• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.95-106
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument which measures children's stress coping behaviors. The first 89 items were selected based on a literture review and a pilot study of 129 children with open questions. The final 75 items were selected using the data from subjects of 500 4th-5th and 6th grade children living in Seoul. The main study was conducted on March 5-10 1997. The data were analysis by frequencies percentages factor analysis and Cronbach's a. The resulting nine catagorical factors of 75 items in strument for children's stress coping behaviors were as fallows: positive revaluation of the situation emotional aggression problem-facing behavior information search for problem-solving emotion-vonvering behavior avoidance seeking spiritual support physical seperation for emotional relaxation emotional expression, The 9-factor 75-item scale explains 60.9% of children's stress coping behaviors and its value of Cronbach's a is 9.5.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.103-113
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• 2011

This study investigated the structural relationships between attachment, social competence, and emotion regulation. A survey was administered to 233 children of elementary school age(5th-6th grades) in G-city, Korea, using the IPPA-R, the Social Competence Inventory and an Emotion Regulation Scale. The collected data were then analyzed using a Canonical Correlation Analysis. First, the relationship between attachment and social competence was analyzed. The results showed that attachment and social competence have a positively correlated relationship. Peer attachments strongly affect the attributes of social competence when using a canonical variate analysis. Secondly, the relationship between attachment and emotional regulation was analyzed. The results showed that attachment and emotion regulation are also positively correlated. Maternal attachment particularly strongly affected the attributes of emotion regulation. Thirdly, the relationship between social competence and emotional regulation was analyzed. The results showed that social competence and emotional regulation have a positive relationship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.133-142
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study is to develop and validate the scale measuring consumer empathic response to advertising drama. Through a series of consumer surveys and factor analyses, the Consumer Empathic Response to Advertising Scale (the CERA scale) containing 11-Likert format items was developed. The CERA scale consists of three factors which are empathic understanding, identification, and vicarious emotional response. The CERA scale improves the content validity of the existing consumer empathy scales by including identification factor which has been ignored.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.493-500
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• 2010

The development of new technology and diversity in user needs lead mobile phone manufacturers to establish new strategies different from the existing for user attraction. Product identity, and brand image are major strategies for differentiation and adding new values to a product. This research starts with stating emotional brand image as the brand image made by the actual usage and the emotion built from the experience while using the product. This research will compare emotional brand image of the three major mobile phone manufactures in Korea (Brand A, C, and S) using evaluation of six representative emotions from users while using the product. The result of evaluating actual mobile phone users and the emotion built while actually using the product showed the brand image, and especially the emotional side of Korean mobile phone manufacturers. The result of this research itself would not be sufficient to simply state the emotional brand image of Korean mobile phone manufactures, but with further research including age, profession, gender and other demographic factors the result of this research would surely be able to abstract a clearer view of emotional brand image of Korean mobile phone manufactures.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.741-748
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• 2015

The aim of this paper is to select a distinct vocabulary for understanding the media facade of user and to lay the foundation for a media facade emotional scale. Firstly, we assembled a set of emotional words that were sufficient to represent a general overview of korean emotions, collected from various literature studies. Secondly, we found emotional words from collecting user opinion on the Youtube website. Finally the emotional words were collected from phrase by using non-structural survey. The collected words were integrated according to standards and they were organized 39 pieces that can be used in the survey. As a result, we extracted 21 emotional words for measuring user's emotions expressed while watching media facade, such as 'novel', 'cool', 'awesome', 'gorgeous', 'exciting', 'amazing', 'wonderful,', 'showy', 'great,', 'intense', 'good', 'grand', 'colorful', 'unique', 'variety', 'new', 'fun', 'beautiful', 'luxurious,', 'mysterious', 'satisfactory'. And we categorized the 21 words to form 5 elements by using factor analysis such as 'surprise', 'attention', 'variety', 'aesthetics', 'interest'.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.137-147
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• 2019

We identified the mediating role of interpersonal issues in the relationship between adult attachment type and emotional expression ambivalence. The subjects of the study were 327 emotional workers who lived in five cities. As the scale, ECR-R, AEQ-K, and IIP were used. Sobel verification was performed after multiple regression analysis. The results show that the interpersonal problem partially mediates between the attachment and emotional expression ambivalence. This suggests that the characteristics of interpersonal relationships affect emotional emotions in forming close attachment relationships of emotional workers. Subsequent research will expand the scope of research by supplementing the shortcomings of existing research.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.571-579
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• 2021

This study aims to identify the relationship between ADHD trait and game addiction among high school students, and to examine the double mediating model of hardiness and emotional use of music on that relationship. Participants were 254 male and female high school students. World Health Organization ADHD Self-Report Scale, Short Form of Hardiness Questionnaire, Use of Music Inventory, and Internet Gaming Use-Elicited Symptom Screen were used for this study. PROCESS Macro 3.5 Model 6 was used to analyse a double mediating effect. Results revealed that ADHD trait was negatively correlated with hardiness of high school students, and positively correlated with emotional use of music and game addiction. And, hardiness of high school students was positively correlated with emotional use of music and negatively correlated with game addiction, whereas emotional use of music was negatively correlated with game addiction. It was found that hardiness and emotional use of music were sequentially mediating ADHD trait and game addiction among high school students. These findings suggest that hardiness and emotional use of music play some special roles in the path in which adolescents' ADHD trait affects game addiction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.586-594
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to propose interventions on emotional labor and health issues through verifying the mediating effects of depression and anxiety on the relationship between emotional labor and somatic symptoms in medical workers. For this study, a sample of 200 medical workers completed the questionnaires of the Korean Emotional Labor Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-15, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. Results showed a risk of emotional labor, depression, and somatic symptoms in medical workers. 2. The risk group of the emotional labor's 4 factors (excluding organizational support and protection system) had a significantly higher level of depression compared with the normal group. Particularly in emotional dissonance and impairment, depression in the risk group was moderate, while depression in the normal group was normal. 3. Only emotional dissonance and impairment had a significant influence on somatic symptoms. Reflecting the results, the mediating effects of depression and anxiety on the relationship between emotional dissonance and impairment and somatic symptoms were verified. Results showed that depression had a partial mediating effect, whereas anxiety did not have a mediating effect. Finally, we discuss the necessity of dealing with emotional dissonance and depression in emotional labor and health issues.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.237-247
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level and intensity of emotional labor of physical therapists and occupational therapists, and to identify the factors affecting them. Cross-sectional study was conducted on physical therapists and occupational therapists across the country using self-populated questionnaire. A total of 2,000 questionnaires were distributed to retrieve 1,500 questionnaires(75%), of which 1,374 questionnaires(68.7%) were finally analyzed, excluding 126 that answered duplicates or were missing answers. Multi-linear regression was performed to identify factors on the strength of emotional labor. According to the analysis results, high-risk groups in the areas under 'Emotional demand and regulation' and 'Overload and conflict in customer service' and 'Emotional disharmony and hurt' were 29.4%, 19.0% and 22.0% respectively, especially in 'Emotional demand and regulation', 'Overload and conflict in customer service', 'Emotional disharmony and hurt' for women working days, and 49% of daily work hours. Accordingly, we will be able to regularly screen physical therapists and occupational therapists for dangerous groups, and manage the intensity of emotional labor through the creation of a therapist's working environment, such as limiting overtime hours and assigning appropriate number of patients. Through this study, the grounds and methods for mitigating the negative effects of emotional labor and mediating emotional labor should be provided.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2018

Objective : High-risk pregnant women are exposed to the physical and emotional crisis associate with the condition of high-risk pregnancy, making these women emotionally unstable, exhibiting such conditions as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to examine what effects the temperament and character of high-risk pregnant women had on their depression, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment. Methods : A hundred and five high-risk pregnant women were recruited in the maternity ward of the Keimyung University medical center. All subjects were administered a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, State Trait Anxiety Inventory-State, and Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. Results : First, higher scores on the harm-avoidance scale and lower scores on the self-directedness scale were associated with higher depression scores. Second, higher scores on the harm-avoidance and reward-dependence scale were associated with higher anxiety scores. Lastly, higher scores on the cooperativeness scale were associated with higher maternal-fetal attachment scores. Conclusion : Temperament and character in high-risk pregnant women were associated with the degree of depression, anxiety, maternal-fetal attachment. Based on these findings, it is suggested that examining temperament and character in advance and screening for vulnerability in pregnant women can help to prevent emotional problems for high-risk pregnant women.