• ALGAE
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2013

There is increasing interest in the relationships between marine bacteria and red tide organisms. Some bacteria are known to kill red tide organisms, and may be responsible for accelerating the termination of red tides. Thus, certain algicidal bacteria have been proposed for the control of red tides. Meanwhile, many red tide organisms are known to feed on marine bacteria. The roles of marine bacteria and red tide organisms are therefore reversible. In Korean waters, the killing of red tide organisms by algicidal bacteria, and also the feeding of red tide organisms on marine bacteria have been extensively investigated. The findings of such studies may influence the conventional view of red tide dynamics, and also planktonic food webs. Here, we review the species and concentrations of algicidal bacteria that kill red tide organisms in Korean waters, as well as the ingestion rate and grazing impact of red tide organisms on marine bacteria. Furthermore, we offer an insight into the ecological roles of these 2 components in marine planktonic food webs.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.429-436
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to identify students' alternative frameworks about tide concept, to investigate some characters of them and students' understanding types with increasing grade in secondary school earth science course. The objective questionnaire method was used, and the subjects of this study are 528 students selected randomly in secondary school. The results are as follow. 1) Thirteen alternative frameworks about tide concept, related to the phase change of the moon and the motion of the earth are identified. 2) The alternative frameworks needed mechanical and causal reasoning have the trend reinforced or sophisticated with increasing the grade. And alternative frameworks needed phenomenal and mechanical, phenomenal and causal reasoning are changed little but ones needed phenomenal, variative and basic reasoning change scientifically. The rates of the alternative frameworks needed definitional, empirical, phenomenal reasoning decrease at the learning grade of that concept but increase after that grade. 3) Middle school students have the definitional, phenomenal, empirical and qualitative understanding types but high school students have the causal, analytic, quantitative and mechanical ones on tide concept.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.523-530
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• 2010

측지, 지구물리, 국방 등의 다양한 연구분야에서 기초자료로 활용되는 중력자료의 중요성이 높아짐에 따라 최근 많은 중력자료가 획득되고 있다. 일반적으로 획득한 중력자료로부터 절대중력값 및 중력이상값을 산출하기 위해서는 조석보정, 기계고보정, 계기보정 등의 단계를 거친다. 이때 여러 조석보정과 계기보정 모델 중 어떤 모델을 사용하여 처리해야 하는지에 대한 기준이 결정되어 있지 않아 중력자료 처리에 있어 일관성이 유지되지 않고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현재 적용되고 있는 조석보정 및 계기보정 모델들이 중력값에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 가장 적절한 모델을 선정하고자 하였다. 그 결과 Longman과 Tamura가 제안한 천체에 의한 조석보정 모델은 약 0.0001mGal의 차이를 나타내어 사용자의 편의에 따라 모델을 선정하여도 무방하였다. 그러나 지구조석에 의한 영향을 고려하였을 때와 하지 않았을 때 차이가 존재하므로 이에 대한 보정이 필요함을 명시하여야 한다. 또한 계기 보정은 공통점에서의 측정중력값 차이만을 이용하는 경우와 모든 측점을 이용하여 계기보정값을 결정하는 두 모델을 적용하였을 때 보정 후 잔차의 값이 최대 0.04mGal까지 발생하여, 이론적으로 정확한 모든 점을 이용하는 모텔로 선정하여 적용하는 것이 필요하다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.611-626
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• 2018

We theoretically consider a possible influence of periodic oceanic tides on non-periodic changes in the dynamics of the Earth and Moon over a long time scale. A particular emphasis will be placed on the contribution from rotating tidal waves, which rotate along the inner edge of an oceanic basin surrounded by topographic boundary. We formulate the angular momentum and the mechanical energy of the rotating tidal wave in terms of celestial parameters with regard to the Earth and Moon. The obtained formula are used to discuss how the energy dissipation in the rotating tidal wave should be relevant to the secular variation in the Earth's spin rotation and the Earth-Moon distance. We also discuss the applicability of the formula to general oceanic binary planets subject to tidal coupling.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2016

The atmosphere strongly affects the Earth's spin rotation in wide range of timescale from daily to annual. Its dominant role in the seasonal perturbations of both the pole position and spinning rate of the Earth is once again confirmed by a comparison of two recent data sets; i) the Earth orientation parameter and ii) the global atmospheric state. The atmospheric semi-diurnal tide has been known to be a source of the Earth's spin acceleration, and its magnitude is re-estimated by using an enhanced formulation and an up-dated empirical atmospheric S2 tide model. During the last twenty years, an unusual eastward drift of the Earth's pole has been observed. The change in the Earth's inertia tensor due to glacier mass redistribution is directly assessed, and the recent eastward movement of the pole is ascribed to this change. Furthermore, the associated changes in the length of day and UT1 are estimated.

• ALGAE
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.101-130
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• 2017

The ichthyotoxic Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tides have caused great economic losses in the aquaculture industry in the waters of Korea and other countries. Predicting outbreak of C. polykrikoides red tides 1-2 weeks in advance is a critical step in minimizing losses. In the South Sea of Korea, large C. polykrikoides red tide patches have often been recorded offshore and transported to nearshore waters. To explore the processes of offshore C. polykrikoides red tides, temporal variations in 3-dimensional (3-D) distributions of red tide organisms and environmental parameters were investigated by analyzing 4,432 water samples collected from 2-5 depths of 60 stations in the South Sea, Korea 16 times from May to Nov, 2014. In the study area, the vegetative cells of C. polykrikoides were found as early as May 7, but C. polykrikoides red tide patches were observed from Aug 21 until Oct 9. Cochlodinium red tides occurred in both inner and outer stations. Prior to the occurrence of large C. polykrikoides red tides, the phototrophic dinoflagellates Prorocentrum donghaiense (Jun 12 to Jul 11), Ceratium furca (Jul 11 to Aug 21), and Alexandrium fraterculus (Aug 21) formed red tides in sequence, and diatom red tides formed 2-3 times without a certain distinct pattern. The temperature for the optimal growth of these four red tide dinoflagellates is known to be similar. Thus, the sequence of the maximum growth rates of P. donghaiense > C. furca > A. fraterculus > C. polykrikoides may be partially responsible for this sequence of red tides in the inner stations following high nutrients input in the surface waters because of heavy rains. Furthermore, Cochlodinium red tides formed and persisted at the outer stations when $NO_3$ concentrations of the surface waters were < $2{\mu}M$ and thermocline depths were >20 m with the retreat of deep cold waters, and the abundance of the competing red-tide species was relatively low. The sequence of the maximum swimming speeds and thus potential reachable depths of C. polykrikoides > A. fraterculus > C. furca > P. donghaiense may be responsible for the large C. polykrikoides red tides after the small blooms of the other dinoflagellates. Thus, C. polykrikoides is likely to outgrow over the competitors at the outer stations by descending to depths >20 m and taking nutrients up from deep cold waters. Thus, to predict the process of Cochlodinium red tides in the study area, temporal variations in 3-D distributions of red tide organisms and environmental parameters showing major nutrient sources, formation and depth of thermoclines, intrusion and retreat of deep cold waters, and the abundance of competing red tide species should be well understood.

• ALGAE
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.309-324
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• 2017

Recently, the heterotrophic nanoflagellate Katablepharis japonica has been reported to feed on diverse red-tide species and contribute to the decline of red tides. However, if there are effective predators feeding on K. japonica, its effect on red tide dynamics may be reduced. To investigate potential effective protist predators of K. japonica, feeding by the engulfment-feeding heterotrophic dinoflagellates (HTDs) Oxyrrhis marina, Gyrodinium dominans, Gyrodinium moestrupii, Polykrikos kofoidii, and Noctiluca scintillans, the peduncle-feeding HTDs Luciella masanensis and Pfiesteria piscicida, the pallium-feeding HTD Oblea rotunda, and the naked ciliates Strombidium sp. (approximately $20{\mu}m$ in cell length), Pelagostrobilidium sp., and Miamiensis sp. on K. japonica was explored. We found that none of these heterotrophic protists fed on actively swimming cells of K. japonica. However, O. marina, G. dominans, L. masanensis, and P. piscicida were able to feed on heat-killed K. japonica. Thus, actively swimming behavior of K. japonica may affect feeding by these heterotrophic protists on K. japonica. To the contrary, K. japonica was able to feed on O. marina, P. kofoidii, O. rotunda, Miamiensis sp., Pelagostrobilidium sp., and Strombidium sp. However, the specific growth rates of O. marina did not differ significantly among nine different K. japonica concentrations. Thus, K. japonica may not affect growth of O. marina. Our findings suggest that the effect of predation by heterotrophic protists on K. japonica might be negligible, and thus, the effect of grazing by K. japonica on populations of red-tide species may not be reduced by mortality due to predation by protists.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.26-37
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• 2017

이 연구의 목적은 중등과학 예비교사들의 조석 개념에 대한 오개념을 조사하고, 오개념을 과학개념으로 변화시킬 수 있는 학습모듈을 개발하여 개념변화에 미치는 학습모듈의 효과를 검사하는 것이다. 이에 연구자는 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 조석 개념 검사지와 인지갈등 전략을 적용한 조석 개념 학습모듈을 개발하여 적용하였다. 연구대상은 G 광역시에 소재한 사범대학 과학교육 전공 1학년 학생 40명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중등과학 예비교사들은 조석 현상에 대하여 다양한 오개념을 갖고 있었다. 둘째, 개발한 학습모듈은 중등과학 예비교사들의 조석에 대한 오개념을 과학개념으로 변화시키는데 효과적이었다. 그러나 일부 학생들은 모듈의 학습 후에도 조석에 대한 오개념을 갖고 있었다. 그중 대표적인 오개념은 지구와 달이 공통질량 중심을 회전 중심으로 공전할 때 발생하는 원심력을 지구 자전에 의한 원심력과 구별하지 못하는 것과 지구가 공통질량 중심을 회전 중심으로 공전하는 동안 지구의 자전을 고려하지 않아야 한다는 사실을 알지 못하는 것이었다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2011년도 학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.145-146
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• 2011

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1048-1049
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• 2015

The sihwa tidal power plant is the first tidal power plant in korea and the biggest of the world. The tidal power turbine is operated by tidal energy. The tidal energy is generated by the relative motion of the earth and celestial masses specially the sun and the moon, which interact via gravitational forces. The tidal power is estimated by the predicted the tidal amplitude and phase. This paper gives a process of estimate of tidal power using Matlab T-tide based on tide prediction. The proposed method is tested using actual recorded data comparing to predicted date.