• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.421-424
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• 2006

This study, in order for perceiving the mechanical attribute followed by the explosive spalling of high strength concrete material under high temperature and evaluating capacity of endurance of material, targets understanding capacity of endurance of material such as explosive spalling in high temperature, temperature by thickness of clothing, transformation extent, transformation speed and displacement, stocking the maximum load based on the Allowable Stress Design Method. As a result of experimenting the explosive spalling attribute of high strength concrete material, the one possibly causing serious damage is the 50 MPa concrete. In all aspects of 60 MPa concrete, explosive spalling happens. Especially, it is hazardous enough to reveal all the iron bar. All explosive spalling is intensively concentrated on the surface of concrete for the first $5{\sim}25$ minutes, which urges for the explosive spalling protection action. As a result of evaluating the structural safety by the transformation of high strength concrete, while beam assures the fire safety meeting regulation, 60 MPa shows the dramatic increase of transformation, which only counts 84% of safety. In a column, both the concrete exclusion and excessive explosive spalling are concentrated upper part of column, which brings about the dramatic transformation, so it only meets the 50% of safety regulation. Likewise, in 80, 100 MPa concrete which was never experimented considering the condition of domestic structural endurance stocking devices, the faster collapse is expected.

• 고전문학과교육
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• 제33호
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• pp.185-210
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• 2016

이 연구는 잡극 <심청왕후전>과 시나리오 <효녀 심청전>을 대상으로 하여 근대 시기에 최초로 이루어진 <심청전>의 극적 변용 양상을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이 두 작품에서 드러나는 개작 의식과 변용의 방향을 분석함으로써 1900년대 당시 <심청전> 향유의 기반을 알 수 있었다. 잡극과 영화시나리오로 만들어진 판소리문학 <심청전>은 근대라는 새로운 문화적 요구에 부응하면서 대중적 향유가 가능한 작품으로 만들고자 한 시도라 할 수 있다. 잡극 <심청왕후전>에서는 기존의 <심청전>에 대해 서사 전개의 논리적 인과성을 강화하고, 해학성은 약화하면서 초현실성은 부각하며, 노래를 통해 극적 표현을 시도하였다. 시나리오 <효녀 심청전>은 기존 <심청전>에는 없던 새로운 서사를 삽입하여 인물을 재창조하고, 이를 통해 해학성과 비극적 애상감이라는 양방향을 동시에 구현하고자 하였으며, 시간과 사건을 재배치하여 새로움을 추구하였다. 잡극 <심청왕후전>과 시나리오 <효녀 심청전>은 <심청전> 전승사에 있어서 최초의 극 양식으로의 변용과 시나리오로의 변용이라는 의의를 지니고 있다. 이들 작품은 판소리문학 <심청전>이 근대라는 새로운 문화에 적응한 모습을 보여주며, 시대를 달리하면서도 어떤 가치를 인정받고 지속적으로 향유되었는지를 말해준다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.851-858
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• 2009

In the last decades, there has been much interest in climate variability because its change has dramatic effects on humanity. Especially, the precipitation data are measured over space and their spatial association is so complicated. So we should take into account such a spatial dependency structure while analyzing the data. However, in linear models for analyzing the data, data sets show severely skewed distribution. In the paper, we consider the Box-Cox transformation to satisfy the normal distribution prior to the analysis, and employ a Bayesian hierarchical framework to investigate the spatial patterns. The data set we considered is monthly average precipitation of the third quarter of 2007 obtained from 347 automated monitoring stations in Contiguous South Korea.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2021

본 연구는 뮤지컬 노래에 사용된 음악 형식인 Verse-Chorus 형식의 변용과 특징을 고찰하기 위함이다. 뮤지컬 노래의 음악 형식은 인물의 극적 상황을 관객에게 효과적으로 전달하기 위한 구조적 표현 기제이다. 연구를 위해 Verse-Chorus 형식과 변용을 탐구할 수 있는 대표적인 형식을 4개의 유형으로 나누고 각각의 특징을 살펴보았다. 첫째, 뮤지컬 초기의 단순한 상황과 인물을 설명하는 반복 형식인 Verse-Chorus 형식, 둘째, 단순한 인물을 설명하면서도 Bridge의 약간의 변형을 통해 분위기를 환기시키고 지루함을 탈피하기 위해 사용된 Verse-Bridge-Verse 형식, 셋째, Chorus 직전에 위치하여 Verse와 Chorus를 연결하고 드라마와 화성적 진행을 매끄럽게 하여 인물의 정서적 상승을 도모하는 Verse-Prechorus-Chorus 형식(Verse-Prechorus-Chorus Form), 마지막으로 인물의 복잡한 심경에 대한 갈등과 그에 대한 결정이 공존하는 상황을 나타내기 위해 사용된 확장된 Verse-BG대사-Chorus 형식에 대해 고찰하였다. 이처럼 뮤지컬 노래는 다양한 형태의 Verse-Chorus 형식이 사용되고 있다. Verse-Chorus의 형식성과 변용은 음악과 드라마 전개가 불균형의 상태가 되지 않는 음악의 논리와 극의 논리가 균형 상태를 이루게 한다. 본 연구를 토대로 뮤지컬 노래 형식 변용에서 나아가 음악 형식과 극 구조의 상관성에 대한 발전적인 연구가 이어지길 기대한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.175-191
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• 2016

This paper investigates changing processes of new product development (NPD) systems. In order to continuously develop first-class products, world wide super-class products and hit products, R&D (Research & Development) must be competitive. Firms must achieve competitiveness in terms of quality and cost by launching new products. Most films focus on improving effectiveness and efficiency of NPD process. However, sometimes, they face to the critical challenge of transforming NPD processes entirely reflecting dramatic change of their core products. Transforming of NPD process is difficult in that it involves technological and organizational changes in marketing, R&D, Engineering and manufacturing systems. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on processes and factors affecting successful transformation of new product development systems. We present a case study on the changing processes of S company's NPD process. S company has changed new product development systems successfully from a major IT equipment supplier to an automotive supplier. Empirical results show successful changes of 10 core NPD processes from understanding the market and customers process to after sales process. In case of transformation of NPD, adaption of attribute of business is crucial for success factors in the process innovation. This paper shows the bridging the gap between IT and automotive industrial dynamics and growth through adaption of two processes in the NPD.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

The era of globalization has ushered in dramatic changes in the past decade covering a wide range of distinct political, economic and cultural trends whereby people adapt their houses to suit their needs and desires. This paper discusses the process of change analytically, emphasizing the importance of understanding the transformation of Lao traditional houses and its impact factors to the transformation and adaptation to suit with globalization trend, and conservation of the characteristics of traditional houses. This study takes place in Luangprabang, an ancient city of Lao PDR, which was designated as a world heritage city in 1995 as it is rich with diverse, tangible and intangible values. Five cases of traditional house in Luangprabang are examined to understand their transformation through time, by analyzing the basic spatial formation, components and elements, especially to find out the impact factors to such transformation. The study revealed that the transformation of the traditional house is subject to not just one single factor, but to a number of factors, where globalization, regulation, economy, and social aspect factors play a prime role and are the root for all these changes. The case study also indicates that these changes are connected to the benefits of income generation as a survival strategy for the low and middle-income people in Luangprabang as well as the housing demands. In the transition period a new residential type appeared accordingly, in which living spaces were categorized according to their general functions. There was a harmony between people's needs and the physical characteristics of the house.

• 영미문화
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2010

By taking the form of a fictional autobiography, a Japanese American woman writer Lydia Minatoya tries to solve the inexpressible confliction which Japanese Americans experience in their living in America. In her first published fiction, Talking to High Monks in the Snow, the writer faithfully tries to follow the Japanese I-story tradition where meandering of personal petit histories and frequent self-pities are constructed without solid action, characters and plot. Here appear many accidental others whom function as significant yet fleeting subalterns. In contrast, in the second fiction, The Strangeness of Beauty published seven years later, the I-narratives undergoes some drastic transformations by authorial intrusion, dramatic and haiku styles, and appearances of actorial agents. Just working as an invisible yet important stagehand (kuroko in Japanese) behind the stage of life, the author now handles her own self-inquiry through more controllable distance and maturity as directors or photographers often do. However, despite achieving dramatic actions and artistic elegance mainly thanks to her adoption of western masterpieces's grand narratives, Minatoya seems to stop in the midway in her tallying work of fiction with fact by delaying the larger imaginable conflict through which the temporarily gained autonomy can be turned into a disaster anytime. Nonetheless, the reader feels relieved and encouraged after recognizing the fragile Asian female self's transformation as a new, flexible and autonomous self by her unwavering contact with two contrasting cultures and providing silent minority female characters with gradually stronger and uncannier voices.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyse the inclinations and expressions in contemporary architecture. Specially, we call this tendency and architectural movements as architectural metamorphosis. Metamorphosis in architecture present the core of the change of Forms and spirits in a change of outward shape and terrestrial identity. As in Ovid's extended dramatic poem of change and transformation, Metamorphoses, all Souls are deathless, and migrates from one form to another. Like these stories in Metamorphoses, Ovid tells the soul never dies, but leaps one form to anther, and can take any shape. So the architectural form, transformation and deformation in contemporary architecture means architectural sensations and cognitions can even approach the soul of form and shape under the transformation. The expressions and design strategies of metamorphosis in comtemporary architecture reveal continuous and sequential formations of space, linear structure with force and vector, rhythmical wavement and folding surface, lively wiggly flows of volumns and objects, and so on. Such qualities came from the periodical needs; separation of structure and surface, poly-surfacial movement, poly-sensual expression and experience, dematerialization and the dematerialized space, formless of non-formal architecture, digital architecture. Architecture of Metamorphosis is the ways and the needs of our period to overcome the static limits prohibits the liberal thoughts, to find the ways toward the opportunities and diversities and to unlock the imaginaire of the contemporary architecture.

• 복식
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to define the moaning and features of humor in modern fashion. by examining how it's being grafted into fashion, based on artistic expression including collage, assemblage, photo montage, graffiti, transformation, distortion, exaggeration and optical illusion. Beside. humor of fashion is to examine not only laugh and fun but also formative expression and creativity. Furthermore, it is to enlarge the range of conception for future fashion. The findings of this study could be described as below: The features of humorous fashion by collage and assemblage boiled down to unexpectedness, disharmony and creativity. The photo montage was marked by popularity, reproduction and recreativity, and graffiti was characterized by attention, simpleness, and amusement. And there were unexpectedness, creativity and strangeness in transformation, distortion, magnification and optical illusion. The meaning of humorous fashion that carries such features could eventually be summarized into the followings : First, the fashion, from which collage, assemblage, photo montage. graffiti, transformation, distortion, magnification and optical illusion were detected. could be sorted out into several categories that used different things : introduction of objects of different nature, dramatic impression and wit based on photo montage technique, introduction of comic components and infant image, and destruction of aesthetic principles. Second, the substance of humor in art could be applied to fashion design as well as visual art. Humor is a property related to accidental, unexpected incident, behavior, situation or idea, and it puts laugh, disharmony or awkwardness in fashion. Third, spicing fashion with humor could serve to draw people's attention, break down the barrier among people exposed to dry sentiment, and connect the public with art.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제44권
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• pp.315-342
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• 2016

극 장르에 속하면서 동시에 음악 장르인 뮤지컬에 대한 일반적인 오해는 뮤지컬에서는 음악이 극에 봉사한다고 생각하는 것이다. 즉 극전개를 위한 서술적인 에피소드들의 연속이 존재하고, 음악은 각 에피소드에 부합하는 분위기를 창출한다는 것이다. 이 경우, 음악은 극에 종속되는 부차적인 요소가 된다. 뮤지컬에 대한 우리의 입장은 음악적 구성이 극의 전개와 긴밀히 결합되어 있으며, 보다 정확히 말한다면 음악적 전개에 의해 극이 진행된다는 것이다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 입장을 뮤지컬 역사상 가장 성공적이었던 작품 중 하나인 "레미제라블"을 통해서 입증해보고자 한다. 소설 "레미제라블"의 뮤지컬로의 각색은 단지 소설을 에피소드의 연속으로 축약하는 것이 아니다. 소설을 극화는 뮤지컬 창작자들이 원작 속에서 무엇을 극적 행위로 추출하는가를 관찰하게 한다. 그리고 우리는 뮤지컬 창작자들의 해석이 그들의 음악적 구성 속에 어떻게 반영되는가에 관심을 기울인다. 본 논문은 뮤지컬 "레미제라블"을 이루는 40편의 노래들의 음악적 구성을 분석하여 도표로 제시하였다. 이 도표는 작품에 사용된 음악적 모티브들의 반복을 시각화함으로써 음악적 구성과 극적 전개의 관계를 설명한다. "레미제라블"을 관통하는 주제는 장 발장이라는 인물의 변모이다. 그의 변모는 도둑으로부터 예수로 변모하는 과정이며, 죄인임을 부정하는 단계에서 죄인임을 고백하는 단계로의 변모이다. 비참, 사랑, 이름이라는 테마를 중심으로 장 발장의 변모라는 극적행위가 음악적으로 구축되는 방식을 고찰하였다. 본 논문은 극의 갈등을 구성하는 대립항으로서 장 발장과 자베르의 관계, 장 발장과 테나르디에의 관계가 음악적으로 구성되는 방식을 설명하였다. 뮤지컬 "레미제라블"의 성공은 원작에 대한 심도있는 해석을 성공적으로 음악적 구성으로 구현했기 때문이다.