• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.129-150
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• 2012

This study examined difference in the responses of children and therapists depending on children's problem type(internalization or externalization) and the therapists' levels of psychological burnout. Play therapy' cases (March 2010 ~ September 2011) were successfully concluded in more than 36 sessions, which targeting 14 children aged 4~9 who had emotional and behavioral problems and two therapists who consulted with the children. To examine the change in the play therapy stepwise process in this case, the responses in the children and the therapists were examined by dividing the stages of therapy into the early stage, the middle stage, and the late stage. The Results showed that (1) the children's response during the play therapy process were not significant different for both types of children's problems. Moreover, there were no differences with different levels psychological burnout by the therapist. (2) A change in the children's response during the play therapy process was noted in both children who had internalization problem and in those who had externalization problems. Moreover, according to the therapist's levels of psychological burnout, a change in the children's responses was indicated in the play therapy process. (3) The therapist's responses in the play therapy process did not show significant difference according to children's problem type or therapists' levels of psychological burnout. (4) A significant difference was noted in the responses between the therapists experiencing psychological burnout depending on their level.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.287-297
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• 1997

Conduct disorder has been subclassified by the symptom characteristics of socialization, aggression, or age of onset. In ICD-10, ‘Conduct disorder confined to family context’ has been developed as a distinct subtype. Which delineates the conduct problems which take place only in the family and related situation. These authors experienced a case which presents a child who shows aggressive and violent behavior to his parent and brother, severe tamper tantrum and destructiveness only in family. By through history taking, observation and treatment after admission, we could find that insecure and ambivalent attachment between parent and child due to chronic neglect and abuse, and inconsistent parental behavior contribute to many behavioral and emotional problems of this child. We reviewed the relationship between conduct disorder and family pathology and treatment strategy for conduct disorder with family problems.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of the cognitive performance, emotional and behavioral problems among the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) groups that show the difference between visual and auditory attention. Method : Using 'ADHD Diagnostic System(ADS)', visual attention and auditory attention of 98 children diagnosed as ADHD were measured. According to the omission and commission error of ADS, they were divided into three groups ; 1) the group whose each visual omission and commission error scores were higher than each auditory omission and commission error scores(VV group), 2) the group whose each auditory omission and commission error scores were higher than each visual omission and commission error scores(AA group), 3) the group that was the rest of VV and AA group(M group). And the results of both the subscales of Korean Educational Development Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(KEDI-WISC) and the subscales of Korean Child Behavior Checklist(K-CBCL) among three groups were compared. Finally, the correlation between the visual omission, visual commission, auditory omission, auditory commission error and the results of KEDI-WISC, K-CBCL were investigated. Results : The results were as follows ; 1) In 98 ADHD children, the number of VV group(N=56) was higher than that of AA (N=10) and M group (N=32). 2) All mean scores of the subscales of KEDI-WISC of VV group were higher than those of M and AA group. The score of verbal IQ(p=.039) of VV group was significantly higher than that of AA group and the scores of block design(p=.015), Kaufman's factor 2(p=.045), performance IQ(p=.004) were significantly higher than those of M group. The score of full IQ(p=.004) were significantly higher than that of M and AA group. 3) The mean scores of all K-CBCL subscales of VV group were higher than those of M and AA group, except the score of Somatic complaint subscale. The score of Social subscale(p=.041) of VV group was significantly higher than that of AA group. The score of Withdrawn subscale(p=.021) of AA group was significantly higher than that of VV group. 4) There were no significant correlation between the scores of visual omission/commission error and those of each subscale of KEDI-WISC. But, there were many significant correlations between the scores of auditory omission/commission error and those of each subscale of KEDI-WISC. 5) There were significant correlation between the score of the visual omission error and that of Thought problem subscale(r=.205, p=.043) of K-CBCL. There were significant correlation between the scores of the auditory omission error and those of Social subscale(r=-.319, p=.001), Social problems subscale(r=.206, p=.042), Thought problem subscale(r=.235, p=.021). Finally, there were significant correlation between the scores of auditory commission error and those of Social subscale(r=-.241, p=.017), Thought problem subscale(r=.235, p=.020). Conclusion : The ADHD children whose auditory attention ability were higher than visual attention ability had relatively better cognitive performance and less emotional/behavioral problems than the others. The more comprehensive experiment will be needed about the cognitive performance, emotion and behavior problems of the ADHD children showing the difference between visual and auditory attention.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.271-284
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the narrative therapy group counseling program using RPG(Role Playing Game) format on happiness and negative emotions in children. The subjects of this study were 30 elementary school students who were referred to emotional and behavioral problems in a mental health center or elementary school in Seoul. They were allocated into an experimental group and a control group containing 15 students. Experimental group received a 60-minutes-session per week for 8 weeks. As a result, negative emotions of the experimental group statistically and significantly decreased compared with the control group, as well as the happiness. Results after 20 days showed that was maintained. In conclusion, the narrative therapy group counseling program using RPG (Role Playing Game) format in this study was found to be effective in reducing negative emotions and increasing happiness.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.238-247
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• 1992

Immigration of Koreans to the United States has increased since the 1960's. Adjusting to life in the United States produces a great deal of stress for immigrants. Despite better economic opportunites, many see the U.S. culture as threatening to their family and cultural values. Differences in culture, language, expectations and social behavior can lead to misunderstandings between health care providers and clients. These misunderstanding can leaf to frustration on the part of each. The ultimate result of this is that often Korean-immigrants do not get their health care needs met and stress response symptoms can lead to disease if there is no appropriate care. To determine the health care needs and concerns of Korean-Americans, a health needs assessment is needed. Appropriate and adequate information about the health care needs of these individuals is important as it relates to American policy changes allowing greater numbers of immigrants to enter the U.S. The purpose of this prospective study was to describe Korean-American stress response. This study focused on the primary presenting problems for which subjects reported having sought care. These included a variety of stress-related symptoms, including peripheral manifestations, cardiopulmonary symptoms, central-neurological symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, muscle tension, habitual patterns, depression, anxiety, emotional irritability and cognitive disorganization. Of the 300 subjects who entered the study, 80% (N＝223) completed the questionnaire in full. Demographically, the percentage of females and males was 50% each and they ranged in age from 20 to 69 years. Ninety percent of the subjects were highly educated, 25% owners of business, 25% white collar professionals, 15% employed in sales or as skilled /unskilled labor, 30% had no occupation : and 5% were housewives or students. The SOS inventory is designed to quantify self-perception of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological components of the stress response. It consisted of 94 items divided into 10 subscales. The result of this study are as follows : The total mean 505 of all subjects (N＝223 was .8129 ; the mean 505 for male(N＝114) was .7665 and for females, (N＝108) .8594. The level of symptoms for central-neurologic and muscle tension was higher for than for males. The highest stress response of all subjects was emotional irritability symptoms(1.0644) : the lowest stress response of all subjects was peripheral manifestation symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the application of the multidisciplinary model, which is customized evidence-based counseling for abused preschool children done by a day care center teacher. Methods: The participants were 16 preschool children which were abused by a day care center teacher and their parents. The data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank test. Results: The multidisciplinary cooperative service model based on customized evidence-based counseling for abused preschool children, their parents, and day care center teachers was developed. Based on this model, customized evidence-based Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) emergency intervention was provided to preschool children abused by a day care teacher in Incheon. The multidisciplinary cooperative emergency intervention service proved to be effective in reducing emotional and behavioral problems of abused preschool children and enhancing the mental health of parents. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study indicated that the customized evidence-based counseling for abused preschool children done by a day care center teacher using the multidisciplinary cooperative linkage system would be effective, and that child abuse prevention by day care center teachers and intervention services should be provided systematically at the national level.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.81-101
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• 2009

This study examines married couples' forgiveness and forgiveness process in order to provide basic information related to married couples' forgiveness and to identify significant variables through analyzing socio-demographic characteristics affecting forgiveness and what influences the forgiveness process variables. Based on the study, the conclusions are as follows: First, men are affected by personal and intrinsic factors and women are affected by the other person's factor in the forgiveness. Married couples all expect that self-growth and the recovery of negative emotion occur through forgiveness. It indicates that the forgiveness contains a strong selfish character and not an altruistic character for others. Second, married couples experience hurt in the martial relationship due to problems caused by relationships with the husband's family, wife's family, and relatives. There is a significant difference between men and women in the period of problem occurrence, period of worry, seriousness degree of the problem, intention status of the problem, hurt degree, unfairness status of hurt, unfairness degree of hurt, and locus of control. Third, men's forgiveness level is higher in emotional forgiveness, cognitive forgiveness, and behavioral forgiveness. Among them, there is the biggest difference of cognitive forgiveness between men and women. Also, the variable affecting forgiveness is different between men and women.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 2005

School violence is known to cause various emotional, behavioral and social problems. Low self-esteem, lack of self consciousness, sense of alienation, guilty consciousness, somatoform symptoms and low concentration happened to adolescent victims. This patient was suffering for school violence during about a year, then Pain disorder occurred to him. Neurofeedback has been used as a complementary therapeutic relaxation and a increasing self-esteem technique. This patient, is a 13-year- boy, who had been exposed school violence for a year and caused severe and constant pain, was successfully treated by Neurofeedback therapy with oriental medication. This case report is focused on treatment through these methods.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.911-921
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• 2008

Learning disabilities (LD) are heterogeneous group of disorders with evidences of genetic or familial trait, intrinsic to the individual and presume to be due to central nervous dysfunction. Learning disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the two of the most common disorders in the population of school-age children. Typically academic achievements in children with learning disabilities are significantly lower than expected by their normal or above normal range of IQ. Although academic and cognitive deficits are hallmarks of children with LD, those children are also at risk for a broad range of behavioral and emotional problems. Almost all cases meet criteria for at least one additional diagnosis such as ADHD, developmental coordination disorder, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, tic disorder, among which ADHD is particularly predominant. Because of the response to the therapeutic intervention program is promising and positive when applied early, it is critical to recognize patients as early as possible. Pediatricians often are the first to hear from parents worried about a childs academic progress. It is not the responsibility of pediatrician to make a diagnosis, referring children for a diagnostic evaluation of LD is a reasonable first step. Pediatricians can make early referral of suspicious children by asking some serial short questions about basic and processing skills. With a basic knowledge about the clinical characteristics, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of LD, pediatricians also can provide primary counseling and education for parents at their outpatient clinical settings.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.653-660
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to measure the causal relationships among such variables as moral concerns for animals, meat texture, meat color, satiety from meat, disgust with meat and pork consumption. A total of 250 questionnaires were completed. Structural equation models were used to measure the causal effects of the constructs. The study outcomes demonstrated that the structural analysis results of the data were an excellent model fit. The effects of moral concerns for animals, meat texture and satiety from meat on the disgust with meat were statistically significant. As expected, disgust with meat had a significant effect on pork consumption. Moreover, moral concerns for animals and satiety from meat had a significant indirect effect on pork consumption through disgust with meat. Also, satiety from meat alone had a significant indirect effect on pork consumption through disgust with meat. By developing and testing conceptual models that integrated the relationships among ideational variables, sensory affective variables, anticipated consequences variables, emotional variables, and behavioral variables, this study may approach a deeper understanding of the complex relationships among pork consumption-related variables. A greater understanding of these complex relationships can improve the managerial diagnosis of problems as well as opportunities for different marketing strategies, including pork production and pork product development, and marketing communications.