• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of indicator organisms in essential sanitary ware in public restrooms. Methods: Twelve public restrooms were randomly selected. Samples at three locations (toilet seat, toilet flush handle/lever, and faucet handle) in the restrooms were collected with moistened-sterile cotton swabs and applied to media in order to determine aerobic colony count (ACC), total coliforms, and Escherichia coli. Results: Most of the samples taken in summer showed a higher level of ACC than those taken in winter (p<0.05). Female restrooms showed higher ACC levels on faucet handles and male restrooms on toilet flush handles/levers (p<0.05). Overall, faucet handles contained the greatest level of ACC, followed by toilet seats, whereas the least load was found on toilet flush handles/levers. The ACC level of samples in the restrooms in public parks, subway stations, and educational institutions varied. Total coliforms were identified in about 20% of toilet seats and faucet handles in male restrooms and faucet handles in female restrooms in summer. These locations were also the sites of positive results of E. coli isolation. Conclusions: The public restrooms were significantly more contaminated in summer than in winter. Overall, the most contaminated locations in the restrooms were toilet seats in male restrooms, and faucet handles in female restrooms. Poor hygienic status was indicated by the positive results of total coliforms and E. coli on samples from some sites. Therefore, sanitary control of restrooms should be improved. These results should be confirmed in a larger study that includes more public restrooms.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.103-117
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between female adolescents's relationships with their parents, psychological well-being, and attitudes towards eating. General characteristics of the subjects such as their school grades, and religion, and their parents' level of educational, marital status, and income were also analyzed in relation with the three major variables. Female adolescents' psychological well-being consisted of two indices: self-esteem and depression. The sample of this study consisted of 419 female students from 4 middle schools and 2 high schools located in Jeollabuk-Do province and the data were collected by using the method of self-administered questionnaires. The results of the analyses showed that there were significant differences in the level of parental attachment across parents' marital status, father's education level, and family income. Participants' psychological well-being levels were also different according to their grades, parents' marital status, and father's education level and income; and the level of eating attitude was different according to their school grades. The correlation analyses results indicated that parental attachment was positively related to self-esteem but negatively to a depressive mood. In addition, female students' eating attitudes were negatively associated with parental attachment and self-esteem, but positively with a depressive mood. Finally, multiple regression analysis found that a negative eating attitude was strongly influenced by a depressive mood, while parental attachment seemed to influence eating attitude indirectly through a depressive mood.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2006

This study was to investigate dietary habit for residents in the rural area of Chonnam, Muan. The subjects were composed of $61.2\%$ male and $38.3\%$ female (510 adults). In regularity of meal time, $56.3\%$ of the subjects had meals regularly. The older people were significantly higher than the younger people at regular intervals of meal times (p < 0.0001) . The majority of the subjects had appropriate meal amounts. $73.5\%$ of the subjects had balanced diets. Unbalanced diet was higher in younger people than in older people. The highest frequency to dining out was once a month and the lower age was significantly higher than older age (p < 0.001) When dining-out, the most important criteria for selecting a meal was the taste of food. $62.4\%$ of the subjects ate meat and greasy animal food more than once a week. The younger in age and higher in educational levels have increased meat intake frequency. In the eating methods of animal fat, $37.5\%$ of the subjects were high by eating generally untouched. The older in age, lower in education level have more increased animal fat intake frequency. $60.7\%$ of the subjects took snacks. The kinds of snacks were fruits, coffee, alcoholic drinks, candies and confectioneries, drinkables and tea, milk and dairy products, in order. Consequently, nutrition education is for them with special emphasis on regularity of meal times, unbalanced diets, dining-out and snacks to the younger people, whereas it is the necessary eating methods of animal fat and snacks to the older people.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop a nutrition education website for children, especially those around the 4th-6th grade levels. Among the already existing websites providing nutritional information for children, 7 websites with comparable amounts of information were evaluated in terms of their topics, credibility, content, ease of use, and aesthetics. In addition, a survey was conducted to assess the need for nutrition information among 305 elementary students. The food pyramid was the topic offered most often on those websites. Information on nutrients, digestion, food safety, nutrition labeling, and healthy eating habits were available on the websites. Some of those websites also provided games or quizzes to attract the children's interest. However, seine of the websites did not give any information on the person responsible for providing the information, which is most important in determining the credibility of the website. Other problems were that some information was too difficult for children, and some of the websites did not provide a way to search for information. According to the survey results, the topics that children wanted to know about were‘desirable weight’,‘cooking’,‘correct food choice’,‘weight control method’,‘calories consumed during exercise’, but, they did not have a high interest in‘asking questions’‘books with nutrition messages’,‘under weight’,‘negative effect of weight control’and‘helping hungry children’. Based on these results, we developed a new nutrition education web-site, ifood’(http: //1 ifood.or.kr). We focused on helping children develop healthy eating habits by providing information which is easy and practical for children. However, we neither included the program to assess their dietary intake, nor provided entertaining background sounds, which children like. Also, the game section is composed mainly of quizzes. Therefore, we need to further develop exciting games to teach nutrition to children. In the near future, the newly developed website should be evaluated by children regarding understandability and coverage of the contents as well as usability and design, and then revised to improve the educational effect.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the association between dyslipidemia and periodontitis in Korean adults aged 30 and older. Methods: We examined 3,992 subjects participating in the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontal status was evaluated using the community periodontal index (CPI). People with 3 or 4 CPI codes were classified as the periodontitis group. For statistical analyses, chi-square test and logistic multiple regression were used. Results: The prevalence of periodontitis was higher in men, people aged 70 and over, people whose income status was among the lower 25%, and people whose educational level was high school or lower (p<0.001). The prevalence of periodontitis was higher in people who brushed their teeth twice or less, those who did not use interdental cleaning devices, those who did not have a dental checkup in the last 12 months, and those who had not drunk or smoked (p<0.05). The prevalence of periodontitis was increased with individuals whose BMI was ≥25 kg/㎡, those whose glycated hemoglobin was ≥6.5%, and whose lipid levels were higher or lower than the normal range. In the logistic regression model, an increase in triglyceride was found to increase the prevalence of periodontitis (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study suggests that dyslipidemia, especially hypertriglyceridemia, is a predictor of periodontitis.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

This round of tests in patients with UGI and Esophagography data collected by national and international reference levels based on the original set of guidelines and fluoroscopy, through the provision of medical radiation exposure reduction and further optimization of Defense to realize that is intended. 359 names in our hospital underwent Esophagography 302 patients who underwent UGI average fluoroscopy time and number of images to calculate the average 21 cm Acryl phantom dose for 10 seconds and 20 seconds, average area dose and the area dose of 1 spot image, 5 spot consecutive images by measuring the patient dose and third quartile of the mean area dose was set seonryangin reference dose. Esophagography average patient dose was set to 30.05 $Gy{\cdot}cm^2$, DRL was set at a 25.37 $Gy{\cdot}cm^2$. Average dose of UGI patients were selected as 45.33 $Gy{\cdot}cm^2$, DRL was set at a 34 $Gy{\cdot}cm^2$. UGI patients with established average dose recommended in the 2008 national recommendation from the UGI examination with a dose of less than 49.7 $Gy{\cdot}cm^2$ seonryangin is evaluated. This Note examines the dose of self-aware through education recognizes the importance of dose reduction and examine if their efforts and further reduce patient dose could achieve optimization of the medical exposure is considered.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.445-469
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• 2014

이 연구는 현직 중등 수학교사가 학생들이 교과서 수학 과제를 해결하는 데 요구되는 인지적 노력수준을 어떻게 이해하고, 그에 따라 과제들을 선별할 수 있는지를 살펴보는데 초점을 두고 있다. 또한 교사가 수학교과서의 Low Level 과제를 학생들의 수학적 사고력을 향상시키도록 High Level 과제로 변형할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 수학 과제의 선별 및 변형에 관한 설문지를 제작하여 서울 및 경기 지역의 중 고등학교 수학 교사들에게 설문검사를 실시하였고 이를 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 2007 개정 교육과정 목표 및 수업 목표 등을 성취하기 위해 수업에서 반드시 다루어야 할 과제로 High Level 과제를 선택한 교사의 비율은 59%였고, PNC과제를 High Level 과제로 보는 교사의 비율은 32%였다. 둘째, 교과서 Low Level 수학 과제를 높은 인지적 노력수준을 요구하는 과제로의 변형에 대하여, 아무런 변형도 하지 못한 교사의 비율은 56%였고 High Level 과제로 변형한 교사는 50명 중 4명뿐이었다. 이는 예비교사 뿐만아니라 현직교사의 경우도 Low Level 과제를 High Level 과제로 변형하는데 어려움을 느끼고 있음을 보여준다.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.261-277
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• 2015

본 연구는 영재교육에 있어서의 ICT 교육 요소의 도입과 관련하여 영재학생을 지도해야 할 담당 교사들의 인식을 확인해 봄으로써, 교사들이 영재교육에서의 ICT 교육에 대한 어떤 태도를 가지고 있는지, 또 그러한 교육을 위해 얼마나 준비되어 있는지 등을 살펴보는 것을 주요한 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구를 위하여 영재교육 분야를 담당하고 있는 다양한 학교급의 교사 그룹을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 주요 연구결과를 살펴보면, (1)교사들이 미래사회의 인재를 육성해야 할 영재교육에서 ICT 소양 교육이 매우 중요하다고 인식하고 있는 반면, 교사 스스로의 ICT 역량은 그다지 높지 않은 것으로 인식하고 있었으며, (2)영재교육 활동 중 학생들의 ICT 활용은 자료검색이나 발표자료 제작 등 기초적인 수준에 머물러 있는 것으로 나타났다. 급속히 변화하고 발전하는 ICT의 특성 상, 영재교육 현장에서의 효과적인 ICT소양교육을 위해서는 SW 프로그래밍 등의 수준 높은 활동이 가능하도록 ICT 능력을 갖춘 교사의 양성 및 현직 교사의 재교육과 함께 HW 및 SW 구비 등 학교 현장의 관련 인프라 확충에 힘쓸 필요가 있다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2011

동료평가는 일반적으로 교육 분야의 평가시스템에서 같이 학습을 하는 동료가 평가자가 되어 상대 학습자의 과정이나 결과물에 가치를 부여하는 것으로서, 많은 장점을 갖고 있음에도 불구하고 단순히 부여 받은 점수들의 평균을 계산하여 기여도를 산정한다는 단점 또한 갖고 있어 이를 개선하기 위한 다각적인 연구가 진행되어 오고 있다. 그런데 이들 선행연구에서 활용된 카이제곱 검정이나 유의확률 등의 개념은 동료평가를 활용하는 교육학이나 산업공학 분야에 종사하는 사람들에게는 쉬운 개념이 아니다. 이에 본 연구에서는 표준편차라는 간단한 통계를 이용하지만, 이들과 유사한 결과를 보이면서도 방법적인 측면에서 매우 간단한 동료평가의 가중치 부여방법을 제안하였다. 더불어 제안된 방법의 용이성과 효용성 및 활용 예에 대해서도 알아보았다. 본 연구는 간이분석법을 이용하여 이용자의 편리성을 증대시키는데 기여할 수 있다고 사료되는 바, 이러한 측면에 본 연구의 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose: To examine the effects of appearance satisfaction on school adjustment among adolescents and, further, the mediating effects of self-efficacy between appearance satisfaction and school adjustment. Methods: Conducted a self-report survey of 640 students consisting of sixth, eighth, and tenth graders in the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. The collected data were analyzed through the independent-sample t-test, the One-way ANOVA, the Pearson's correlation analysis, and the hierarchical multiple regression analysis using the SPSS WIN 18.0 statistical program. Results: First, boys and girls showed statistically significant differences. Boys reported higher levels of appearance satisfaction, school adjustment, and self-efficacy than girls. Second, there were no significant differences in appearance satisfaction and self-efficacy according to the school level. However, statistically significant differences were observed in school adjustment between sixth and eighth graders. Third, students who thought they belonged to the upper class in terms of academic performance and family economy showed the highest level of appearance satisfaction, school adjustment, and self-efficacy. Fourth, there were positive correlations between appearance satisfaction, self-efficacy, and school adjustment. Fifth, self-efficacy proved to have mediating effects between appearance satisfaction and school adjustment among adolescents. In particular, it had a full mediating effect on the relation between appearance satisfaction and adjustment to school life, one of the subfactors of school adjustment. Conclusion: The results suggest that appearance satisfaction is a factor which influences adolescents' school adjustment and that self-efficacy is an important means of mediating between appearance satisfaction and school adjustment. The study is significant in that it highlighted the importance of self-efficacy as one of the important variables to consider when planning various educational programs to help adolescents adjust to their school. In the light of the findings, in an effort to enhance adolescents' self-efficacy and help them lead a harmonious school life in Korea's so-called 'lookism' society, it is necessary to develop and implement counseling programs and character education materials that help adolescents develop a positive perception of their appearance and build self-esteem and self-confidence.