• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.179-197
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• 2019

This study presents the flora of vascular plants on Oenarodo Island, located in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. A list of vascular plants was created based on the herbarium of the National Biological Resource Center (NIBR) and the Daejeon University Biology Department herbarium (TUT) collected from field surveys. Based on specimens collected in the field during 21 separate field trips amounting to a total of 21 days conducted between March of 2015 and October of 2017, there are 587 taxa on Oenarodo Island, consisting of 122 families, 364 genera, 538 species, six subspecies, 41 varieties, and two forms. Among the collected plants, those endangered were four taxa, those endemic were 14 taxa, floristic regional indicator plants specially designated by the Ministry of the Environment amounted to 137 taxa, and those naturalized amounted to 46 taxa.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 2012

After having announced legislation for threatened or endangered species on the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants in 2005, the Korea Ministry of Environment proposed (in June 2011) amending the list, thereby delisting or reclassifying endangered species using new quantitative criteria for two levels (I and II), as well as status reviews. The new legislation included 40 species remained in their original endangered status, but 19 species were delisted, 5 species were proposed as candidates for delisting, 29 species were given a new endangered listing, and 3 species were proposed for an endangered listing in Korea. We assessed the threatened status of 98 plants using the IUCN Red List Criteria (version 3.1) at the global level, and compared the Ministry's revised criteria with the IUCN Red List Criteria and ESA criteria used in the USA. Most species proposed by the Ministry do not qualify as threatened and one of the major difficulties found in applying IUCN Red List Criteria at the global scale was a lack of knowledge on the status of species at broader geographic scales and the perceived difficulty this causes. Under the current classification process, many endangered species, such as Abeliophyllum distichum, Leontice microrhyncha, Echinosophora koreensis, Leontopodium coreanum, Iris odaesanensis, and Corylopsis coreana at global level were excluded here. Knowledge gaps and uncertainties mean that the number of taxa at high risk of extinction may be substantially greater than is currently understood. Due to a lack of information on its taxonomic status, currently there is controversy over the Red List status of Physocarpus insularis. Also, Caragana koreana, which was an invalidly published name, should be excluded here. Although the Korea Ministry of Environment insisted this procedure was conducted by applying the modified IUCN threat categories and definitions, this evaluation has been carried out based only on subjective views and misapplication of the IUCN Red List Criteria. The current listings by the Korea Ministry of Environment should be challenged. We suggest that broad species concepts on endemic species are applied and also criteria that adequately address the proper quantitative knowledge should be used. It is suggested that the highest priorities for the Red List should be given to endemic species at least in the Korean peninsula first at global scale.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.87-107
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for maintenance and management of river ecosystem by surveying and analysing the kinds and their characteristics of vascular plants in Bukcheon stream, Gyeongju-si, South Korea. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 428 taxa including 92 families, 265 genera, 3 subspecies, 24 varieties, 6 forms, 5 hybrids and 5 cultivars. Among the identified taxa, there were 90 planted species. The endangered wild species was Cicuta virosa, and the rare plants were 5 taxa including Prunus × yedoensis, Juniperus chinensis L. var. sargentii and so on. The Korean endemic plants were 5 taxa Populus × tomentiglandulosa, Salix koriyanagi, Lespedeza maritima, Forsythia koreana and Aster pseudoglehni. The specific plants by floristic region were 26 taxa including 2 taxa of grade V, 3 taxa of grade IV, 2 taxa of grade III, 8 taxa of grade II and 11 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were 81 taxa including Euphorbia maculata, Erigeron strigosus, Vulpia myuros and so on. The invasive alien plants were 7 taxa including Humulus scandens, Rumex acetosella, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia trifida, Lactuca seriola, Symphyotrichum pilosum and Paspalum distichum.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.180-194
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• 2009

588 taxa of vascular plants including 121 families, 399 genera, 510 species, 67 varieties, 2 subspecies, 7 forma, and 2 hybrid species were investigated in Mt. Cheonsung. Among them, 116 species were newly added in this research. The area for Gyeongbu High-speed Railway passes Mujechi 3, 4, 5, and 6 and Daeseongsa around the wetlands were investigated 6 species of rare and endangered plants, 9 species of endemic plants and 37 species of special flora plants in Mt. Cheonsung. Appear due to the construction of the Gyeongbu High-speed Railway vegetation changes, especially about the impact of wetland plants for long-term monitoring is expected to need. Moreover, plant preservation plan about water source change in upper wetland should be established.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-108
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• 2014

The inventory list of wildlife species inhabiting or distributing in Gyeonggi Province was made by compiling species data from precedent surveys, 10 national level nature surveys, 1 survey that Gyeonggi-do conducted, and 46 local surveys presented in scientific journals. Total 2,913 wildlife species including 2,041 vascular plants, 39 mammals, 304 birds, 34 herptiles, 145 fish, and 350 benthic macro-invertebrates were listed in the inventory. It explains 47% of nationwide total species in vascular plants, 31.5% in mammals, 58.2% in birds, 65.4% in herptiles, 12.2% in fish. The total number of important species including endangered species, national monuments, national red lists, etc. was 628 species, accounting for 21.6% of all listed species in Gyeonggi Province. More than 90% of endangered bird species, almost half of endangered fish and herptile species were found in Gyeonggi Province. In particular, abundant bird diversity and inhabitation of many endangered bird species were identified in Gyeonggi Province. Species diversity was greater in the northern area adjacent to the Demilitarized Zone and the eastern forest area. The distribution of the important species such as national endangered species was more distinct in these areas, especially in Gapyeong and Yeoncheon Counties. The inventory list compiled in this study implicates the level of management for biological resources and can provide information for policy decisions regarding new survey sites, protection management of specific species and areas, management practices by spatial characteristics. It should be more compiled and updated with survey data to be utilized as basic indices for local biodiversity strategies and management of biological resources.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate and analyze the vascular flora and injury status in Shinduri coastal dune area $(N36^{\circ}\;49',\;E126^{\circ}\;11')$, where designated as Natural Monuments and the result are as follows. The vascular plants identified and surveyed were 125 taxa including 108 species, 14 varieties, 2 forms and 1 hybrid of 92 genera of 40 families and there are 20 taxa including 17 species, 2 varieties and 1 hybrid of 15 genera of 10 families for woody plants, while 105 toxa including 91 species, 12 varieties and 2 forms of 78 genera of 34 families for the herbaceous plants at the . study sites. Seventeen taxa including 17 species of 15 genera of 9 families were investigated for naturalized plants and ratio of naturalization was 13.6 percents at the study sites. Glehnia littorolis Fr. Schm. and Lilium callosum S. et Z. appeared as rare and endangered plants designated in Korea Forest Service. Nine taxa in degree 1, 2 taxa in degree 2, 4 taxa in degree 3, 2 taxa in degree 4 and 2 taxa in degree 5 were represented for especialized species.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.346-359
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• 2004

Flora was investigated in the Dongbok stream area of hwasun-gun, Jeonllanam-do from February in 2002 to August, were identified as 206 taxa; 75 families,158 genera,174 species,31 varieties and 1 form of plant. Hydrophytes of research site was investigated total, 29 taxa; 16 families, 23 genera, 26 species and 3 varieties. Emerged plants, submerged plant, floating leaved plants and floating plants among the hydrophytes was classified 22, 4, 2 and 1 taxa respectively. Naturalized plants of research site was investigated total, 19 taxa; 10 families, 17 genera, 17 species, 2 varieties. Based on the list of rare and endangered plants from the Forest Research Institute and the Ministry of Environment 1 species Sparganium stoloniferum were recorded in the studied area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.159-179
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of vascular plants and their usefulness in Mt. Ilsan (Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do). The vascular plants were summarized as 496 taxa; 91 families, 295 genera, 422 species, 1 subspecies, 58 varieties, and 15 forma. Among the investigated 496 taxa, 17 Korean endemic, nine rare, and one endangered plants were included. Based on the list of the species of specially designated plants by the Ministry of Environment, 66 taxa including Hanabusaya asiatica and Aconitum koreanum were recorded in the investigated area. The naturalized plants were identified as 27 taxa and the percent of naturalized plant species(PN) was 5.4% of all 496 taxa vascular plants. Usage of 496 taxa were consists of 201 taxa(40.5%) of edible plants, 168 taxa(33.9%) of medicinal plants, 69 taxa(13.9%) of pasture plants, 61 taxa(12.3%) of ornamental plants, 17 taxa(3.4%) of timber plants, 16 taxa(3.2%) of fiber plants and 4 taxa(0.8%) of industrial plants.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.319-329
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• 2002

The vascular plants in the region of Guryongsan and Cheongoksan. Bonghwa-gun, Kyeongsangbuk-do, were consisted of 405 taxa; 96 families, 268 genus. 349 species. 51 varieties, 5 forms. From the floristic point of view, Guryoungsan and Cheongoksan belongs to the middle province in Korea. The rare and endangered plants appeared to 6 taxa were Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Iris ensata var. spontanea, Gastrodia elata, Rodgersia podophylla, Rhododendron micranthum and Scrophularia buergeriana investigated these area.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.153-165
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to provide basic data for the conservation of wetland ecosystems in the Civilian Control Zone and the management of Yongyangbo wetlands in South Korea. Yongyangbo wetlands have been designated as protected areas. A field survey was conducted across five sessions between April 2019 and August of 2019. A total of 248 taxa were identified during the survey, including 72 families, 163 genera, 230 species, 4 subspecies, and 14 varieties. Their life-forms were Th (therophytes) - R₅ (non-clonal form) - D₄ (clitochores) - e (erect form), with a disturbance index of 33.8%. Three taxa of rare plants were detected: Silene capitata Kom. and Polygonatum stenophyllum Maxim. known to be endangered species, and Aristolochia contorta Bunge, a least-concern species. S. capitata is a legally protected species designated as a Class II endangered species in South Korea. A total of 26 taxa of naturalized plants were observed, with a naturalization index of 10.5%. There was one endemic plant taxon (Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz). In terms of floristic target species, there was one taxon in class V, one taxon in Class IV, three taxa in Class III, five taxa in Class II, and seven taxa in Class I. Three invasive alien species (Ambrosia trifida L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., and Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc) were observed. For continuous conservation of Yongyangbo Wetlands, it is necessary to remove invasive alien plants and block the inflow of non-point pollutants.