• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.573-582
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• 2018

This study develops and numerically verifies an innovative seismically resilient bracing system. The proposed self-centering tension-only brace (SC-TOB) is composed of a tensioning system to provide a self-centering response, a frictional device for energy dissipation, and a high-strength steel cable as a bracing element. It is considered to be an improvement over the traditional self-centering braces in terms of lightness, high bearing capacity, load relief, and double-elongation capacity. In this paper, the mechanics of the system are first described. Governing equations deduced from the developed analytical model to predict the behavior of the system are then provided. The results from a finite element validation confirm that the SC-TOB performs as analytically predicted. Key parameters including the activation displacement and load, the self-centering parameter, and equivalent viscous damping are investigated, and their influences on the system behavior are discussed. Finally, a design procedure considering controlled softening behavior is developed and illustrated through a design example.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 에너지 소산형 감쇠기가 설치된 철근콘크리트 구조물의 지진응답 저감효과를 확률적으로 평가하기 위하여 지진취약도 함수를 도출하였다. 가속도민감 영역과 속도민감 영역에 속하는 대표 고유주기를 갖는 비선형 단자유도 시스템으로 모델링된 철근콘크리트 구조물을 대상으로 강도와 강성의 불확실성을 고려하였다. 원구조물에 다양한 강성과 감쇠를 갖는 변위의존형 감쇠기를 부가하여 비선형시간이력해석을 수행하였으며, 해석결과의 통계를 바탕으로 로그정규분포 형태의 지진취약도 함수를 도출하였다. 원구조물의 종류별로 감쇠기의 설계변수에 따른 지진취약도 함수의 변화를 검토하고 이를 통해 손상확률의 저감효과를 분석하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2018

국내 공동주택 전단벽 구조시스템에 적용되는 감쇠장치는 대부분 인방형 형상으로 적용되고 있다. 인방형 감쇠장치는 좌우 전단벽을 연결하여 커플링 효과 및 추가 감쇠효과를 발휘하여 구조물 내진성능을 증대시킨다. 본 연구에서는 인방형 감쇠장치를 소개하고 감쇠장치가 적용된 구조물의 거동특성을 파악하였다. 제안된 감쇠장치는 힌지 및 변단면 형상으로 감쇠효과를 극대화시킨 구조로 유한요소 해석결과와 실험결과가 잘 일치하여 우수한 내진성능을 발휘하는 것으로 나타났으며, 해당 감쇠장치가 적용된 2차원 및 실제 공동주택 구조물을 대상으로 감쇠효과를 검토한 결과, 감쇠장치 커플링 효과로 기존구조물 대비 모든 구조물에서 내진성능 향상을 도모할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 검토한 실제 구조물에 대해서는 비선형 정적해석 결과, 강도 및 연성능력이 향상되는 것으로 나타났고, 비선형 동적해석 결과, 층간변형각이 15%~18%, 층가속도가 20%~28%, 밑면전단력이 15%~20% 감소하는 결과를 나타냈다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제3권6호
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• pp.569-581
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• 1995

In this paper, the seismic behavior of a 10-story building equipped with viscoelastic dampers is analyzed. The effects of ambient temperature, the thickness, the total area, and the position of the viscoelastic dampers are studied. Results indicate that the energy-absorbing capacity of viscoelastic damper decreases with increasing the ambient temperature. The thickness and the total area of viscoelastic dampers also affect the seismic mitigation capacity. The thickness cannot be too small, which is not effective in vibration reduction, nor can it be too large, which not only increases the cost but also reduces the seismic resistance. The total area of viscoelastic dampers should be determined properly for optimum damper performance at the most economical design. The mounting position of viscoelastic dampers also influences the structure's seismic performance. Numerical results show that, if properly equipped, the VE dampers can reduce the structural response both floor displacement and story shear force and increase the overall level of damping in structures during earthquakes.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2012

Cognitive networks (CNs) are capable of enabling dynamic spectrum allocation, and thus constitute a promising technology for future wireless communication. Whereas, the implementation of CN will lead to the requirement of an increased energy-arrival rate, which is a significant parameter in energy harvesting design of a cognitive user (CU) device. A well-designed spectrum-sensing scheme will lower the energy-arrival rate that is required and enable CNs to self-sustain, which will also help alleviate global warming. In this paper, spectrum sensing in a multi-user cognitive ad hoc network with a wide-band spectrum is considered. Based on the prospective spectrum sensing, we classify CN operation into two modes: Distributed and centralized. In a distributed network, each CU conducts spectrum sensing for its own data transmission, while in a centralized network, there is only one cognitive cluster header which performs spectrum sensing and broadcasts its sensing results to other CUs. Thus, a wide-band spectrum that is divided into multiple sub-channels can be sensed simultaneously in a distributed manner or sequentially in a centralized manner. We consider the energy consumption for spectrum sensing only of an analog-to-digital convertor (ADC). By formulating energy consumption for spectrum sensing in terms of the sub-channel sampling rate and whole-band sensing time, the sampling rate and whole-band sensing time that are optimal for minimizing the total energy consumption within sensing reliability constraints are obtained. A power dissipation model of an ADC, which plays an important role in formulating the energy efficiency problem, is presented. Using AD9051 as an ADC example, our numerical results show that the optimal sensing parameters will achieve a reduction in the energy-arrival rate of up to 97.7% and 50% in a distributed and a centralized network, respectively, when comparing the optimal and worst-case energy consumption for given system settings.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.489-496
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• 2005

In this paper, the feasibility of the high-performance damping device vibration suppression of stay cables has been investigated. The proposed damping system consists of a linear viscous damper and a scissor-jack-type toggle linkage. Since the mechanism of the scissor-jack-type toggle linkage amplifies the relative displacement of the linear viscous damper, it is expected that the capacity of the viscous damper used in the scissor-jack-damper energy dissipation system can be reduced without the loss of the control performance. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the damping system employing the scissor-jack-type toggle linkage. Therefore, the proposed damping system could be considered as one of the promising candidates for suppressing vibration of stay cable.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.11-12
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• 2016

Buildings which was constructed before 1988 were not satisfied seismic design code. Thus, most of these buildings have to retrofit for remodeling. This study proposed the steel slit damper system with displacement-amplification device. It could maximize the effectiveness of a damper system in controlling seismic response of a building by amplifying story drift induced to damper. In this study, the proposed system was verified the effect of displacement-amplification using the analytical and experimental study. From the analysis and experiment, it was found that the propsed damping system showed a stable hysteric behavior with excellent energy dissipation capacity. Therefore the proposed system will make a good seismic performance and economical benefits.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.399-412
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• 2011

This study compares the performance of two smart isolation systems that utilize superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs) for seismic protection of bridges using energy balance concepts. The first isolation system is a SMA/rubber-based isolation system (SRB-IS) and consists of a laminated rubber bearing that decouples the superstructure from the bridge piers and a SMA device that provides additional energy dissipation and re-centering capacity. The second isolation system, named as superelastic-friction base isolator (S-FBI), combines the superelastic SMAs with a flat steel-Teflon bearing rather than a laminated rubber bearing. Seismic energy equations of a bridge structure with SMA-based isolation systems are established by absolute and relative energy balance formulations. Nonlinear time history analyses are performed in order to assess the effectiveness of the isolation systems and to compare their performance. The program RSPMatch 2005 is employed to generate spectrum compatible ground motions that are used in time history analyses of the isolated bridge. Results indicate that SRB-IS produces higher seismic input energy, recoverable energy and base shears as compared to the S-FBI system. Also, it is shown that combining superelastic SMAs with a sliding bearing rather than rubber bearing significantly reduce the amount of the required SMA material.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1291-1311
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• 2015

This study investigates the seismic energy dissipation capacity of a hybrid passive damper composed of a friction and a hysteretic slit damper. The capacity of the hybrid device required to satisfy a given target performance of a reinforced concrete moment resisting frame designed with reduced design base shear is determined based on the ASCE/SEI 7-10 process, and the seismic performances of the structures designed without and with the hybrid dampers are verified by nonlinear dynamic analyses. Fragility analysis is carried out to investigate the probability of a specified limit state to be reached. The analysis results show that in the structure with hybrid dampers the residual displacements are generally reduced and the dissipated inelastic energy is mostly concentrated on the dampers. At the Moderate to Extensive damage states the fragility turned out to be smallest in the structure with the hybrid dampers.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.937-960
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• 2015

Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) have been a prevalent vibration control device for suppressing excessive vibration because of environmental loadings in contemporary tall buildings since the mid-1970s. A TMD must be tuned to the natural frequency of the primary structure to be effective. In practice, a TMD may be assembled in situ, simultaneously with the building construction. In such a situation, the respective dynamic properties of the TMD device and building cannot be identified to determine the tuning status of the TMD. For this purpose, a methodology was developed to obtain the parameters of the TMD and primary building on the basis of the eigenparameters of any two complex modes of the combined building-TMD system. The theory was derived in state-space to characterize the nonclassical damping feature of the system, and combined with a system identification technique to obtain the system eigenparameters using the acceleration measurements. The proposed procedure was first demonstrated using a numerical verification and then applied to real, experimental data of a large-scale building-TMD system. The results showed that the procedure is capable of identifying the respective parameters of the TMD and primary structure and is applicable in real implementations by using only the acceleration response measurements of the TMD and its located floor.