• 환경생물
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2005

Development of the fourth-instar larvae of Chironomus riparius has a sensitive to ecdysteroid hormones. The 2D/E gel analysis for polypeptide expression reflecting early-ecdysterone inducible gene has conducted the emerged female from larval phase exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). In the 2D/E gel 1108 protein spots were identified. The visualized protein spots allowed extraction of 17 protein spots differed more than 3 fold in BPA treated animals, which was approximately $1.6\%$ of the total protein spots. However, polypeptide expression reflecting early-ecdysterone inducible gene didn't change after treatments. In addition, detection for the damages or changes in mitogenome level was observed. The conserved cytochrome oxidase I in DNA level affected exposure to BPA $(1{\mu}gL^{-1})$ in this preliminary study.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.1406-1416
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• 2019

In this research, a multi-slit prompt-gamma camera was developed to locate the distal dose falloff of the proton beam spots in spot scanning proton therapy. To see the performance of the developed camera, therapeutic proton beams were delivered to a solid plate phantom and then the prompt gammas from the phantom were measured using the camera. Our results show that the camera locates the 90% distal dose falloff (= d90%), within about 2-3 mm of error for the spots which are composed $3.8{\times}10^8$ protons or more. The measured location of d90% is not very sensitive to the irradiation depth of the proton beam (i.e., the depth of proton beam from the phantom surface toward which the camera is located). Considering the number of protons per spot for the most distal spots in typical treatment cases (i.e., 2 Gy dose divided in 2 fields), the camera can locate d90% only for a fraction of the spots depending on the treatment cases. However, the information of those spots is still valuable in that, in the multi-slit prompt-gamma camera, the distal dose falloff of the spots is located solely based on prompt gamma measurement, i.e., not referring to Monte Carlo simulation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.934-944
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• 2007

Paenibacillus polymyxa E681 is known to be able to suppress plant diseases by producing antimicrobial compounds and to promote plant growth by producing phytohormones, and secreting diverse degrading enzymes. In spite of these capabilities, little is known regarding the flow of information from the bacterial strain to the barley roots. In an attempt to determine the flow of information from the bacterial strain to barley roots, the strain was grown in the presence and absence of barley, and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry were used. 2D-PAGE detected approximately 1,000 spots in the cell and 1,100 spots in the supernatant at a pH 4-10 gradient. Interestingly, about 80 spots from each sample showed quantitative variations. Fifty-three spots from these were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and 28 proteins were identified. Most of the cytosolic proteins expressed at higher levels were found in P. polymyxa E681 cells grown in the presence of barley rather than in the absence of barley. Proteins detected at a lower level in the surpernatant of P. polymyxa E68l cells grown in the presence of barley were lipoprotein, glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, heat-shock protein HtpG, spermidine synthase, OrfZ, ribonuclease PH, and coenzyme PQQ synthesis protein, and flagellar hook-associated protein 2 whereas proteins detected at a higher level in the surpernatant of P. polymyxa E681 cells grown in the presence of barley included D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase A, isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase, ABC transporter ATP-binding protein Uup, lipase. Many of the proteins belonging to plant-induced stimulons are associated with biosynthetic metabolism and metabolites of proteins and transport. Some of these proteins would be expected to be induced by environmental changes resulting from the accumulation of plant-secreted substances.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1169-1173
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• 2006

Imaging ellipsometry (IE) for detection of binding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) to an immunosensor is reported. A protein G layer, chemically bound to a self-assembled layer of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA), was adopted for immobilization of monoclonal antibody against E. coli O157:H7 (Mab). The immobilization of antibody was investigated using surface plasmon resonance. To fabricate antibody spots on a gold surface, protein G solution was spotted onto the gold surface modified with an 11-MUA layer, followed by immobilizing Mab on the protein G spot. Ellipsometric images of the protein G spot, the Mab spot, and Mab spots with binding of E. coli O157:H7 in various concentrations were acquired using the IE system. The change of mean optical intensity of the Mab spots in the ellipsometric images indicated that the lowest detection limit was $10^3$CFU/ml for E. coli O157:H7. Thus, IE can be applied to an immunosensor for detection of E. coli O157:H7 as a detection method with the advantages of allowing label-free detection, high sensitivity, and operational simplicity.

• 생태와환경
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• 제36권3호통권104호
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• pp.369-374
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• 2003

내분비계장애물질 (환경호르몬)의 일종인 노닐페놀(nonylphenol, NP)에 의한 수서 환경 내 생태독성 평가의 일환으로 한국에 서식하는 무당개구리 (Bombina orientalis) 수컷에서 NP에 의한 간조직 내 발현 단백질의 변화를 추적하였다. 체중 10${pm}$0.1g의 수컷 무당개구리에 NP을 10mg/kg 농도로 복강 주사한 후 48 및 96시간 후에 간을 절취 한 뒤 마쇄하여 2차원 전기영동을 수행하였다. Coomassie brilliant blue로 염색한 gel 상에서 전체적으로 50${\sim}$60개 정도의 protein spots을 확인할 수 있었으며 단백질 spots의 변화를 비교 분석한 결과 NP처리 48시간 후 8개의 spots이 증가한 반면 12개의 spots이 감소하였다. 96시간 후에는 30개의 spots이 증가되었고 8개의 spots이 감소하였다. 전체적으로는 약20%정도의 단백질의 변화가 있었다. 단백질 발현의 동태는 투여 후 2일 까지는 단백질 생산이 일시적으로 감소하지만 다시 새로운 단백질을 생성하는 것으로 사료된다. NP 노출에 따른 무당개구리 간조직 내 단백질 발현의 변화는 한국의 수서환경에서 내분비계 장애물질의위해성 평가에 요구되는 단백질 biomaker의 개발에 이용 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 복식
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2009

Literature in beauty art is insufficient regarding beauty spot, though it has played an important role in beauty art history. This study aims at analyzing various patterns and decorative functions of beauty spots and examining their remarkable differences by place and time. It attempts to find the symbolistic characteristics of beauty patch which influenced European countries socially and culturally in the 17th and 18th centuries, findings are as follows: first, beauty spots are extremely various by patch patterns and by forms, e.g. Wha-Jeon(花鈿), Bindi and artificial points. In the view of cosmetic purpose, they have been used to beautify appearances, reveal social positions and express the desires like blessing or protection from evil. In the times of Baroque and Rococo, though temporarily, people with beauty spots and their belonged societies used them as communicative tools: obviously, they functioned symbolistically. This study surveyed 156 persons to find what cosmetic messages and images beauty spots present in the contemporary world. Using SPSS 13.0, the study analyzed the responses and found that beauty spots are still functioning and welcomed to let women look more beautiful and more attractive, though their cosmetic messages and sizes have been simplified and scaled down.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of protein patterns in granulosa cells and corpus luteum in ovaries during the estrus cycle in cows. The estrus cycle was devided into five steps of follicular, ovulatory, early-luteal, mid-luteal and late-luteal phases. In results, 61 spots of total 85 spots were repeated on follicular phase and 51 spots of total 114 spots were repeated on ovulatory phase. The 40 spots of total 129 spots were repeated on early-luteal phase and 49 spots of total 104 spots were repeated on mid-luteal phase. Also 41 spots of total 60 spots were repeated on late-luteal phase. On the other hands, the 16 spots were indicated difference in follicular phase and ovulation phase had a difference 10 spots. It was showed difference No. 103 spot in ovulation phase, No. 135 spot in early-luteal phase and No. 175 and 176 spots in mid-luteal phase. Also, the 11 spots were expressed specifically in mid-luteal phase and No. 178 and 179 spots were difference of expression in late-luteal phase. We confirmed that there were 7 spots for ovulation, 4 spots for luteinization and 2 spots for luteolysis. Spot No. 89~93 in ovulation phase were transferrin, and spot No.94~98 were HSP60. Spot No. 103 was Dusty PK, spot No. 135 was OGDC-E2, and spot No. 175 and 176 were Rab GDI beta from luteinization. Spot No. 178 and 179 in luteolysis were vimentin. This results suggest that will be help to basic data about infertility.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 12호
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• pp.17-20
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• 1970

수컷 제 9복절의 복면에 암컷의 생식후원선의 위치에 해당하는 곳에 생식후원선과 비슷한 한 쌍의 소반점이 있는 경우가 있어 자웅감별에 있어서 혼란을 이르키고 있기 때문에 실용상의 문제로서 기보 한 바와 같이 6품종의 잠품종에 대하여 조사연구한 바 품종별 또는 계통별 특성이 있어 보편적으로 중국종은 일본종에 비하여 소반점이 있는 개체가 많았다. 그러나 이러한 사실은 품종 고유의 특성이기 때문에 반드시 품종간의 교잡F$_1$에 있어서도 유전적인 관련성이 있을 것으로 추정하여 조사한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1, 첫번째 조사에서는 계통별로 보아 일본종이 평균 17.8%이고 중국종이 57.0%였지만 재조사한 바에 의하면(참조 Table 1.) 일본종이 평균 13.6%이고 중국종이 37.8%인 것을 보면 품종별로 일정한 경향은 없지만 중국종계가 일본종계에 비하여 항시 고율인 것에는 틀림없었다. 2. 일본종계에 있어서 수컷을 암컷으로 오인한 것이 1.2~2.6%이고 암컷을 수컷으로 오인한 것이 0.5~0.9%였으며 중국계에 있어서는 수컷을 암컷으로 오인한 것이 7.1~9.4%이고 암컷을 수컷으로 오인한 것이 2.9~3.4%로서 여기에서도 중국종계가 고율을 나타내고 있는 것은 중국종계에 이 소반점이 많다는 사실을 증명해 주는 것이었다. 3. 교배형식을 각각 달리한 교잡F$_1$에 있어서도 소반점이 있는 개체와 없는 개체가 분리되었다. 4. 소반점 출현수가 적은 품종을 모체로 하고 여기에 소반점이 있는 수컷을 교배한 교배형식 보다는 소반점 출현수가 많은 품종을 모체로 하고 여기세 소반점이 없는 수컷을 교배한 교배형식에서 소반점이 있는 개체가 많이 나타났다. (참조 Table 2. C.G＞B.F) 5. 소반점 출현수가 많은 품종끼리 교배한 교배형식은 출현수가 적은 품종끼리 교배한 교배형식보다 소반점이 있는 개체가 많이 나타났다(H＞E) 6. 예외(A.B)는 있었지만 같은 형식의 교잡종(C.D, E.F, G.H)에 있어서는 소반점이 있는 수컷을 교배한 것이 소반점이 없는 수컷을 교배한 것 보다 소반점이 있는 개체가 많이 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.532-536
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• 2004

Due to the fourth-instar larvae of C. riparius have a sensitive to ecdysteroidal molting hormones for the life cycle developments, accordingly the emerged adult affected corresponding to larval phase's environments. The emerged female from larval phase exposure to DEHP observed a fact body and clumsy fling behavior in females. The body volume of treated female groups was clearly larger than that of control fe- males. In the 2D/E gel 1108 protein spots were identified. The visualized protein spots allowed extraction of 27 protein spots differed more than 3 fold in DEHP treated animals, which was approximately 2.4％ of the total protein spots. In this view, the body volume (or morphological characters) was well observed and detected faster than physiological detection for various EDCs. In this study, the body volume as a detecting po-int for EDCs suggested a bio-marker in individual levels.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to identify antigens for a vaccine or drug target to control rabbit coccidiosis. A combination of 2-dimensional electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and mass spectrometric analysis were used to identify novel antigens from the sporozoites of Eimeria stiedae. Protein spots were recognized by the sera of New Zealand rabbits infected artificially with E. stiedae. The proteins were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS) analysis in combination with bioinformatics. Approximately 868 protein spots were detected by silver-staining, and a total of 41 immunoreactive protein spots were recognized by anti-E. stiedae sera. Finally, 23 protein spots were successfully identified. The proteins such as heat shock protein 70 and aspartyl protease may have potential as immunodiagnostic or vaccine antigens. The immunoreactive proteins were found to possess a wide range of biological functions. This study is the first to report the proteins recognized by sera of infected rabbits with E. stiedae, which might be helpful in identifying potential targets for vaccine development to control rabbit coccidiosis.