• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.775-782
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• 2004

Recently, the cases which are constructed close by neighboring structure or underground structure are on the increase to get the utmost out of the land exploitation of underground space in the downtown area. As the building becomes larger, the excavation depth is getting deep, and the excavation area is getting, wide too. These are frequent occasions that the application of Strut or Anchor method is difficult, because of site boundary, civil application and the ground condition. Therefore, to solve these problem, we analyze and compare design with measuring data, change the design factor and show the improvement of course through the application of self-supported diaphragm wall using counterfort technique which is a new method. It is expected to be a contribution to the suitable exploitation method of construction.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2010

The company protects the information of legacy system to satisfy all member in company. Integrating between applications is increasing recently because of e-Business activation. The e-Business activation also make between extra companies and intra companies integrated. This paper suggest on implementing the ERP using Phased Approach Method and the EAI(Enterprise Application Integration) with legacy system. This paper also suggest the standard method which would be used in implementing the EAI in another company and reduce the mistake during the EAI project. Therefore, it would be the one system between complicated systems through application integration, it would be also make shop floors visualized. This research would help users and service suppliers getting more advantages of e-Business system.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.463-466
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• 2011

Wet foams formed through direct foaming were stabilized using various concentrations of amiphiphilic particles that could control pore size and porosity. These porous materials showed moderate strength upon compression with high porosity. Bubble size and wet foam stability were tailored by amphiphile concentration, particle concentration, contact angle, and pH of the suspension to obtain crack-free porous solid after sintering. Closed and open pores were obtained with sizes of 30~300 ${\mu}m$ and porosities of over 80%.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.311-321
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• 2019

Virtual reality applications in Head-Mounted Displays require high frame rates and low latency rendering techniques. Ray tracing offers many benefits, such as high-quality image generation, but has not been utilized due to lower performance than rasterization. But that can obtain good result combined with gaze-tracking technology and human visual system's operation principle. In this paper, we propose a method to optimize the foveated sampling map and to maintain the visual quality through the fast voronoi nearest interpolation. The proposed method further reduces the computational cost that has been improved by the previous foveated sampling. It also smoothes the voronoi boundary using adaptive sibson interpolation, which was not possible in real-time. As a result, the proposed method can render real-time high-quality images with low visual difference.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.142-148
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• 2019

Relatively few countries provide separate bicycle lanes for cyclists. Hence, tools for suggesting cycling routes are essential for a safe and pleasant cycling experience. This study aims to develop a mobile application to build cycling routes based on user preferences, specifically location, search radius, ride distance, and number of optimal routes. Our application calls the Strava API to retrieve Strava cycling segments crowdsourced from the cycling community. Then, it creates a graph consisting of the start and end points of these segments. Beginning from a user-specified location, the depth-first search algorithm (DFS) is applied to find routes that conform to the user's preferences. Next, a set of optimal routes is obtained by computing a trade-off ratio for every discovered route. This ratio is calculated from the lengths of all segments and the lengths of all connecting paths. The connected routes can be displayed on a map on an Android device or exported as a GPX file to a bike computer. Future work must be performed to improve the design of the user interface and user experience.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.138-140
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• 2020

As the IoT is applied to home and industrial networks, data generated by the IoT is being processed at the cloud edge. Intrusion detection function is very important because it can be operated by invading IoT devices through the cloud edge. Data delivered to the edge network in the cloud environment is traffic at the application layer. In order to determine the intrusion of the packet transmitted to the IoT, the intrusion should be detected at the application layer. This paper proposes the intrusion detection function at the application layer excluding normal traffic from IoT intrusion detection function. As the proposed method, we obtained the intrusion detection result by decision tree method and explained the detection result for each feature.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.57-66
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• 2022

Claims and disputes are major causes of cost and schedule overruns in the construction business. In order to manage claims and disputes effectively, it is necessary to analyze various types of contract documents punctually and accurately. Since volume of such documents is so vast, analyzing them in a timely manner is practically very challenging. Recently developed approaches such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning algorithms, and natural language processing (NLP) have been applied to various topics in the field of construction contract and claim management. Based on the systematic literature review, this paper analyzed the goals, methodologies, and application results of such approaches. AI methods applied to construction contract management are classified into several categories. This study identified possibilities and limitations of the application of such approaches. This study contributes to providing the directions for how such approaches should be applied to contract management for future studies, which will eventually lead to more effective management of claims and disputes.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to compare fecal microbes survival in soil between compost surface application and soil incorporation. The survival experiment was conducted in six styrofoam beds ($510{\times}325{\times}305(mm)$ in size) filled with sandy loam soil. A half of six boxes were received by compost surface application, while the other half were treated with compost-soil mixture. Duplicated surface and surbsurface soil (20 cm depth) samples were collected at various interval up to 50 days and analyzed for the determination of fecal coliforms and E. coli numbers. As expected, surface applied beds demonstrated two to three magnitudes order greater in both the study microorganisms as compared to soil incorporated beds. Microbial inactivation rate of soil surface was twice as great as subsurface soil condition probably due to exposure to sun light and environmental conditions including moisture loss. When rainfall occurred, microbes on the surface were transported into soil along with water movement. It was concluded that surface compost application may be easier to apply but pose higher risk of human exposure to microbes. Winter compost application may be favorable in alleviating health risk by giving some time for inactivation compared to spring application.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.73-86
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• 2006

Concentrated poultry production in the State of Alabama, U.S.A. results in excessive poultry litter. Application of poultry litter to pastures and row crops serves as a cheap alternative to commercial fertilizer. However, over the years, poultry litter application to perennial forage crops in the Appalachian Plateau region of North Alabama has resulted in phosphorus (P) buildup in soils. Phosphorus index (P-index) and comprehensive nutrient management plans (CNMP) are often used as a best management practice (BMP) for proper land application of litter. Because nutrient management planning is often not done for small animal feeding operations (AFOs), and also because, in case of excess litter, litter transportation infrastructure has not been developed, over application of poultry litter to near by area is a common practice. To alleviate this problem, optimal poultry litter management and transportation infrastructure needs to be developed. This paper presents a methodology to optimize poultry litter application and transportation through efficient nutrient management planning and transportation network analysis. The goal was accomplished through implementation of three important modules, a P-Index module, a CNMP module, and a transportation network analysis module within ArcGIS, a Geographic Information System (GIS). The CNMP and P-Index modules assist with land application of poultry litter at a rate that is protective of water quality, while the transportation network analysis module helps transport excess litter to areas requiring litter in the Appalachian Plateau and Black Belt (a nutrient-deficient area) regions. Once fully developed and implemented, such a system will help alleviate water quality problems in the Appalachian Plateau region and poor soil fertility problems in the Black Belt region by optimizing land application and transportation. The utility of the methodology is illustrated through a hypothetical case study.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.755-762
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• 2022

The existing electrical engineering design method and the dynamic objective function in the application process of automatic control system fail to meet the unbounded condition, which affects the control tracking accuracy. In order to improve the tracking control accuracy, this paper studies the electrical engineering design method based on neural network and the application of automatic control system. This paper analyzes the structure and working mechanism of electrical engineering automation control system by an automation control model with main control objectives. Following the analysis, an optimal solution of controllability design and fault-tolerant control is figured out. The automatic control power coefficient is distributed based on an ideal control effect of system. According to the distribution results, an automatic control algorithm is based on neural network for accurate control. The experimental results show that the electrical automation control method based on neural network can significantly reduce the control following error to 3.62%, improve the accuracy of the electrical automation tracking control, thus meeting the actual production needs of electrical engineering automation control system.