• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2006

Environment-friendly agriculture has not only the simple purpose producing foods but also the key roles of conserving rural environments, landscapes and sustainable land uses. In addition, environment-friendly agricultural areas and their landscapes are important factors representing uniqueness of rural areas. For these reasons, this study investigates the landscapes formed through environment-friendly agriculture and evaluates the economic values of the landscapes using CRM(contingent ranking method) which has been known as one of the practical methods in the field of environmental economics. Based upon a scenario that government introduces the ratio of environment-friendly agriculture to evaluate economic values, a survey was performed with 1,088 of rural residents throughout the country. The results of this study indicate that the economic value for conservation and maintenance of environment-friendly agriculture landscapes is 480 won per household/month/1% environment-friendly agriculture, and this can be converted into 829 hundred million won per 1% environment-friendly agriculture nationally.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2001

One of the major environmental issues Japanese cities is now facing with is the conservation of seminatural landscapes for the restoration of ecological integrity of urban areas. The satoyama landscape, which includes coppice woodlands, agricultural areas and rural settlements, is seen as an indispensable semi-natural landscape, formed as a result of man-nature interaction. However, because of the loss of the economic viability they are now abandoned and in the process of losing their ecological values. Today a number of local municipalities as well as NPO groups are involved in the conservation projects of these landscapes. Although satoyama landscapes are commonly believed to have maintained their character over the years, historical studies have revealed that these landscapes have experienced constant and dynamic changes due to a variation in human impacts. It is therefore understood that the conservation projects on satoyama landscapes should not intend to restore their past condition, but should wet the goal of maintaining their dynamic character by promoting ecological roles which the landscapes may play in the contemporary world. EXPO2005 project in Aichi Prefecture is a good example of a development project underway on satoyama landscapes which intend to conserve the landscapes by stimulating contemporary ecological for them. In EXPO2005 project the key issue was the conservation of semi-natural landscapes formed by constant and intensive human impacts over the centuries and thus allowing endemic and endangered species to be accommodated. The planning team proposed a scheme to restore economic viability of satoyama landscapes. The scheme involves re-introducing intensive human impacts through a new management system with an innovative technology. This may restore the economic viability of lumbers provided form satoyama woodlands. EXPO2005 is understood as a model case which stimulates contemporary ecological functions of satoyama landscapes by applying innovative planning concepts.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.18-31
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• 2024

본 연구는 유네스코 세계유산으로 등재된 121개 문화경관의 등재 경향과 특성을 종합적으로 분석하여 문화경관 유산의 특성과 가치를 이해하고, 향후 문화경관으로 등재할 유산의 선정 기준과 등재 방안을 모색하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 UNESCO 세계유산센터 홈페이지에서 제공하는 공식 문서와 데이터베이스를 바탕으로 각 문화경관의 기본 정보와 속성 정보를 수집하여 기술통계 분석을 실시하고, 분석 결과를 보다 입체적으로 이해하기 위해, 도출된 주요 경향성과 관련된 개별 문화경관 사례를 추가적으로 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 문화경관은 유럽과 아시아에 집중되어 있으며 1992년 이후 등재 건수가 꾸준히 증가해 왔음을 확인하였다. 문화경관은 인간과 자연의 상호작용을 반영한 경관의 독특성, 전통문화와 토지 이용 방식의 중요성 등을 인정받아 주로 등재기준 (iv), (iii), (v), (ii)를 중심으로 등재되고 있다. 또한 문화경관은 크게 의도적으로 설계된 경관, 유기적으로 진화된 경관, 연상적 경관 등 세 가지 유형으로 구분되는데, 그 중에서도 농업, 산업 등 인간 활동과 자연환경의 장기적 상호작용을 통해 형성된 유기적으로 진화된 경관이 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이러한 분석 결과는 세계유산 문화경관이 자연과 문화, 유형과 무형, 물질과 비물질을 아우르는 복합적 가치 체계를 지니고 있음을 시사한다. 이는 문화유산 인식과 보전 방식에 근본적인 전환을 요구하는 것으로, 개별 요소가 아닌 전체적 맥락을 중시하고 경관의 동적 변화 과정 자체에 주목하는 통합적 접근을 필요로 한다. 나아가 문화경관은 지속가능한 발전 모델로서 지역 정체성 확립, 공동체 회복력 강화, 지속가능한 경제 발전 등에 기여할 수 있는 잠재력을 지니고 있다. 따라서 문화경관의 보전과 관리에는 경관의 역동적 진화 과정을 총체적으로 조망하는 관점과 지역 공동체와 이해당사자들의 적극적 참여에 기반한 거버넌스 체계가 요구된다. 본 연구는 문화경관의 특성과 가치에 대한 심층적 이해를 제고하고, 향후 문화경관 유산의 선정과 관리를 위한 기초 자료를 제공한다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.355-368
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• 2010

본 연구는 근대 국민국가와 자본주의 체제가 수립된 이후 급속하게 진행된 로컬 경관의 변화를 새롭게 해석하기 위한 틀을 만들기 위한 시론적 작업으로 이루어졌다. 틀의 토대가 될 주요 개념은 권력(power), 주체성(subjectivity), 수행성(performativity)이며, 향후 이 개념들을 보다 치밀하게 결합된 해석의 틀로 발전시킨 뒤 다양하며 역동적으로 변화한 (탈)중심화 경관의 구체적 현상을 연구하는 데 응용될 것이다. 국민국가 하에서 국가권력은 통치, 국민적 정체성, 중앙집중적 경제발전 등을 실행하기 위해 상이한 로컬의 문화 역사와 다양한 주체들의 가치를 파괴하거나 주변화 시킨다. 이는 경관을 매개로 작동하며, 경관에 나타난다. 그리고 역사의 흐름 속에서 국가 권력에 의해 형성된 경관은 로컬에서 갈등의 동인으로 작동하기도 한다. 경관은 다양한 주체들에 의해 만들어지며, 역으로 생성된 경관은 사람들의 정서, 인식, 행동에 능동적인 영향을 미친다. 이러한 경관과 주체성의 역동적 관계를 근대 이념, 국민국가, 자본주의 체제는 이성/합리성, 전체성/집단성, 이성과 감성의 분리 등에 의해 위장하거나 배제 혹은 주변화시켰다. 그리고 경관과 주체성의 관계에 관한 논의는 주체들의 저항성과 창의성에 무게를 둔다. 마지막으로 경관은 선험적으로 혹은 객관적으로 표현되는 개념 혹은 주체의 감성과 인지와 분리될 수 있는 물체(혹은 객체)가 아니라 상이한 주체들과의 수행적 관계 속에서 해석되어야 한다. 수행성은 경관의 물질성, 권력, 주체성을 결합시킬 뿐만 아니라 경관 자체의 능동적 역할을 이해하는 데도 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

• 한국기술사회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술사회 1995년도 제25회 한일기술사 합동 심포지움 한국편 자료(1차)
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• pp.135-143
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• 1995

As a result of impressive economic growth for e past 3 decades Korean rural community saw improvement in road, houses etc. whereas movement of rural population to great urban centers, water pollutions, generation of wastes and damage to rural environment and landscapes emerged as a serious issue. In this treatise the writer reviewed the process of development of rural community under the government initiative and introduced the project for arrangement and restucturing of rural environment and discussed on the directions and requirements for future development.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2017

Background: "Igune," a traditional agricultural landscape in the Tohoku region of Japan, is characterized by small-scale artificial woodlots surrounding a farmer's house that are interspersed with paddy fields. During the rapid economic growth of Japan over recent decades, some igune woodlots have been abandoned or logged. Biodiversity conservation is an important issue worldwide, and traditional agricultural landscapes are of particular interest. To elucidate the role of igune landscapes in conserving biodiversity, we examined the effects of environmental factors on avian communities. Results: The study was conducted in the suburban areas of Oshu and Hanamaki cities, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, at eight sites that varied in the density and area of igune woodlots within the landscape. Bird surveys were conducted from the middle to late breeding season, and several environmental factors of the igune landscape were also measured. The results of canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the characteristics of avian communities were mainly determined by the total forested area in the landscape. Increased total forested area and shrubs layer of igune woodlots did not cause a reduction in number of bird species of any habitat and foraging types, while increased both in species number and abundance of insectivores and forest species. The number of raptor species increased in igune sites without shrubs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that maintaining igune landscapes may enhance avian diversity within this landscape, although the effects of shrubs within igune varied; developed bush communities increased the evenness of the avian community, whereas some raptor species preferred an open forest understory.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

이 논문은 북한에서 출판된 문헌에서 '경관'이 지칭하는 대상과 글의 맥락을 시대적 흐름에 따라 파악함으로써 북한 내 '경관'의 사회적·문화적 기의를 읽고자 했다. 이를 위해, 먼저 연속 간행물과 신문 기사에서 '경관'이 무엇을 서술하기 위한 단어로 사용됐는지를 경관의 종류에 따라 나누었고, 이를 시대의 흐름에 따라 파악했다. 그 결과, 북한에서 '경관'이 가지는 사회적·문화적 의미는 '정통성 투영의 대상', '도시로 확장된 시각성', '가시화된 사회주의 선경'으로 나눠 해석할 수 있다. 먼저, 백두산에 관한 글에서 '경관'은 후계자의 정통성을 입증하는 매개체로 사용됐다. 다음으로, 김정은 체제에서 '경관'은 인간의 경제적 활동에 의한 시각적 작용의 결과물까지를 서술하는 단어로 사용됐다. 마지막으로, 경관 차원의 성과를 가시화하는 방법으로, 김정은 집권 시기에는 '사회주의 선경'과 같은 경관 서열화의 용어를 채택했다. 이는 과거의 것과 명확히 구분되는 경관의 가시화 장치의 하나로 풀이할 수 있다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to overview domestic and foreign trends in the study of the landscape evaluation through new framework of landscape evaluation studies. 108 studies on the landscape evaluation are summarized and categorized into theoretical studies, verification of theories, development of evaluation methods and applications in physical planning. Major theories in the landscape evaluation came from the psycho-physics, the evolutionary theory ann the cultural-learning theory, and were verified and applied into physical planning. Early experimental researches on landscape evaluation, based on psycho-physics, were focused on relatively simple responses to landscapes. But many studies have been gradually related to the evolutionary theory and the cultural learning theory, emphasizing biological and cultural effects on landscape evaluation. Especially, Appleton's Prospect-Refuge theory' and Kaplans' 'Information Processing model' have very strong influence in landscape evaluation. Relatively there have been many application researches in Korea, which tells there have been strong needs to solve pending practical problems caused by the rapid economic and social growth for several decades. Almost of applications in physical planning are focused on physical features of landscapes, but for more comprehensive landscape evaluation, many other factors such as cognitive and sociocultural variables should be integrated into the whole evaluation system. As a result of reviewing of landscape evaluation studies, I found the overall domestic and foreign trends and the necessity of more research on the applications in physical planning. Because this study mainly focused on academic researches, for more appropriate landscape evaluation and management there should be more practical researches including various approaches.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

This study is to analyze establishment status and planning characteristics of the landscape master plan of 22 cities and counties in Jeollanam-do, Korea. The landscape master plans have been established in 19 cities and counties and among them they were established in 11 cities and counties before 2010. They tend to be made in city governments earlier than county governments. Community visions are implied with four meanings, 'landscape ecological', 'administrative economic', 'historical cultural', 'abstraction sensitive' in expression. For setting zones, axises, and bases of landscapes, characteristics of each landscape zone are emphasized with unification and connectivity of axises and bases of landscapes as one unit to local governments. Proposal of design principle or guideline of landscape by elements tend to be higher than landscape types. Locational characteristics of local governments have influenced to landscape types and characteristics of natural environments have been strongly reflected in landscape plan in particular.

• 농촌계획
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of Multi-functionality Roles including landscape and so on, which traditional stone fences in Korea possess, using Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Method (DC-CVM). The stone fences is life cultural heritance of regional residents. It has functions like Development of Favorable Landscapes, Maintenance of Cultural Heritage, and Recreation/Relaxation. Expectation from regional visitors shows that the existence and inheritance value of the stone wall is higher then we expected. According to the research that we had done from the people that had agreed to contribute the stone wall. moreover the public commercial value of regional tradition stone was not only 2,900 billion won but also it will increase an economic gain in every year. Therefore, preserving the stone wall that has Multi-functional Roles and values can lead to huge economic value in the future. But farmhouses in the stone wall conservation area are being supported 9 billion won in every year. This is only 0.03% of the income that farmhouse earns per year. Thus, stone wall preservation policy and plan can raise green-tour commercial value of inland area as a long-term inside measurement. Those will have to be propelled continuously.