• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.325-330
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• 2003

Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) has anti-oxidant, analgesic, and hypolipidemic effects. We previously showed that Solanum melongena (SM) aqueous extract inhibits mast cell-mediated allergic reactions. The activation of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) induces acute inflammation in rat hindpaw. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the SM aqueous extract on mouse paw edema induced by PAR2 agonists. Trypsin or trans-cinnamoyl-LIGRLO-NH$_2$ (tc-NH$_2$), PAR-2 agonists, was injected into the hind paw of mice to induce paw edema. SM aqueous extract (1, 5, 10, and 100 mg/kg) was orally administered 1 hr before induction of paw edema. SM aqueous extract (5, 10, and 100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited both paw edema and vascular permeability in the dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SM aqueous extract (10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited PAR-2 agonist-induced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ expression in paw tissue compared to that of saline. These results suggest that SM aqueous extract may be useful for treatment of PAR-2-mediated inflammation.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.85-93
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• 2010

Objectives : This study aimed at evaluation of the effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on brain edema and aquaporin water channel expressions in the brain. Methods : Brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Then ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma was treated once a day for 3 days. Brain edema % and water contents, and cell size of neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined. Immuno-histochemistry was processed for AQP4, AQP1, and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analysis. Results : 1. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced brain edema of ICH induced rats significantly. 2. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced excessive brain tissue water contents of ICH induced rats significantly. 3. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced cellular edema of neurons in cerebral cortex of ICH induced rats significantly. 4. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP4 immuno-positive area % in cerebral cortex and external capsule of ICH induced rat brain significantly. 5. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP9 immuno-positive area % in glia limitans externa of ICH induced rat brain significantly. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gastrodiae Rhizoma reveals protective effects against brain edema and cytotoxic edema of neurons by means of down-regulation of AQP4 expression in the brain.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.39-51
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• 2009

Objectives : In Korea the practice of folk remedies is widely spread. One of the main uses is the utilization of pumpkin in postpartum edema. While this practice is widely propagated no one could exactly define the evidence of its uses. Therefore we aimed to provide literature evidence of correct prescription in postpartum edema. Methods : As the use of pumpkin in postpartum edema is particular to korea, we revised all the medical book published from the 17th century, the time supposed to have been introduced pumpkin in Korean peninsula. We also researched the prescription mainly used in postpartum edema, and the common main herbal component, succium. As pumpkin and succium is homophony to 'Ho bak' in korean it had the possibility of being misinterpreted. Results : On our literature research we found the precautions of pumpkin to provoke gi-stagnatio and dampness obstruction and that it was restricted while the recovery of all kind of diseases as well as in puerperium. The main reason of postpartum edema is caused by blood stasis which when the blood gains its normal circulation, edema is dispersed by itself. For this propose main prescription was Jogyeongsan調經散 type with its main component succium which medical properties are cited in all medical classics consistently. From the literature of "Juchonsinbang" and "Uibanghapbu" we found three different prescriptions, Hobakgo琥珀膏, Hobakgo胡朴膏, and Namgwago南瓜膏 which contents and their medical proposes were equal. Conclusions : By these finding we could refer that the use of pumpkin in postpartum edema was caused by homophonic reasonal misinterpretation of succinum in korean. This research provides the literature evidence to correct pumpkin's misuse and also the necessity of restriction of the use of even most common products for medical proposes and/or at least the importance of being guided by the experts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.581-584
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• 1996

Reexpansion pulmonary edema is a rare complication of the treatment of lung collapse secondary to pneumothordx, pleural effusion, or atelectasis but occasionally life threatening. Generally, reexpansion pulmonary edema is believed to o cur only when a chronically collapsed lung is rapidly reexpanded by evacuation or large amounts of air or fluid. This complication is heralded by tachypnea, unilateral rales, and profuse expectoration of frothy secretion within several hours of reexpansion. Increased dur- ation of pneumothorax and the use o( suction are important factors in the generation of reexpansion pulmonary edema. We had experienced 3 cases of reexpansion pulmonary edema. In the two cases the pneumothorax had been present for several days, and, after insertion of a chest tube, pulmonary edema developed unilaterally but improved with supplemental oxygen. In the third case, massive pleural effusion was present. and, after insertion of a chest tube, pulmonary edema developed unilaterally, followed by cardiac arrest. He died of pulmonary edema inspire of resuscitation.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2022

Background: The application of Kinesio tape (KT) has become an alternative treatment for the reduction of edema owing to its distinct characteristics that mimic skin behavior. Although many studies have found that KT application has a positive effect on edema related to breast cancer and rehabilitation following mandibular third molar surgery, there is little evidence to support the use of KT for musculoskeletal injuries. Objects: The purpose of this study was to review the literature related to KT application for reducing edema caused by musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: A literature search (July 2022) was performed on PubMed for articles published between January 2012 and June 2022. The following keywords were used: "Kinesio taping," "Kinesio tape," "swelling," and "edema," with different combinations and derivations. Only articles available in English were included in this study. Results: Among 68 identified studies, seven met our search strategy and criteria and were included in the literature review. Five of these studies investigated musculoskeletal disorders of the knee joint; two of them reported that KT application had a positive effect on edema measured using perimetry following total knee replacement and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, the KT application did not improve swelling in patients with acute lateral ankle sprains. Pediatric patients with acute proximal phalangeal joint sprain experienced a more significant improvement in the reduction of swelling than the group using a splint. Conclusion: This literature review found discrepant evidence to support using KT for edema control in musculoskeletal disorders. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of KT for controlling edema following musculoskeletal injuries.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.348-353
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• 2015

In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of drug efflux transporter expressions following status epilepticus (SE). In the hippocampus and piriform cortex (PC), vasogenic edema peaked 3-4 days after SE. The expression of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance protein-4 (MRP4), and p-glycoprotein (p-GP) were decreased 4 days after SE when vasogenic edema was peaked, but subsequently increased 4 weeks after SE. Multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1) expression gradually decreased in endothelial cells until 4 weeks after SE. These findings indicate that SE-induced vasogenic edema formation transiently reduced drug efflux pump expressions in endothelial cells. Subsequently, during recovery of vasogenic edema drug efflux pump expressions were differentially upregulated in astrocytes, neuropils, and endothelial cells. Therefore, we suggest that vasogenic edema formation may be a risk factor in pharmacoresistent epilepsy. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(6): 348-353]

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.151-160
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this research was to examine dietary therapy on the edema based on the literary findings, for clinical treatment and prevention of the edema. Methods : This Research was examined on histories, compositions, applications, and effects of dietetic treatment about 100 cases of dietary therapy of the edema from Chinese literatures. Results : 1. Various vegetables and animals including herbs, grains, vegetables, fruits, food and drink were used for the dietary therapy. 2. Methods of the preparation for use as therapeutics were decoction, pulvis, gruel, cake, tea, paste, gelatin and etc. 3. Frequently used materials were Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, Cucumis sativus L. Coix lachrymajobi var. mayuen, Zea mays, Maydis Stigma, Citrullus vulgaris, Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Allium scorodorpasum var. viviparum Regel, Camellia sinensis, Armeniacae amarum Semen, Phyllostachys bambusoides, Luffa cylindrica, Dioscorea batatas Decne, Panax ginseng, Brassica oleracea and Raphanus sativus. Conclusion : Though dietary therapy for the edema is not based on clinical or experimental data, but through experience. It is mostly based on Yin-Yang and five elements, visceral manifestation, channels and their collateral channels and Oriental herbal medicine theories. If we use them properly according to oriental medicine method, it will be effective on treating and preventing the edema.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.32-40
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• 2008

Background: Angelica dahurica has been used in various clinical cases. Its taste is hot and its property is warm, dry and nonpoisonous. Its efficacy is to remove wind-damp, cure swelling and edema, exhaust pus, stop itching, rhinitis and leukorrhea. Object: To test through experiment Angelica dahurica's analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Method: Inject acetic acid as a pain-inducing substance to the mice and measure visceral pain bywrithing reflex. Inject carrageenan that is an edema-inducing substance to the rat's paw and measure volume of edema. Take thermal pain to mice with plantar test and measure paw withdrawal latency. Normal group is non Angelica dahurica-treated group and treated group is Angelica dahurica-treated group. Results: In acetic acid-induced visceral model, treatment with Angelica dahurica suppressed writhing reflex significantlyand dose-dependently. In carrageenan-induced paw edema model, treatment with Angelica dahurica suppressed carrageenan-induced paw edema. In plantar test model, no significant effect on the withdrawal latency of thermal stimulation-induced nociception was observed. Conclusion: Angelica dahurica has analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.427-431
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• 2005

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiological charactersitics related to the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas. Methods: Fifty patients with meningioma were examined by magnetic resonance images and cerebral angiography. The predictive factors associated peritumoral edema, such as, tumor size, peritumoral rim (cerebrospinal fluid cleft), shape of tumor margin, signal intensity of tumor in T2WI, and pial blood supply were evaluated. Results: Tumor size, peritumoral rim and pial blood supply correlated with peritumoral edema on univariate analyses. But in multivariate analyses, pial blood supply was statistically significant as a factor for peritumoral edema in meningioma. Conclusion: In our results, pial blood supply is significant contributing factor for peritumoral edema in meningioma.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.139-147
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• 1986

In order to clarify the pathogenesis of perirenal edema, pigs and rabbits were administered with oxalate and nitrate, with oxalate nitrate and glycolic acid, with oxalate, nitrate and ascorbic acid and with oxalate, nitrate and calcium, respectively. The results obtained are summarized as follows; The pigs and rabbits administered with oxalate and nitrate with oxalate, nitrate and glycolic acid and with oxalate, nitrate and ascorbic acid, respectively, were not showed perirenal edema despite of observing the abundant oxalate crystals in the proximal convoluted tubles. But pigs and rabbits administered with oxalate, nitrate and calcium were histopathologically showed perirenal edema similar to those of pigs fed Amaranthus retroflexus. Therefore, author considered that oxalate, nitrate and calcium are main factors to cause perirenal edema. It was regarded that perirenal edema in pigs was caused by the reciprocal reactions of those materials including oxalate, nitrate and calcium which may produce vascular damage, decreased osmotic pressure by hypoproteinemia and increased vascular permeability in kidney, rather than the mechanical obstructions by the oxalate crystals in the proximal convoluted tubule.