• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.136-146
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• 2000

Although the urban elevated road is welcomed in modern society to deal with urban traffic problems, its negative influence on both the pedestrian environment and urban landscape has been frequently observed. Furthermore, the space under elevated structures has been ignored, being the lost space. Recently, several efforts have been devoted into bringing back the lostspace. However, any specific design guidelines shown in the street design of Japan and Singapore have not been suggested in Korea, yet. This study proposes a case of the Nengdong-Ro street design where the two-story urban elevated road is being constructed and negative effects of the elevated road are largely expected. One of the purposes of Nengdong-Ro street design proposed in this study is to relieve the negative effect os the two-story elevated road, and to provide a better pedestrian environment in Nengdong-Ro. The other purpose is to suggest general guidelines that can be applied to the similar context as Nengdong-Ro. It is considered that the space under the elevated road generally consist of three sections: 1) main section where the elevated road runs parallel with the ground, 2) landing section where elevated road goes down to the ground, and 3) facility section where facilities such as the platform and the ticketing booth are located. The design guidelines are suggested for each section, because each section has a different situation. Plans, section and elevations and the details of the street furniture are also incorporated to support the design guidelines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.485-490
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• 2004

Recently, distribution transfer velocity was extremely lowered by high supply rate of vehicle and low road rate. Therefore expansions of transfer network these were subway, road and railway to recover competitive power as a reform measure of physical distribution traffic were become preference previous subject. For reason of that, an expansion of transfer network is meeting competitive power as selected an elevated road in the ground road network that condition of location calm and get out of the existing urban than the underground road to connect oversensitive a large city and expanded small and medium satellite town. In the meantime, while elevated structures construct, they go through the civilian residential section, agriculture land, etc. The consequence is that it raises a vibration, noise, dust, an infringement of the right to a view and an infringement of the right to a sunshine. In this study, we analyzed Quantitatively sunshine quantity with building 3D simulation model of civil structure. Therefore, we present as planning data to reduce a civilian appeal for dispute of the right to sunshine and an economic and time loss between the government and construction company In addition to that, for the standard of the standard plan of usable sunshine quantity program in the practical business, the building of convenient user interface will be the project to be done.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.297-313
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• 2006

The concentration of air pollution along roads is higher than the surrounding area because ventilation efficiency has decreased due to the high-density use of space along roads in recent years. In this study, ventilation efficiency around a heavily traffic road covered by an elevated highway and hemmed in along its side by buildings is evaluated using Visitation Frequency (VF, the frequency for pollutant to return to the objective domain) and Purging Flow Rate (PFR, the air flow rate for defining the local domain-averaged concentration). These are analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model. The VF and PFR characteristics of four objective domains are analyzed in terms of the changes in wind direction and arrangements of the fencing dividing up and down direction in the road center under the elevated highway. The resulting VFs are more than 1.0 for all cases, which means that pollutants return to the objective domain restricted by the elevated highway and side buildings. The influence of the arrangement of the buildings around the objective domain and the structure in the domain on the VF is substantial. In cases where there are no obstacles under the elevated highway, the local air exchange rate in the domain tends to be improved. Using these indices, the urban ventilation efficiencies between different urban areas can be compared easily.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.49-58
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• 2009

Current sunshine regulations of our country, focused on common houses and general construction, are failing to reflect adequately the characteristics of roads and elevated structures. Besides, researches are chiefly being conducted on a pitch between common houses and its diverse effects, neglecting clearance between a road or elevated structure and a residential area, environmental elements brought on by structures, such as sunshine difficulty, and their resultant factors Therefore, this study, focused on the sunshine environment of elevated structures adjacent to a residential district, as part of all roads and elevated structures, looked over currently used clearance adequacy level and analyzed the characteristics of structures in relation to an angle of direction. Then, clearance ratio by heights was calculated through a pitch by characteristics of a structure. With a view to minimize the sunshine difficulty that might occur in the future construction, it aims to propose the basic data needed for calculating the minimum clearance, while emphasizing the necessity for institutional alignment on structures.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.869-881
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• 1999

Inchon International Airport Elevated Road Way is located between the Passenger Terminal Building and Transportaion Center which are Inchon International Airport core construction projects. The deck of the bridge is consists of 5-span or 6-span continuous pre-stressed concrete slab. Steel form has been used to enhance the quality of texture on concrete slab. Steel form has been used to enhance the quality of texture on concrete surface, lower surface of deck slab with the two way arch has been manufactured by highly professional manner in order to get an beautiful exterior architectural looks. The prestressed concrete deck slab is mass concrete structures with a high-specified concrete strength and a varying section in the range of 0.95-2.8m thickness. Therefore high risks of thermal cracking occurrence by heat of hydration highly are expected. To resolve such problem, we adopted type 1 cement and pipe cooking method at construction site through mass concrete specimen test and 3-dimensional analysis. For Pipe cooling we used 25mm diameter stainless pipes with wrinkles. Cooling pipe with spacing 50-60cm has been installed. And continuous pipe cooling with cooling water of 15$^{\circ}C$ was conducted for 2days. In present 8 span of all 29 spans construction has been completed. No thermal cracking heat hydration has been observed yet.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.99-106
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• 2010

The project of Cheonggyecheon revived the 5.8 kilometer stream and it removed the cover of stream and Cheonggye elevated road. It was begin October of 2003 and completed October of 2005. The purpose of this study is to analyze the air pollution change of Cheonggyecheon area and neighboring area from before and after the project. The change of concentration is compared with an air monitoring station data and measurement data. The analyzed pollutants are $NO_2$, $PM_{10}$, heavy metal, VOC which are measured at Cheonggyecheon and neighboring area. As the results, $NO_2$ concentration shows 10 % decreases in Cheonggyecheon area and neighboring area shows 16 % decreases by Chenoggyecheon restoration, and $PM_{10}$ concentration shows 15 % decreases in Cheonggyecheon area and neighboring area shows 16 % increases. One of VOC, benzene is increased in Cheonggyecheon area compared with neighboring area but Toluene, Ethylbenzene, m+p Xylene increased in neighboring area. After the Cheonggyecheon restoration, The heavy metals are not shows the improvement, but $PM_{10}$ and $NO_2$ concentration improved more than the changes of neighboring area. These improvements of pollution due to reduction of transportation and clearing of elevated road by Cheonggyecheon restoration project.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2017

PURPOSES: This study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of a school zone traffic safety improvement project on the number of accidents involving children in these zones. METHODS : To analyze the correlation between school zone traffic safety features of roads in the zone and the number of accidents involving children, we developed an occurrence probability model of traffic accidents involving children by using a binary logistic regression model with SPSS 23.0 software. Two separate models were developed for two zones: interior block and arterial road. RESULTS :The model depicted that in the case of the interior block, shorter sidewalk width, speed bump, and an elevated crosswalk were key factors affecting the occurrence of accidents involving children. In the case of arterial roads exceeding a width of 12 m, the speed limit, roadside barriers, and red paving of road surfaces were found to be the key factors. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study can serve as the elementary research data to help improve the effectiveness of school zone traffic safety improvement projects and school zone road repair projects in future.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.199-205
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• 2008

The monorail system as new transportation system mostly has being constructed as an elevated construction and the track beam as mostly main work type occupy the important parts. The structure of monorail system, the track beam support directly vehicle's load and comprised of the track beam structure to be traveling side and understructure to be transmitted from their load to the ground. In particular, in case of construction to elevated structure in the center of a city, it is important to decision plan for span to be considered the economic, execution and maintenance according to transport, installation, and the structure problem, scene and civil appeals to be decided the beam elevation and span. Therefore the standard span of monorail track beam shall be considered the efficient execution, economic and transportation. And propose to reasonable decision plan incorporated the minimizing the road occupied width due to openness to center of a city and bridge pole, minimize to basis size.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

This study analyzed Japan's three-dimensional road system as part of a study on urban regeneration plans through the three-dimensional use of road space. The three-dimensional road system integrates the Road Act, Urban Planning Act, and the Building Standard Act. The advantage of the three-dimensional road system is that landowners can freely use the space above and below the road so that they can live and operate sustainably, and road managers have the advantage of reducing the land acquisition costs because they only acquire rights to the road. In terms of type, it is applied to a variety of integrated and separated structures in elevated roads, underpasses, free passages, parking lots, and monorails. In addition, in the case of development methods, the degree of freedom of development plans is improved by enabling integrated maintenance of roads and buildings. Management stability is improved by applying management and law-based authority according to the Road Act. In this way, the three-dimensional road system provides support to maximize the use of limited available land through the three-dimensional use of road space, and to develop sustainable and good urban areas in development areas.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.236-242
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• 2002

This paper presents some advanced and supplemental methods to enhance the accuracy In case of calculating geometric divergence attenuation, attenuation by multiple screening structures, ground attenuation at unflat surfaces of sound during propagation outdoors by the methods specified in ISO 9613-2. Moreover, a calculation method for considering short-term wind effect, specified in ASJ Model-1998, is also introduced. To verity the accuracy of adopted methods, we have carried out highway traffic noise prediction and measurement at tile twelve locations appearing representative road shapes and structures, such as flat, retained cut, elevated, barrier-constructed roads. From the results, we have confirmed the predicted results show good correspondence with the measured at direct, diffracted and reflected sound fields within 30 m from the center of near side lane.