganisms producing secondary metabolites through unique physiological differentiation [4]. The microbes show unusual morphological differentiation to form substrate mycelia, aerial mycelia, and arthrospores on solid medium [19]. Substrate mycelium growth is sustaining with sufficient nutrients in the culture medium. The concentration of a specific individual substrate in the culture environment is the most important extracellular factor allowing vegetative mycelia growth, where extracellular hydrolytic enzymes participate in the utilization of waterinsoluble substrates. However, with starvation of nutrients in the culture medium, the vegetative mycelia differentiate to aerial mycelia and spores. It has been considered that shiftdown of essential nutrients for mycelia growth is the most important factor triggering morphological and physiological differentiation in Streptomyces spp. Since proteineous macromolecule compounds are the major cellular components, these are faced to endogenously metabolize following a severe depletion of nitrogen source in culture nutrients (Fig. 1). Various proteases were identified of which production was specifically related with the phase of mycelium growth and also morphological differentiation. The involvement of proteases and protease inhibitor is reviewed as a factor explaining the mycelium differentiation in Streptomyces spp.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.349-363
• /
• 2013

Using data from 286 employees who were working in medium and small company in Busan, the study analyzed the influence of educational training program traits perceived by employee on organizational effectiveness and job performance. The main results were as the followings. First, for organizational effectiveness, job relation and objective setting among educational training program traits had statistically significant influence on job satisfaction and involvement in organization after controlling the employee's characteristics. Second, for job performance, after controling the employee's characteristics, job relation, educational method, educational training environment, and objective setting had statistically significant influence on active participation, the improvement of task performance ability and confidence, or professional knowledge improvement. Additionally, among the employee's characteristics, the number of educational training participation was statistically significant predictor for job performance. Based on the main results, some suggestions and the limitations of the study were discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.217-225
• /
• 1996

Science-related attitudes, perceptions of science classroom environments, and their relationships were investigated for a sample of 535 primary and secondary school students. Two scales of the Test of Science-Related Attitudes and five scales of the Classroom Environment Scale(CES) were administered. Students' perceptions of preferred science classroom environments were also investigated using the same scales of the CES and compared with those of actual classroom environments. The results indicated the primary school students had the most positive attitudes on Enjoyment of Science Lesson and Career Interest in Science. They also had the highest scores on perceptions of actual classroom environments, while the high school students had the lowest scores. Regarding the relationships between science-related attitudes and perceptions of classroom environments, multiple correlations for the five scales of the CES were found to be significant(p<01). The scores of four scales-Involvement, Teacher Support, Order and Organization, Rule Clarity-are significantly correlated with the scores of Enjoyment of Science Lesson. Students' perceptions of preferred classroom environments on the four scales of the CES are significantly higher than those in actual environments. However, students' perceptions of actual environments on Task Orientation are similar to those of preferred environments, and are not significantly correlated with Enjoyment of Science Lesson. Educational implications are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.141-158
• /
• 2009

Community-Based Participatory Research(CBPR) has gained attention as a public health approach to develop community health interventions to address health disparities in recognition of the community relevance of specific health issues associated with social determinants of health. It emphasizes community involvement in equal partnership with researchers and public health professionals to address community-identified needs. The characteristics and principles of CBPR discussed in this paper highlight participatory nature, capacity development, partnership building, and process-orientation of CBPR. A 6-step process model for community empowerment is then introduced as a CBPR operationalization strategy. Mixed methods research approaches are valuable in CBPR as well as process evaluation. For the application of CBPR in Korean contexts, the Diffusion of Innovation theory is suggested as a theoretical framework for implementation. Building public health partnerships between public and private sectors to create partnership synergy is a necessary condition for successful CBPR for health promotion in Korea. Accompanying critical factors for the CBPR application include: common understanding of CBPR and its values, establishment of the definition of 'community,' 'community-based' and 'participation' in community health, development of accommodating research infrastructure for CBPR, recognition of the importance of program evaluation (particularly process evaluation), and training CBPR specialists.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.250-259
• /
• 2011

Objectives: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant global public health concern, affecting 5.3 million US individuals annually. An estimated 1 in 3 women globally are abused by an intimate partner in their lifetime, and the effects carry over into the workplace. This article examines employers' perceptions of IPV in the workplace, targeting supervisors of Latina employees. Methods: Fourteen employers and supervisors of small service-sector companies in Oregon were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interpretive description was used to identify themes. These qualitative interviews preceded and helped to formulate a larger workplace intervention study. Results: The following themes were found and are detailed: (1) factors associated with recognizing IPV in the workplace, (2) effects of IPV on the work environment and (3) supervisors' responses to IPV-active vs. passive involvement. Also, supervisors' suggestions for addressing IPV in the workplace are summarized. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the need for more IPV-related resources in the workplace to be available to supervisors as well as survivors and their coworkers. The needs of supervisors and workplaces vary by site, demonstrating the need for tailored interventions, and culturally appropriate workplace interventions are needed for Latinas and other racially and ethnically diverse populations.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.551-576
• /
• 2008

The European Union has an active rural development policy because this helps us to achieve valuable goals for our countryside and for the people who live and work there. Rural development policy involves the cofinancing by the EU and Member States of a variety of measures. Member States decide on the most appropriate measures for their rural areas from a menu of measures proposed at EU level. There are 18 Leader+ programs in Spain. Program supports Local Action Groups which are located in two or more autonomous regions. The Valle del Jerte, located in the northwest of the province of Caceres is one of the districts making up what is known as the Alta Extremadura. The rural development strategy in this area is to overcome the great deficits of the rural world, prevent rural exodus by improving the quality of life of the population,and improve the soicoeconomic environment of the district in order to help create jobs and improve family incomes. Specifically they try to create a mechanism to improve involvement, communication and social cohesion in the district, with a view to improving the internal structure of organizations and establishing rural channels for cooperation between district institutions for integrated development of the district.