• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2011

This research is a basic researching process for producing solid fuel that mixing paper sludge and Heat Transfer Medium Oil. Under the presence of Heat Transfer Medium Oil, paper sludge is heated and dried with home appliance microwave for comparing drying efficiency and energy efficiency of different types of drying method. As a result, Heat Transfer Medium Oil and paper mixing case of drying method, OMD, is the most efficient way to shorten the time for evaporating moisture in the paper sludge. In addition, heat transfer effect and density is increased with adding Heat Transfer Medium Oil by microwave. Future more, OMD's energy cost for evaporating whole moisture is 78% cheaper than MD. Also, OMD process shows the best energy efficiency with comparing other process. Evaporation rate of paper sludge evaporation process with microwave is 11.66% increased by adding Heat Transfer Medium Oil 150g. Preheating Heat Transfer Medium Oil or improving different ways injecting Heat Transfer Medium Oil is a good way to increase a rate of initiative moisture evaporation process.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.334-339
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• 2008

An closed cooling tower is a device similar to a general cooling tower, but with cooling tower replaced by a heat exchanger. The purpose of this study is to evaluate thermal performance of heat exchanger at various conditions and to provide design datebase. The experimental study regarding heat exchanger for closed cooling tower was conducted. Experimental apparatus consists of constant temperature bath, water pump, spray nozzle, heat exchanger, fan, and date acquisition system. Heat transfer rates at various air velocitys, water flow rates, two different spray modes were measured and heat transfer coefficient were calculated to compare the thermal performances. This study provides that the heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing spray water flow rate and with increasing air velocity. The wet mode was more effective than dry mode for closed cooling tower to this study.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.589-599
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• 1998

Air side heat transfer and pressure drop for fin-tube heat exchanger with wave and wave-slit fins were measured for various fin spacings and number of tube rows. Outer diameter of the tube including fin collar is 10.07mm, and experiments were done with dry surface condition. Longitudinal and transverse tube spacings of the heat exchangers are 21.65mm and 25mm respectively, and wave depth of the wave fin is 2mm. Experiments were conducted for 1, 2 and 3 rows and 3 different fin spacings, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7mm. An attempt was made to demonstrate advantage of the enhanced fins over the plane fin by introducing the concept of fan power, Effect of the number of tube rows on heat transfer was discussed in connection with general mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement for fin-tube heat exchanger. Also the effect of hydrophilic coating was investigated. Lastly, correlations for Colburn j-factor and friction factor were developed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.1457-1462
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• 2017

Unsteady thermal processes in storage containers with spent nuclear fuel were modeled. The daily fluctuations of outer ambient temperatures were taken into account. The modeling approach, which is based on the solving of conjugate and inverse heat transfer problems, was verified by comparison of measured and calculated temperatures in outer channels. The time delays in the reaching of maximal temperatures for each spent fuel assembly were calculated. Results of numerical investigations show that daily fluctuation of outer temperatures does not have a large influence on the maximal temperatures of stored spent fuel, so that fluctuation can be neglected and only daily average temperature should be considered for safety estimation using the "best estimation" approach.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.535-542
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• 2000

Canola meal and seed are poor sources of ruminal undegraded protein (RUP). On average, canola meal and canola seed contains 35 and 14% RUP, respectively. Several protection methods are effective in reducing ruminal degradation of canola protein and in increasing RUP without affecting total tract protein digestibility. Heat (e.g., dry heat, moist heat and jet-sploding) and chemical (e.g., formaldehyde) treatments are the most common methods used to reduce ruminal degradability of canola protein. In most cases, heat treatments were found to be more effective than chemical treatments in protecting canola protein form ruminal degradation. Despite improvement in RUP content and intestinal availability of RUP, data form several studies showed little or no improvement in animal performance as a result of increasing the RUDP level of canola meal and seed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.532-541
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• 1996

Theoretical and numerical study on heat transfer and evaporation in the vertical channel has been carried out and basic correlations have been derived for the heat transfer evaluation of PCCS. Analysis program was developed with low-Reynolds-number k-$\varepsilon$ model and surface transfer rates were calculated for the turbulent natural convection in the vertical channel. In relation to dry cooling by buoyancy-driven air, first, the system parameters which govern overall heat transfer rate are determined through the adequate nondimensionalization procedure. After comparison with existing experimental data, numerical results are used to derive heat transfer correlation by sensitivity calculations. In relation to wet cooling by falling water film, numerical analysis are carried out for evaporation process with real film surface conditions and evaporation correlation is derived through analogy concept and correction factors.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1991

It has been known that the nosebleeding is a king hemorrhage occured to be damaged yang-rak (陽略) & lung. the results obtained were as follows; 1. The cause of nosebleeding were divided internal external, these were lung-heat(肺實熱), wind-heat(風熱), dry-heat(煥熱), wind-cold(風寒), summer-heat(暑熱), and those were transporting of Liver-fire(肝火犯肺), Liver-kidney-fire(肝腎陰虛熱傷肺), Stomach-fire(胃火熾盛), Heart-fire(心火千肺). 2. The treatment of external ; Chungpaesulyul(淸肺泄熱), Yanghyuljihyul(凉血止血), Sanpungchungyul(散風淸熱), Jaeumchungjo(滋陰淸煥). 3. The treatment of internal ; Chungkansahwa(淸肝瀉火), Yanghuljihyul(凉血止血), Jayumganghwa(滋陰降火), Chunguysahwa(淸胃瀉火). The cause of nosebleeding was almost heat (fire), and the treatment were Sanpyo(散表) & Chungri(淸裏).

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2011

1. Objectives: This study is aimed to develop the algorithm, which can help clinicians diagnose Soeumin's symptomology, based on the indexes such as dry mouth, water drinking, sweat, urine, appetite, digestion, and stool, etc. 2. Methods: This research analyzes the items of "Donguisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" to reveal the inevitable and sequential indexes of Soeumin's symptomology diagnosis, in order of exterior-interior pattern differentiation, favorable-unfavorable pattern differentiation, and mild-severe-dangerous-urgent pattern differentiation. 3. Results and Conclusions: 1) 1st step: Soeumin's exterior pattern and interior pattern are differentiated in terms of heat and cold, respectively. Stool and digestion are used to confirm the difference. 2) 2nd step: The existence of sweat is used to find out that an exterior pattern is with or without favor, while the indexes of stool, dry mouth, and generalized pain are used to identify an interior pattern with or without favor. 3) 3rd step: The favorably exterior-heat pattern can be either mild or severe by the indexes of cold-heat, stool, tidal fever, and manic raving, panting and straight looking, while the unfavorably exterior-heat pattern can be either dangerous or urgent by the ones of cold-heat, stool, and urine. And, the favorably interior-cold pattern can be either mild or severe by the indexes of stuffiness and fullness, jaundice, and edema, while the unfavorably interior-cold pattern can be either mild or severe by the ones of vexation level.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 시멘트와 광물질혼화재인 고로슬래그미분말과 플라이애쉬를 미리 혼입한 Premixed Cement를 사용한 콘크리트와 수축저감제가 혼입된 3성분계 콘크리트, OPC 100%의 콘크리트에 대하여 기초물성 평가로 공기량, 슬럼프, 압축강도 및 건조수축 시험을 수행하고, 수화열 해석을 수행하여 Premixed Cement를 사용한 콘크리트의 현장 적용성을 검토하였다. 검토결과 Premixed Cement를 사용한 콘크리트는 목표 작업성 및 설계기준압축강도를 충분히 만족하며, 건조수축 측면에서도 수축 저감제를 혼입한 3성분계 콘크리트와 유사한 건조수축 특성을 나타내었다. 또한, 수화열 해석 결과 Premixed Cement를 사용한 콘크리트는 목표 온도균열지수를 충분히 확보할 뿐만 아니라, 수축 저감제를 혼입한 3성분계 콘크리트보다 경제성을 확보할 수 있는 방안으로 도출되었다. 향후 매스콘크리트구조물 시공에 있어 구조물의 내구성능 및 유지관리 편의성 향상을 위해 Premixed Cement를 사용한 콘크리트의 현장적용은 바람직한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.1265-1270
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• 2009

조리기구 및 도구의 재질 표면에 오염된 병원성 세균은 외식 및 단체급식에서 교차 오염의 원인으로 작용할 수 있으며, 이들이 표면에 형성시킨 biofilm은 세척 및 살균소독 과정에서도 살아남아 식중독의 위험을 증가시킨다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 상업적 살균소독제와 $71^{\circ}C$ 건열 살균을 하였을 때 스테인리스 스틸과 폴리프로필렌에 오염된 5종류의 병원성 미생물(E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus)의 부착세포와 biofilm에 대한 저해 효과를 평가하였다. 결과로 염소계와 $71^{\circ}C$ 건열처리는 모두 유의적인 저해효과를 나타내지 않았다. 알코올계살균소독제는 스테인리스 스틸과 폴리프로필렌에서 각각 3.4$\sim$6.4 log, 5.5$\sim$7.4 log CFU/coupon 수준의 감소를 보여 강한 살균력을 나타내는 것으로 관찰되었다. 살균소독제 처리는 단체급식소에서 가장 일반적으로 사용하고 있는 소독방법이지만, 살균소독제 종류에 따라서 살균 효과 차이가 크고, 미생물의 오염되어 있는 물질 및 오염 방법 등 처리 조건의 차이에 따라 결과가 달라질 수 있다. 그러므로 효과적인 살균 소독을 위해 보다 다양한 조건과 처리방법에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.