• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1158-1162
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• 2005

Drug delivery systems have been developed to reduce the side toxicity of drugs by localizing them in the site of action. But it depends on the circulation of the blood and it doesn't have the function of locomotive mechanism of itself for searching for the region of disease. However, this problem could be solved by nanobot which have the locomotive function. So, we mimic the movement of cell that can move in a human body. In this paper, to polymerize the encapsulated actin within the liposome, electroporation technique is employed. In order to optimize polymerization and depolymerization of the liposome, we compare the time of polymerization and depolymerization by concentration of crown ether. we synthesis the liposome which contain azobenzene Linked crown Ether conjugated Actin protein. Azobenze linked crown ether holds the K+ ion by exposure of UV light and this disturbs the actin polymerization. In result, UV light could control the liposome growth. Finally, we could develop the liposome robot and control the growth and degeneration of the liposome by external stimuli such s UV light. The merit of the controlling by UV light doesn't need to inject proteins which induce polymerization and depolymerization of actin protein.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2014

Bioimaging has advanced the field of nanomedicine, drug delivery, and tissue engineering by directly visualizing the dynamic mechanism of diagnostic agents or therapeutic drugs in the body. In particular, wide-field, planar, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has the potential to revolutionize human surgery by providing real-time image guidance to surgeons for target tissues to be resected and vital tissues to be preserved. In this review, we introduce the principles of NIR fluorescence imaging and analyze currently available NIR fluorescence imaging systems with special focus on optical source and packaging. We also introduce the evolution of the FLARE intraoperative imaging technology as an example for image-guided surgery.

• Carbon letters
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2015

Bio-imaging and drug carriers for delivery have created a huge demand for crystals. Crystals are fascinating materials that have been grown for a long time but obtaining biocompatible fluorescent crystals is a challenging task. We report on the growth of fluorescent crystals using a carbon dot (C-dot) solution by a hydrothermal process. The crystallization pattern of these C-dots exhibited a unique dendritic structure having a feather-like morphology. The growth temperature and pressure were maintained at 60℃ and 200 mmHg, respectively, for crystal growth. A green fluorescence (under UV light) that was observed in the C-dot solution was retained in the crystals formed from the solution. Cytotoxicity studies on Vero cells revealed the crystals to be extremely biocompatible. These fluorescent crystals are extremely well suited for biomedical and optoelectronic applications.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.73-73
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• 2010

Various organic- and bio-conjugated nanoparticles have been studied extensively for biological applications in medical diagnoses and drug delivery systems. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are known biocompatible materials to be used in vivo and are becoming increasingly important in biomedical applications. In this work, we investigated the stability of PEG-conjugated AuNPs, dialysis and centrifuge effects after synthesis or pegylation of AuNPs as a function of elapsed time by using ToF-SIMS imaging technique along with dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-visible absorption spectroscopic and statistical analyses. Roughly 15-nm-sized AuNPs were synthesized in a citrate-conjugated form, and then converted into the thiol-terminated PEG (O-[2-(3-Mercaptopropionylamino)ethyl]-O'-methylpolyethyleneglycol, M.W.=5 kDa) form. Based on our data, we will show that ToF-SIMS imaging analysis along with DLS, UV-visible absorption and statistical analyses would be a useful method to evaluate stability of PEG-conjugated AuNPs in various environmental conditions.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of morin, an antioxidant, on the bioavailability of doxorubicin (DOX) in rats. Thus, DOX was administered intravenously (10 mg/kg) or orally (50 mg/kg) with or without oral morin (0.5, 3 and 10 mg/kg). In the presence of morin, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of DOX was significantly greater than that of the control. In the presence of 3 and 10 mg/kg of morin, the peak concentration $C_{MAX}$) was significantly higher than that of the control. Consequently, the absolute bioavailability (AB) of DOX in the presence of morin was 3.7-8.3%, which was significantly enhanced compared with those of the control group (2.7%). The relative bioavailability (RB) of DOX was 1.36 to 3.02 times higher than those of the control group. Compared to the intravenous control, the presence of morin increased the AUC of DOX, but was not significantly affected. The enhanced bioavailability of oral DOX by oral morin may be due to the inhibition of both P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A in the intestine and/or liver by morin. This result may suggest that the development of oral DOX combination with morin is feasible, which is more convenient than the i.v. dosage forms. The present study raised the awareness about the potential drug interactions by concomitant use of DOX with morin.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.880-885
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• 2003

Research in this paper focuses on the kinetic evaluation of swelling of the liquid crystalline phases of glyceryl monooleate (GMO). Swelling of the lamellar and cubic liquid crystalline phases of GMO was studied using two in vitro methods, a total immersion method and a Franz cell method. The swelling of the lamellar phase and GMO having 0 %w/w initial water content was temperature dependent. The swelling ratio was greater at $20^{\circ}^C than 37^{\circ}^C$ . The water uptake increased dramatically with decreasing initial water content of the liquid crystalline phases. The swelling rates obtained using the Franz cell method with a moist nylon membrane to mimic buccal drug delivery situation were slower than the total immersion method. The swelling was studied by employing first-order and second-order swelling kinetics. The swelling of the liquid crystalline phases of GMO could be described by second-order swelling kinetics. The initial stage of the swelling (t < 4 h) followed the square root of time relationship, indicating that this model is also suitable for describing the water uptake by the liquid crystalline matrices. These results obtained from the current study demonstrate that the swelling strongly depends on temperature, the initial water content of the liquid crystalline phases and the methodology employed for measuring the swelling of GMO.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2021

Exosomes have gained the attention of the scientific community because of their role in facilitating intercellular communication, which is critical in disease monitoring and drug delivery research. Exosome research has grown significantly in recent decades, with a focus on the development of various technologies for isolating and characterizing exosomes. Among these efforts is the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS), which offers high-throughput direct analysis while also being cost and time effective. MALDI is used less frequently in exosome research than electrospray ionization due to the diverse population of extracellular vesicles and the impurity of isolated products, both of which necessitate chromatographic separation prior to MS analysis. However, MALDI-MS is a more appropriate instrument for the analytical approach to patient therapy, given it allows for fast and label-free analysis. There is a huge drive to explore MALDI-MS in exosome research because the technology holds great potential, most notably in biomarker discovery. With methods such as fingerprint analysis, OMICs profiling, and statistical analysis, the search for biomarkers could be much more efficient. In this review, we highlight the potential of MALDI-MS as a tool for investigating exosomes and some of the possible strategies that can be implemented based on prior research.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

Ginseng is described as the "King of all herbs, "Man-root" or "Root of heaven" and regarded as the most powerful herbal remedy, particularly grown in Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam, and North America. It has been in existence for a long time. The most demanded herbal cure, Ginseng, principally the root, has long been employed in traditional Asian medicine. The extent of availability of bioactive combinations and their impact on the body differs between American and Asian ginseng. Asian ginseng, also known as Panax ginseng, has a more calming influence and is more advantageous than American ginseng, such as Panax quinquefolius. The pharmaceutical aspect of development and extraction with diverse morphological properties is examined. Saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates, polyacetylenes, amino acids, vitamins, volatile oil, enzymes are all present in the Phyto-content of Ginseng. Ginsenosides are saponins that are constituents of the triterpenoid dammarane and have anticancer, anti-cardiovascular, anti-microbial, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Ginseng, in particular, has the possibility to help with microbial invasion, inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and diabetes. It developed nanoparticles and nanocomposite film technologies as novel drug delivery platforms for cancer, inflammation, and neurological illnesses. Furthermore, it offers a range of applications that will be vital for future growth.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.389-406
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• 2007

This study was conducted to estimate the safety level of non-cooking and cooking processed foods to propose the sanitary management of foods donated to foodbanks. The time and temperature were measured and the microbial levels of aerobic plate counts (APC), coliforms, E. coli, Salmonella spp., S. aureus, B. cereus, and E. coli O157:H7 were analyzed on ten food items donated to seven foodbanks. The amount of cooked foods donated to each foodbank was about 10 to 40 servings. All foodbanks hired a supervisor and had at least one refrigerator/freezer and one temperature-controlled vehicle, but only four foodbanks had the separate offices to manage the foodbank operation. The flow of donated foods was gone through the steps; production, meal service and holding at donator, collection by foodbank, transport (or holding after transport) and distribution to recipients. After production, the levels of APC of both non-cooking and cooking processed foods were complied with the standards by Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development, and were not increased till distribution. Only the level of coliforms in dried squid & cucumber salad (1.5×$10^3$ CFU/g) was not met the standards. E. coli and other pathogens were not detected in all tested samples. The microbial levels of delivery vessels and work tables were satisfactory, but the APC levels of two of four tested serving tables (6.9×$10^3$ and 5.3×$10^3$ CFU/100$cm^2$) and the coliforms level of one (1.1×$10^3$ CFU/100$cm^2$) were over the standards. The air-borne microflora level in serving room was estimated as satisfactory. It took about 3.0 to 6.5 hours from after-production to distribution and the temperatures of donated foods were exposed mostly to temperature danger zone, which had a high potential of microbial growth. These results imply that a checklist to monitor time and temperature in each step should be provided and the employees involving foodbank operation should be properly educated to ensure the safety of donated foods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8259-8263
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• 2016

Background: Nano-therapy has the potential to revolutionize cancer therapy. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid, was recently recognized as having important biological roles in chemical defenses and nitrogen fixation, with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects but the poor water solubility of flavonoids limitstheir bioavailability and biomedical applications. Objective: Chrysin loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA was assessed for improvement of solubility, drug tolerance and adverse effects and accumulation in a gastric cancer cell line (AGS). Materials and Methods: Chrysin loaded PLGA-PEG copolymers were prepared using the double emulsion method (W/O/W). The morphology and size distributions of the prepared PLGA-PEG nanospheres were investigated by 1H NMR, FT-IR and SEM. The in vitro cytotoxicity of pure and nano-chrysin was tested by MTT assay and miR-34a was measured by real-time PCR. Results: 1H NMR, FT-IR and SEM confirmed the PLGA-PEG structure and chrysin loaded on nanoparticles. The MTT results for different concentrations of chrysin at different times for the treatment of AGS cell line showed IC50 values of 68.2, 56.2 and $42.3{\mu}M$ and 58.2, 44.2, $36.8{\mu}M$ after 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment, respectively for chrysin itslef and chrysin-loaded nanoparticles. The results of real time PCR showed that expression of miR-34a was upregulated to a greater extent via nano chrysin rather than free chrysin. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates chrysin loaded PLGA-PEG promises a natural and efficient system for anticancer drug delivery to fight gastric cancer.