• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.603-617
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• 2012

The 2011 Revision of the National Mathematics Curriculum, amended based on the 2009 Curriculum version, focuses on three important issues: 1) 20% reduction of the previous curriculum contents; 2) improvement of students' creativity through mathematical processes; 3) flexible management of curriculum. Despite the importance in applications, it has not provided a manual for textbook authors and teachers. Consequently, they are likely to encounter difficulties in interpreting goals of learning achievements. This paper identifies the purposes and contents of achievement standards, and discusses how to implement it at school.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.78
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• pp.73-91
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• 2018

When existing trade creates a product, a series of processes is terminated when a seller or a buyer subscribes for transportation insurance and is guided through customs procedures according to the terms of the sales contract and then receives payment for it. Training practical Trade kowhow is also educated focusing on the procedures of these contracts. A new paradigm of the fourth industrial revolution was launched in the development of information communication technology and computer technology. Also, due to the Xinhuo tradeism triggered by the United States, the risk of commodity trading is further increasing. Currently, trade practical education of university and industry is carried out for most lecture and discussion. Since 2014, the curriculumof the department of trade has been increasingly managed by the NCS process. The curriculumof the department of trade department has the advantage of being managed in consideration of the characteristics of the company that wishes to find employment and the level of work content. Standardized, the curriculumcan faithfully reflect the characteristics of the company and the level of the work content. In the new era, a new educational method that reflects the trend of the 4th industrial revolution era is necessary. In this research, we propose that service trade practical education should be educated mainly on contracts, not on procedural basis as with traditional commodity trade education.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.403-428
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• 2011

The direction of recent education literature points to the importance of creativity and creative practices, which also plays an important role in character education and has been recognized as being invaluable for the educational goals of the 21st century. As such, the goal of mathematics educators and researchers has also been on emphasizing the importance of building character and promoting creative practices. In this research, we study the pedagogical measures that can be easily implemented in classrooms to foster creative mathematical thinking and practices in students. In particular, the mathematical topic of interest is three-dimensional geometry, and especially polygons, and processes in which mathematical knowledge and creative practices play out in classrooms. For example, we explore how these creative lessons can be organized as the target internalization lessons, concepts definition lessons, regularity and relationship lessons, question posing lessons, and narrative story lessons. All of these lessons share three commonalities: 1) they require specific planning and execution challenges in order to achieve creative tasks, 2) they take advantage of open-ended problems, and 3) they are activity-oriented. Through this study, we hope to further our understanding on successful creative mathematical educational practices in the field of mathematics education, and help establish model lessons and materials for teachers and educators to use towards such goals.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.957-969
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• 2002

Theoretical benefits and research findings on the use of Microcomputer-based Laboratory (MBL) are considered for using MBL in a way that will be of benefit to students and teachers, and discussed as a whole for further synthesis, including the formulation of a research agenda for future consensus-based action. Based on the findings obtained from a comprehensive review of the literature, using a systematic approach, the uses of MBL were compared and contrasted for advancing understanding of the teaching and learning processes in science and mathematics. A number of benefits were proposed by MBL developers but not investigated by educational researchers. A few research studies considered the following practical aspects raised by classroom science teachers: technical problems of MBL equipment; inaccuracy or incompleteness of presentation; efficient ways for handling class time with MBL instruction; and development of MBL curriculum materials for their own instruction. This lack of research related to the use of MBL in science classrooms resulted in educational research that was neither respected nor utilized by science teachers. Setting a research agenda based on the theoretical benefits and research findings is necessary for the effective use of MBL in science classrooms can help to maximize the prospects for successful school improvement projects while minimizing the innovation-related frustrations of individuals.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2004

To get an appropriate and meaningful performance assessment outcomes and to provide the base of essential elementary educational evaluations, we had tried to establish achievement standards, assessment standards and had developed appropriate assessment tools in 「Intelligent Life」 course of the elementary school in this study. The following things were taken into account to establish achievement standards, assessment standards and to develop assessment tools. First, managing deeply not only cognitive domain but also the basic inquiry skills and affective domain, all-round educational properties of integrated courses were likely to come out. Second, evaluating instructional processes as well as instructional results, we had developed assessment standards in elementary 2nd grade's 「Intelligent Life」 course. Third, developing assessment standards on the basis of the 7th Curriculum, we had examined both text book and teacher's guide to promote effectiveness of field application. The type of an assessment tools had been developed variously, considering the characteristics of the elementary lower grades and properties of elementary 2nd grade's 「Intelligent Life」 course. We had developed assessment tools to observe and evaluate practical achievement levels, placing great importance on the types of an assessment tools including observing, narrative of inquiry, report, etc. As a result of investigation of elementary teachers' understandings of the developed achievement standards, assessment standards, and an assessment tools, were revealed in the affirmative on the whole.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

The demands are increasing for the efficient heating and cooling system and thermal comfort environment because of changes in climate and environment, and deterioration of buildings and facilities can cause education budget to increase. So the study to apply heating and cooling system to university is urgently needed to improve an optimum energy saving system, educational environment and convenience of maintenance. For this reason, we selected a university campus in Seoul then came to understand the current situation and found some problems. We drew alternatives from comparative analysis of them. It selects representative building and carries out economic analysis to evaluate characteristics of energy consumption and economics on each type of heating and cooling system. As a result we drew the optimum system from those processes as previously stated. We studied 3 available systems, absorption chiller, EHP(Electric Heat Pump) and GHP(Gas Engine Heat Pump). According to LCC analysis suppose that the value of EHP is 1, it came out that the value of absorption chiller is 1.5 and the value of GHP is 2.2. This study, suggesting the optimum heating and cooling system, will support educational and research activities furthermore effect to maximize energy efficiency. Ultimately it is expected that it will contribute to make eco-friendly Green Campus.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

School is where students spend a lot of time. However, it is made up spaces which have got no consideration for students. Public buildings, such as schools, were designed by experts, not by users, while the opinions of users were reflected in a small part. As a result, school has become an uncomfortable place for students. User participation design has been proposed as a way to improve it. Recently, in designing schools, user participation design called "School Space Innovation Project" has been carried out actively and many kinds of guidelines have been suggested in project. But because it is unsystematic, In fact, it is hard to apply on site. Comparing and analyzing various User Participation Processes to figure out the similarities and differences is the purpose of this research and we want to suggest the result as a data that can be used as guidelines for project related to User Participation Design.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.465-475
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• 2005

In this study, to explore the ways of the development of the effective and desirable teaching and learning materials for the elementary science gifted, relevant previous research results were critically examined and integrated. Then a theoretical background was established and specific materials in Life Areas of elementary science was developed based on the science knowledge construction types of 'What', 'How', and 'Why'. The results could be summarized as follows: (1) The types of educational programs for the science gifted were categorized and defined as 'General-Level','Early-Growing, Fast-Growing General Level', and 'Slow-Growing Enrichment, Excellence 'Types. (2) For 5th graders, in the unit of 'Environment and living Organisms', some activities of Enrichment Type for subject on 'Changes of Living Organism with Temperature' were developed following the processes of RDPE (Research-Development-Practice-Evaluation) and their ways of using and assessment were presented. On the basis of these results, several educational implications were discussed for further research and ways of applying to the science gifted education.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.3-12
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to provide the planning guideline for the multi-purposed classroom in the elementary school and middle school using questionnaire and user participation method. As the user participation method, the design workshop in the study contains participation techniques, community action planning, and participation game. The design workshop used the design kit as a communication tool. Four user groups, selected from teachers and child in the elementary school and middle school, to be reconstructed, participated in a design workshop with design kit, and each group produced their own plans. The result of this study is as follows; (1) Teachers wanted multi-purposed classroom to be used by two classes. (2) The size of the multi-purposed classroom was preferred 1.5 times(30 py.) of the regular classroom. (3) By considering the characteristics of students it was required the open space in elementary, but required it to be separated from the regular classroom in middle school. (4) Through the analysis, we could grasp the processes that the users' needs were practically applied to design. Our design workshop method should be hereafter modified and advanced, but showed the usefulness in many aspects.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.249-256
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• 2021

An issue of security and threat is urgent as well as it concerns everyone: a person, community, state, etc. Today, the question of cybersecurity has become especially relevant due to general digitalization and the spread of the cyberculture. In terms of it, the growing popularity of videogames can be observed. Their impact on society differs significantly, therefore, it needs thorough consideration. The purpose of the article is to disclose the role of videogames in cybersecurity. To achieve the stated purpose, such methods as analysis, synthesis, systematization and practical involvement of videogames have been used. As a result, three levels of possible threat of videogames has been distinguished: videogames as a possibly dangerous software, as a tool of propaganda and spread of stereotypes, as a space for the creation of virtual communities. In conclusion, it is stated that videogames can be not only a threat, but also a tool for strengthening the cybersecurity.