• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.818-823
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• 2009

Web is greatly contributing in providing a variety of information. Especially, as media for the purpose of development and education of human resources, the role of web is important. Furthermore, E-Learning through web plays an important role for each enterprise and an educational institution. Also, above all, fast and various searches are required in order to manage and search a great number of educational contents in web. Therefore, most of present information is composed in HTML, so there are lots of restrictions. As a solution to such restriction, XML a standard of Web document, and its various search functions is being extended and studied variously. Moreover, any technology, AJAX, and the old and new technology has two sides. The technology already exists, and it was not even considered before, because new technology is combined technologies. AJAX is a lot of Web 2.0 and Web technologies complement are combined. This paper proposes a search system able to search XML, AJAX in E-Learning or various contents of non-XML.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of cognitive flexibility and e-learning digital literacy on the learning flow of nursing students who had experienced e-learning. Methods: The research design for this study was a descriptive survey using convenience sampling. Data were collected using online questionnaires completed by 134 nursing students in Andong city and Pocheon city. The data were analyzed using percentages, mean values, standard deviations, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS for Windows version 22.0. Results: Positive correlations were found between learning flow and e-learning digital literacy (r = .43, p < .001), between learning flow and cognitive flexibility (r = .52, p < .001), and between e-learning digital literacy and cognitive flexibility (r = .65, p < .001). In the multiple regression analysis, cognitive flexibility (β = .42, p < .001) was a significant predictor that explained 27.8% of variance in learning flow. Conclusion: The results of this study show that cognitive flexibility is a factor influencing learning flow in nursing students. Based on the results of the study, educational programs aiming to improve learning flow should include methods that improve cognitive flexibility.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.177-189
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• 2013

In Smart Education, the roles of digital textbook is very important as face-to-face media to learners. The standardization of digital textbook will promote the industrialization of digital textbook for contents providers and distributers as well as learner and instructors. In this study, the following three objectives-oriented digital textbooks are looking for ways to standardize. (1) digital textbooks should undertake the role of the media for blended learning which supports on-off classes, should be operating on common EPUB viewer without special dedicated viewer, should utilize the existing framework of the e-learning learning contents and learning management. The reason to consider the EPUB as the standard for digital textbooks is that digital textbooks don't need to specify antoher standard for the form of books, and can take advantage od industrial base with EPUB standards-rich content and distribution structure (2) digital textbooks should provide a low-cost open market service that are currently available as the standard open software (3) To provide appropriate learning feedback information to students, digital textbooks should provide a foundation which accumulates and manages all the learning activity information according to standard infrastructure for educational Big Data processing. In this study, the digital textbook in a smart education environment was referred to open digital textbook. The components of open digital textbooks service framework are (1) digital textbook terminals such as smart pad, smart TVs, smart phones, PC, etc., (2) digital textbooks platform to show and perform digital contents on digital textbook terminals, (3) learning contents repository, which exist on the cloud, maintains accredited learning, (4) App Store providing and distributing secondary learning contents and learning tools by learning contents developing companies, and (5) LMS as a learning support/management tool which on-site class teacher use for creating classroom instruction materials. In addition, locating all of the hardware and software implement a smart education service within the cloud must have take advantage of the cloud computing for efficient management and reducing expense. The open digital textbooks of smart education is consdered as providing e-book style interface of LMS to learners. In open digital textbooks, the representation of text, image, audio, video, equations, etc. is basic function. But painting, writing, problem solving, etc are beyond the capabilities of a simple e-book. The Communication of teacher-to-student, learner-to-learnert, tems-to-team is required by using the open digital textbook. To represent student demographics, portfolio information, and class information, the standard used in e-learning is desirable. To process learner tracking information about the activities of the learner for LMS(Learning Management System), open digital textbook must have the recording function and the commnincating function with LMS. DRM is a function for protecting various copyright. Currently DRMs of e-boook are controlled by the corresponding book viewer. If open digital textbook admitt DRM that is used in a variety of different DRM standards of various e-book viewer, the implementation of redundant features can be avoided. Security/privacy functions are required to protect information about the study or instruction from a third party UDL (Universal Design for Learning) is learning support function for those with disabilities have difficulty in learning courses. The open digital textbook, which is based on E-book standard EPUB 3.0, must (1) record the learning activity log information, and (2) communicate with the server to support the learning activity. While the recording function and the communication function, which is not determined on current standards, is implemented as a JavaScript and is utilized in the current EPUB 3.0 viewer, ths strategy of proposing such recording and communication functions as the next generation of e-book standard, or special standard (EPUB 3.0 for education) is needed. Future research in this study will implement open source program with the proposed open digital textbook standard and present a new educational services including Big Data analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.141-146
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• 2009

e-learning은 교육의 새로운 패러다임으로 각광받고 있다. 하지만 일방적인 강의식 교육으로 학습자의 참여도와 만족도등의 문제점이 있다. 또한 시스템 구축과 콘텐츠 제작 비용에 많이 투입되지만 효과성이 낮다는 지적이 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 웹 2.0의 기술을 활용하여 기존의 문제점을 해결하는데 목적이 있다. 웹 2.0의 기술 중에 본 연구에 활용할 기술은 RSS와 위키이다. RSS는 웹 사이트의 콘텐츠를 공유하고 주고받을 수 있도록 만든 표준이다. 콘텐cm들 중에는 학습 자료로 추가 비용 없이 활용할만한 것이 많이 있다. 위키는 구성원간의 지식공유가 효율적으로 이루어 질수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 학습자들의 상호작용을 높힐 수 있는 도구이다. RSS와 위키를 접목하여 학습 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 적용결과 기존 e-learning을 사용하여 학습한 집단보다 창의적 글쓰기에 RSS와 위키를 활용하는 학습 시스템이 학습에 더욱 효과적이라는 것을 보였다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

In this paper, I introduce web 2.0 tool with which cooperative learning is possible based on C4LPT, and suggest educational application plan of web 2.0 tool by offering briefly the teaching-learning process plan for application class of web 2.0 tool. The class through the suggested teaching-learning process plan encouraged participation so that the common goal of a small group could be achieved and provided a web base where free communication could be possible. Futhermore, by using the collaboration space of web 2.0 tool, I could attract learners' study interest and maintain learning atmosphere. Based on teaching-learning process plan, I have taught university freshmen from 2012 to the present, and I could confirm the possibility of education application and the satisfaction of education application of web 2.0 tool through students' learning results and a survey.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.759-760
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• 2013

Duaring IT industrial trend time, there are many important concept. Cloud computing, Bigdata issue, etc. One of the most important concept is 'Web 2.0' On educational industry, there is not enough up-dated at Web 2.0 concept. It has still One way study model. So apply 'web 2.0' concept on educational platform, and especially e-learning class, we can apply 'collective intelligence' concept.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2021

The increased turbidity in rivers during flood events has various effects on water environmental management, including drinking water supply systems. Thus, prediction of turbid water is essential for water environmental management. Recently, various advanced machine learning algorithms have been increasingly used in water environmental management. Ensemble machine learning algorithms such as random forest (RF) and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) are some of the most popular machine learning algorithms used for water environmental management, along with deep learning algorithms such as recurrent neural networks. In this study GBDT, an ensemble machine learning algorithm, and gated recurrent unit (GRU), a recurrent neural networks algorithm, are used for model development to predict turbidity in a river. The observation frequencies of input data used for the model were 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 120 and 168 h. The root-mean-square error-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR) of GRU and GBDT ranges between 0.182~0.766 and 0.400~0.683, respectively. Both models show similar prediction accuracy with RSR of 0.682 for GRU and 0.683 for GBDT. The GRU shows better prediction accuracy when the observation frequency is relatively short (i.e., 2, 4, and 8 h) where GBDT shows better prediction accuracy when the observation frequency is relatively long (i.e. 48, 120, 160 h). The results suggest that the characteristics of input data should be considered to develop an appropriate model to predict turbidity.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.141-156
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• 2014

This study intended to evaluate the viability of cyber education in terms of learning satisfaction and learning achievement. The study integrated two research streams such as social presence model and learning environment model. Where the learning environment model emphasizes the components of learning aids, social presence model considers more deeply the relationships among peers and with instructors. These two research streams have been considered relatively independently. The study integrated these ideas and measured their reliabilities and validities. The results demonstrate that the two constructs are relevantly independent and both of these constructs are very important considerations for the success of cyber education. The study concludes that cyber education 2.0 requires more social presence factors than the learning environment factors such as technological development or new equipments.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of applying e-learning in industrial technology practical retraining. We have conducted a questionnaire survey for 177 subjects in 23 courses of four types of industry. Also, we have performed focus group interviews to analyze the problem and the reason for taking e-learning classes. A satisfaction measurements of the contents area(average 3.78 out of 5.0) and system area(average 3.70) were relatively high. However, the satisfaction measurement of the management area(average 3.0) was relatively low. The satisfaction measurement of learning area(average 3.68) was relatively high, but that of the behavior area(average 3.51) was on a normal level. In conclusion, an application of e-learning showed the effect on extending educational chances and spreading the technology in highly technological fields. We suggest that e-learning should be consistently and specifically expanded.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.36-46
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• 2011

practice in operating room nursing and to examine the learning effects. Methods: Based on content and need analysis, 9 learning modules were developed for nursing care in operating rooms and with operating equipment. To verify the effects of the program, a quasi- experimental pretest-posttest control group design was employed. The participants in this study were 74 third-year nursing students (34 in the experimental and 40 in the control group) from a junior college in G-city, Korea, who were engaged in a one week clinical practicum in an operating unit. Frequencies, $X^2$-test and t-test with the SPSS program 17.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: Knowledge was significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (p=.018). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in self-directed learning. The experimental group had significantly higher motivation toward learning, which was examined posttest only (p=.027). Conclusion: These results indicate that the implementation of an e-Learning program needs to be continued as an effective educational tool, but more research on the best way to implement e-Learning in students' practicum is needed.