• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2008

The Manchester Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) is the most commonly used frameworks for investigating the relationship between self-reported driving behavior and accident involvement. After Reason et al. introduced DBQ, there were many studies replicating the research of Reason et al. in many countries. There was, however, no study replication of the Reason's research in Korea. The aim of this study is to replicate the distinction among errors, lapses and violations, and to evaluate the relationship of these behaviors with road traffic accidents on Korean drivers. 223 Korean drivers completed the Korean version of original DBQ with questions regarding background information, such as age, gender, annual mileage and accident involvement. Participants answered self-assessment questions, also. Factor analysis revealed three factors like Reason et al. The three factors were dangerous errors, violations and relatively harmless errors.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.519-528
• /
• 2004

For reappearance of driving perception in a driving simulator, a washout algorithm is required. This algorithm can reappear the vehicle driving motions within workspace of the driving simulator. However classical washout algorithm contains several problems such as selection of order, cut-off frequency of filters, generation of wrong motion cues by characteristics of filters, etc. In order to overcome these problems, this paper proposes a new washout algorithm which gives more accurate sensations to drivers. The algorithm consists of an artificial inclination of the motion plate and human perception model with band pass filter and dead zone. As a result of this study, the motion of a real car could be reappeared satisfactorily in the driving simulator and the workspace of motion plate is restrained without scaling factor.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.199-207
• /
• 2002

This is a study to evaluate the effects of the safety of ambulance driving and the occurrence of ambulance traffic accidents and to provide basic information for the description of various factors to reduce the ambulance traffic accidents. The major instruments of this study were Korean Self-Analysis Driver Opinionnaire. Questionnaire contains 8 items which measure driver's opinions or attitudees: driving courtesy, emotion, traffic law, speed, vehicle condition, the use of drugs, high-risk behavior, human factor. To take the analysis of data, the total of 187 drivers were investigated ambulance drivers in Gwangju Metropolitan City from 2002. 1. September to 2002. 20. September. The data were analyzed by the path analysis SPSS program. The result are as follows : 1. There was desirable attitude group(58.4%) and undesirable attitude group(41.7%) on safety ambulance driving. 2. It have suggested that rist factors of ambulance traffic accident much affected with emotion and speed control on safety ambulance driving(Y(Accident) = -2.00 + 0.6 X1(Emotion Control) + 0.4 $X_2$(Speed control) + E). 3. Almost 92.1% of respondents have agreed to necessity of emergency medical technics for ambulance drivers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.771-781
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify major drivers of Myanmar's long-term economic growth and draw implications to implement development policies. This study investigated Myanmar, as the country is the most recently opened economy in Southeast Asia. This study conducted simulation analysis based on scenarios by applying World Bank's Long-Term Growth Model, Penn World Table 9.1, and World Development Indicator data. This study makes extensive use of LTGM and the LTGM-TFP extension to improve the validity of models for data calibration. This study confirms the validity of the model with data calibration and specifies scenarios for simulation analyses by setting the growth trajectory of Vietnam due to common geographical, political, and economic conditions. Main findings include that Myanmar's economic growth rate will continue to fall below 3% in 2040 without proper improvement of growth drivers. The results of this study also provide that total factor productivity growth and female labor participation are key factors for Myanmar's long-term economic growth. This study advises policymakers in Myanmar to strengthen human capital, which is crucial for total factor productivity growth in Myanmar's context and directly affects economic growth. Further, labor market policies to promote female labor participation is important to sustain economic growth.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 2009

New equipment that is useful for driving is developing every day. Navigation is one of the most popular equipment among them. Telematics market including navigation is getting bigger and bigger. However, traffic accident from using telematics equipment is also increasing. Drivers may lose glance using navigation, and driver's workload will also grow by driver's distraction. This thesis is base on the study about the influence on the drivers' workload by using the telematics equipment. Previous study of drivers' workload used psychological method and behavior test method, but it was less connection with telematics equipment. The main object of this thesis is measuring the workload according to the telematics usage by HMI (Human Machine Interface) in the virtual reality. Therefore, we developed GPS simulator, and made an experiment of whether using the navigation or not on the highway and an experiment of the location of navigation in downtown. The result of these experiments is that workload when driver used navigation was higher than when driver didn't use navigation. In addition, workload was different according to the location, and HUD (Head-Up Display) was especially higher than other locations but also its information delivery ability was the best.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.543-549
• /
• 2020

Background: The working conditions of bus drivers are difficult; they lead to occupational diseases and require careful study, particularly in Ukraine. The objective of the article is the description of occupational health risks of passenger bus drivers that lead to deteriorating health. Methods: The risk assessment was performed using a modified Risk Score method, which allowed determining the generalized level of danger to the driver's health. The hygienic hazards level was assessed as based on Stevenson's law, which was generalized later. Results: Based on the modification of the Risk Score method, it was possible to depart from expert assessments method of the risk level and calculate the general indicator based on the degree of dependence of the impact on the human body on its intensity, proposed by V. Minko. This allows objective determining of the impact of hygiene hazards on the health of the driver and to predict the occurrence of occupational diseases associated with the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, and partial or complete disability due to the accumulation of emotional fatigue. The hazard assessment was carried out for three brands of passenger buses common in Ukraine, in which the driver is exposed to the dangers of fever, vibration, noise, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, and emotional load. Conclusion: The health of drivers in the cabins of passenger buses is most affected by hygiene hazards: fever, vibration, and emotional stress. The generalized level of risk is calculated by the modified method of Risk Score is 0.83; -0.99, -0.92 respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2009

This research analyzed the changes of drivers' visual workload with beta wave of bionic signals from brain's occipital lobe from entrance to exit section of the Yuksimnyeong tunnel which is 3.1km long in Daejeon-Tongyeong section of Jungbu expressway. There are 10 subjects who Participate our experiments and the results are as follows. First. the drivers' visual workload is higher about 41% in entrance section of the tunnel than 200m in advance of the section of the tunnel. Second, it is higher than 200m in advance of the section of the tunnel by 34.5% that the value of the drivers' visual workload who is driving in the tunnel. Third, as a result of analyzing the tunnel into 200m unit section, it is statistically different from other sections' at the 1.0km and 2.4km section from the entrance of the tunnel. If drivers sustain average visual workload for safe driving in very long tunnel, it's not desirable environment that drivers' visual workload goes under the average workload. Therefore, it would be the section where drivers who is driving in tunnel could cause a traffic accident.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2013

The reasons of traffic accidents can be classified into the vehicle, road environment and human factors. In development of vehicle and road technologies, the human factor is the most important. The emotion research recently carried out showed that emotions play an important role in human judgment and decision making. They are also expected to partly determine driving behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of drivers' emotions on their driving behavior. The results of this study showed that positive emotions do not affect driving behavior. As for negative emotions, however, safe driving(SD) and comfort driving(CD) factors have a negative correlation, and violence driving(VD) and regulation violation(RO) factors have a positive correlation. This study is significant as a basic study for establishing and determining a policy for reducing traffic accidents and for educating drivers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2008

When the drivers try to read an information on road signs, they can reach their destinations successfully. In this situation, human factors, road signs and geometric condition regarded as the most important factors for a safe driving should be a well-balanced relationship mutually. This research aims to prove the factors obstructing a safe driving, while drivers try to read an information on road signs for the next destination. For this sake, driving simulator was used and human factors, road signs etc. were considered in this experiment. The statistical analysis indicated what factors disturb a safe driving. The probability function using a Logistic Model was presented in this study. This result and experience will be used as a basic data in designing better road signs.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.603-608
• /
• 2006

As an important and relatively easy to implement technology for realizing Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS), Adaptive Cruise Control(ACC) automatically adjusts vehicle speed and distance to a preceding vehicle, thus enhancing driver comfort and safety. One of the key issues associated with ACC development is usability and user acceptance. Control parameters in ACC should be optimized in such a way that the system does not conflict with driving behavior of the driver and further that the driver feels comfortable with ACC. A driving simulator is a comprehensive research tool that can be applied to various human factor studies and vehicle system development in a safe and controlled environment. This study investigated driving behavior with ACC for drivers with different driving styles using the driving simulator. The ACC simulation system was implemented on the simulator and its performance was evaluated first. The Driving Style Questionnaire(DSQ) was used to classify the driving styles of the drivers in the simulator experiment. The experiment results show that, when driving with ACC, preferred headway-time was 1.5 seconds regardless of the driving styles, implying consistency in driving speed and safe distance. However, the lane keeping ability reduced, showing the larger deviation in vehicle lateral position and larger head and eye movement. It is suggested that integration of ACC and lateral control can enhance driver safety and comfort even further.