• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.sup2
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• pp.299-308
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate adhesion and gene expression of the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on machined titanium surface (MS) and anodized titanium surface (AS) using MTT test, Scanning electron micrograph and cDNA microarray. Materials and Methods: The MTT test assay was used for examining the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, osteoblast like cells from Rat calvaria, on MS and AS for 24 hours and 48 hours. Cell cultures were incubated for 24 hours to evaluate the influence of the substrate geometry on both surfaces using a Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM). The cDNA microarray Agilent Rat 22K chip was used to monitor expressions of genes. Results: After 24 hours of adhesion, the cell density on AS was higher than MS (p < 0.05). After 48 hours the cell density on both titanium surfaces were similar (p > 0.05). AS had the irregular, rough and porous surface texture. After 48 hours incubation of the MC3T3-E1 cells, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was up-regulated on AS than MS (more than 2 fold) and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor was down-regulated (more than 2 fold) on AS than MS. Conclusion: Microarray assay at 48 hours after culturing the cells on both surfaces revealed that osteoinductive molecules appeared more prominent on AS, whereas the adhesion molecules on the biomaterial were higher on MS than AS, which will affect the phenotype of the plated cells depending on the surface morphology.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.325-329
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• 1991

Changes in thermal conductivity of petiole tissue of Chinese cabbage during steam heating and salting were measured by probe method. The thermal conductivity($k_e,\;W/m{\cdot}K$) of the tissue decreased with the increase in gas content and the decrease in moisture content. The correlating equation. $k_e=0.0192$ MC-0.6284 $V_a-1.3252$, obtained over the range of moisture content(MC) of 92 to 96% and gas content($V_a$) of 0 to 0.15 ml/g cabbage at $30^{\circ}C$ The thermal conductivity of salted cabbage was about $0.04\;W/m{\cdot} K$ higher than that of raw cabbage at the same moisture content.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.155-169
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of insulin growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) on the inhibition of glucose oxidative stress and promotion of bone formation near the implant site in a rat model of methylglyoxal (MGO)-induced bone loss. Methods: An in vitro study was performed in MC3T3 E1 cells treated with chitosan gold nanoparticles (Ch-GNPs) conjugated with IGFBP-3 cDNA followed by MGO. An in vivo study was conducted in a rat model induced by MGO administration after the insertion of a dental implant coated with IGFBP-3. Results: MGO treatment downregulated molecules involved in osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in MC3T3 E1 cells and influenced the bone mineral density and bone volume of the femur and alveolar bone. In contrast, IGFBP-3 inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation and enhanced osteogenesis in MGO-treated MC3T3 E1 cells. In addition, IGFBP-3 promoted bone formation by reducing inflammatory proteins in MGO-administered rats. The application of Ch-GNPs conjugated with IGFBP-3 as a coating of titanium implants enhanced osteogenesis and the osseointegration of dental implants. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that IGFBP-3 could be applied as a therapeutic component in dental implants to promote the osseointegration of dental implants in patients with diabetes, which affects MGO levels.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.254-259
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• 2004

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplemented diets with Malty Culture(MC) during lactation on sow and litter performance. Eighteen lactating sows were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments(basal diet, basal diet+MC0.5%, basal+MCl.0%). Average daily feed intake of sow was not affected by dietary treatments with treatment means ranging from 4.49 to 4.58kg(p>0.62). All sows lost their backfat thickness during lactation with no difference among the treatments(p>0.25). Fecal moisture was similar for sows fed the control and MC treatments with 70% moisture content. The growth rate of piglets was not significant difference among the treatments ranging from 47 to 48kg. Day to estrus postweaning was not affected by supplementation of MC with treatment means ranging from 5 to 7 days. There was not significant difference in the milk production(i.e, 8.9kg/d for control, 9.18kg/d for MC0.5 and 9.20kg/d for MC1.0). Survivability of piglet was affected by feeding added MC during lactation. There was no significant difference in the digestibility of DM, but the digestibility of N tended to increase in sows fed the MC0.5 and MC1.0 supplemented diets compared to the basal diet(linear effect, p<0.10; quadratic effect. p<0.08). Digestibility of P tended to increase by the treatment of supplemented MC. However, there was no significant difference among the treatments. In conclusion, the results of experiment suggest that lactation diet of supplemented MC could be a beneficial feeding for digestibility in sow and litter performance.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-45
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• 2015

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of Yeonkyokeumpae-jeon (YKKPJ) have been used for treating various gynecological diseases including mastitis in Korea, and individual six kinds of herbal composition aqueous extracts - Forsythiae Fructus (FF), Millettiae Caulis (MC), Lonicerae Flos (LF), Fritillaria Thunbergii Bulb (FT), Taraxci Herba (TH) and Prunellae Spica (PS) against E. coli. Methods: Antibacterial activities against E. coli of YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH and PS aqueous extracts were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at MIC and $MIC{\times}2$ levels. The effects on the intracellular killing and bacterial invasion of individual test materials were also observed using Raw 264.7 and MCF-7. The results were compared with ciprofloxacin, a second generation of quinolone antibiotics in the present study. Results: MIC of YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH, PS aqueous extracts against E. coli were detected as $0.039{\pm}0.013mg/ml$, $0.064{\pm}0.033mg/ml$, $0.108{\pm}0.053mg/ml$, $0.078{\pm}0.027mg/ml$, $16.250{\pm}8.385mg/ml$, $15.625{\pm}9.375mg/ml$, $0.254{\pm}0.131mg/ml$, repectively. YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH, PS aqueous extracts showed antibacterial effects against to E. coli, except for FT and TH, which were showed negligible antibacterial effects, respectively. In addition, ciprofloxacin with YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF and PS aqueous extracts also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth, and favorable inhibitory effects on the both bacterial invasion and intracellular killing assays using MCF-7 and Raw 264.7 cells were detected in this experiment. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that traditional polyherbal formula YKKPJ aqueous extracts showed more favorable antibacterial activities as compared to individual six kinds of herbal composition aqueous extracts. The antibacterial effects of YKKPJ against E. coli considered as results of complicated synergic effects of their six kinds of herbal components rather than simple antibacterial effects of single herbal components. It means, YKKPJ aqueous extracts may show potent anti-infectious effects against E. coil for mastitis.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.157-161
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• 2012

The aim of this research was to investigate the industrial application of Sedum sarmentosum. Antibacterial activities of the n-hexane, methylene chloride (MC), ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of S. sarmentosum were tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Helicobacter pylori. The MC fraction showed the strongest antibacterial activity against E. coli, with an inhibition zone greater than 13 mm in disc assays. At $100{\mu}g/mL$, all fractions scavenged more than 50% of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals (${\cdot}OH$). In particular, the MC fraction showed the strongest scavenging activity against DPPH and ${\cdot}OH$. In addition, we found that treatment with the MC fraction inhibited the growth of H. pylori and gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The present results suggest that the MC fraction of S. sarmentosum would play the promising protective role against pathogenic bacteria and free radicals.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.111-123
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• 2000

Northcott and McKerrow proved that if R is a left noetherian ring and E is an injective left R-module, then $E[x^{-1}]$ is an injective left R[xl-module. Park generalize Northcott and McKerrow's result so that if R is a left noetherian ring and E is an injective left R-module, then $E[x^{-S}]$ is an injective left $R[x^s]$-module, where S is a submonoid of N(N is the set of all natural numbers). In this paper we show $$Hom_{R[x^S]}(M[x^{-S}],\;N[x^{-S}]){\cong}Hom_R(M,\;N)[[x^S]]$$ and using the above result and this isomorphism, finally we show that $$Ext^i_{R[x^S]}(M[x^{-S}],\;N[x^{-S}]){\cong}Ext^i_R(M,\;N)[[x^S]]$$.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.446-453
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• 2004

A portable electronic tongue (E-Tongue) system using an array of ion-selective electrode (ISE) and personal digital assistants (PDA) for recognizing and analyzing food and drink have been designed. By the employment of PDA, the complex algorithm such as fuzzy c-means algorithm (FCMA) could be used in E-Tongue, PUMA could iteratively solve the cluster centers of pre-determined standard patterns. And the membership between the standard patterns and unknown pattern could be analyzed easily by the present E-Tongue combined with PDA.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.169-172
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• 2012

The aim of this research was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Clerodendron trichotomum. Antibacterial activities of the n-hexane, methylene chloride (MC), ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions from C. trichotomum were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Helicobacter pylori. The n-hexane and MC fractions showed antibacterial activity against H. pylori at a concentration of 1.7 mg/mL and showed inhibition zones of 10 and 11 mm in disc assay, respectively. Further testing of 22-dehydroclerosterol and ${\beta}$-amyrin (each 3.4 mg/mL) from the MC fraction of C. trichotomum revealed moderate antibacterial effects against E. coli, S. aureus, and H. pylori. In particular, ${\beta}$-amyrin showed clear zones of 12 and 13 mm against E. coli and H. pylori, respectively, suggesting its potential as an antibacterial agent. The active compounds from C. trichotomum might provide a promising therapeutic agent against infections by E. coli, S. aureus, and H. pylori.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.379-385
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• 2018

Purpose: Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element for bone mineralization and osteoblast function. We examined the effects of Zn deficiency on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods: Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured at concentration of 1 to $15{\mu}M$ $ZnCl_2$ (Zn- or Zn+) for 5, 15 and 25 days up to the calcification period. Extracellular matrix mineralization was detected by staining Ca and P deposits using Alizarin Red and von Kossa stain respectively, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected by ALP staining and colorimetric method. Results: Extracellular matrix mineralization was decreased in Zn deficiency over 5, 15, and 25 days. Similarly, staining of ALP activity as the sign of an osteoblast differentiation, was also decreased by Zn deficiency over the same period. Interestingly, the gene expression of bone-related markers (ALP, PTHR; parathyroid hormone receptor, OPN; osteopontin, OC; osteocalcin and COLI; collagen type I), and bone-specific transcription factor Runx2 were downregulated by Zn deficiency for 5 or 15 days, however, this was restored at 25 days. Conclusion: Our data suggests that Zn deficiency inhibits osteoblast differentiation by retarding bone marker gene expression and also inhibits bone mineralization by decreasing Ca/P deposition as well as ALP activity.