• 생약학회지
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• 제35권3호통권138호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2004

The ameliorating effect of the MeOH extract of the root of Platycodon grandiflorum on the ethanol-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice was investigated. The total MeOH extract was devided into two fractions, saponin rich fraction and non-saponin fraction. The mice with repeated administration of the total MeOH extract and those with saponin rich fraction both showed a markedly prolongεd latency time upon the step-through test (passive avoidance performance) performed after acute ethanol intoxication, while those with non-saponin rich fraction did not. The results suggest that the extracts from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum exert a beneficial effect on ethanol-induced memory impairment in mice and also suggest that these effects of the extracts might be ascribed to the saponin constituents.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.113.3-114
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• 2003

The increased deposition of extracellular matrix by hepatic stellate cells following liver injury in a process known as activation is considered a key mechanism for increased collagen content of liver during the development of liver fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of an aqueous extract from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC (Campanulaceae), Changkil (CK), on hepatic fibrosis in hepatic stellate cells. We report that CK reduces the accumulation of collagen in acetaldehyde-induced hepatic stellate cells. (omitted)

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Molecular and Cellular Response to Toxic Substances
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• pp.133-133
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• 2002

Platycodi Radix, the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, commonly known as Doraji, is used as a traditional oriental medicine. Extracts from the roots of P. grandiflorum have been reported to have wide ranging health benefits. In Korea, the root of P. grandiflorum is used as a food and employed as a folk remedy for adult diseases.(omitted)

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.146-150
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• 2001

The candy was prepared from starch syrup and sugar added with puree, extract and powder of Doraji, respectively. When three times extracted with 95% ethanol for 12 hours at $25^{\circ}C$ and 4 hours at 51$^{\circ}C$ and 78$^{\circ}C$, the extract contents were 22.6%, 25.8% and 25.3%, respectively. L-value of candy which was made of puree and extract of Doraji was lower than that of control. As the content of puree and extract of Doraji is increased, L-value was decreased. In case of added with puree, extract and powder, a and b-values were higher than those of control. Quality of the candy in sensory evaluation was the best when 20% of puree, 2% of extract and 5% of powder were added to the starch syrup and sugar, respectively. The result of preference test with various model, Bokjumony (Korea traditional purse) was the best in eye freel and ellipse was the best in mouth feel. The calories of candy were 2999.6 ㎉/100g in puree 20%, 358.3 ㎉/100g in extract 2% and 352.1 ㎉/100g in powder 5%.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.422-427
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• 2013

본 연구는 다양한 생리활성을 지닌 도라지의 활용성을 증가 및 다양화시키기 위해 증숙을 통하여 흑도라지를 제조하고 품질특성을 측정하였다. 일반성분 중 수분함량은 흑도라지가 73.96%로 도라지에 비해 함량이 낮았으며, 조회분, 조지방 및 조단백질의 함량은 생도라지와 흑도라지의 함량이 유사하여 큰 변화는 보이지 않았다. 반면 흑도라지의 조섬유 함량은 생도라지에 비해 감소하였으며, 반면 탄수화물의 양은 증가하였다. 또한 유리당 및 유기산은 흑도라지가 생도라지에 비해 매우 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 유리아미노산 함량은 생도라지와 흑도라지 모두 arginine이 대부분을 차지하였고, 구성아미노산은 glutamic acid의 함량이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 유리 및 구성 아미노산의 총 함량은 생도라지에 비해 흑도라지의 함량이 낮게 측정되었다. 도라지의 주요 무기질은 칼륨, 칼슘 및 마그네슘으로 나타났으며, 구리를 제외한 대부분의 무기질은 생도라지가 흑도라지에 비해 다소 많은 함량을 나타내었으나 그 차이는 크지 않았다. 조사포닌의 함량은 흑도라지가 생도라지에 비해 약 2배 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 흑도라지의 L, a 및 b 값은 생도라지에 비해 낮게 측정되어 증숙에 의한 갈변이 많이 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. Texture를 측정한 결과, hardness, chewiness 모두 흑도라지가 낮은 값을 나타냈다. 이상과 같이 흑도라지는 생도라지에 비해 영양성은 다소 감소하였지만 높은 사포닌 함량 및 유용성분 추출 용이성으로 기능성 식품소재로의 활용이 증가될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2011

The ameliorating effect of the saponin rich fraction (SRF) prepared from the roots extract of Platycodon grandiflorum (Campanulaceae) on the scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice were investigated by way of Moris water maze task. The mice with repeated oral administration of the SRF for four weeks showed markedly reduced the swimming time and swimming distance to reach the platform as well as the increase of number of crossing the platform on the Moris water maze task performed after scopolamine intoxication. The results suggest that SRF obtained from the roots extract of P. grandiflorum exert a cognitive enhancing effect on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.510-517
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• 2013

본 연구는 다양한 생리활성을 지닌 도라지를 이용하여 흑도라지를 제조하고 이들의 항산화 활성 및 항균 활성을 일반 도라지와 비교하여 측정하였다. 흑도라지는 도라지를 $60^{\circ}C$ 항온기에서 15일간 증숙한 후 $30^{\circ}C$ dry oven에서 3시간 건조하여 제조하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 흑도라지의 메탄올 추출물이 28.38 mg/g으로 가장 높았다. 흑도라지가 생도라지보다 폴리페놀 함량이 높았으며, 메탄올 추출물이 열수 추출물에 비해 더 높은 함량을 나타냈다. DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 흑도라지 메탄올 추출물이 가장 높은 소거능을 나타내었다. Hydroxyl 라디칼 소거능의 경우 $2000{\mu}g/mL$의 농도까지는 흑도라지의 메탄올 추출물이 소거능이 좋았으나, $8000{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서는 흑도라지 열수 추출물이 소거능이 가장 우수하였다. 도라지 추출물의 항균활성 결과는 균마다 약간의 차이는 있었으나, 흑도라지 열수 추출물이 일반 세균 2종을 포함하여, 기관지염 관련 미생물 3종에서도 가장 높은 항균 활성을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로 흑도라지는 생도라지에 비해 높은 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 및 항균 활성을 나타내어 기능성 식품 소재로서의 이용성이 매우 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2010

Platycodon grandiflorum, Doraji as Korean name, is one of the most widely used traditional oriental medicine for bronchial diseases and also used as a folk remedy for geriatric diseases and inflammatory diseases. In recent studies, it has been reported that some effect of P. grandiflorum is derived from its antioxidant activity, although there is still a lack of evidence to establish its oxy-radical scavenging activity. In this study, total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay was used to evaluate antioxidant activity of total extracts (T-PG), polysaccharide fraction (Po-PG), and saponin fraction (Sa-PG) isolated from P. grandiflorum against peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites. And MTT assay was taken to assess cyto-protective effects of T-PG, Po-PG and Sa-PG in H4IIE cells treated with hydrogen peroxide and tert-butylhydroperoxide. In the TOSC assay, Sa-PG showed strong oxy-radical scavenging capacity compared with T-PG and Po-PG. In cell-based assay, T-PG and Po-PG protected cells from oxidative stress, but Sa-PG did not protect cells because of cytotoxicity of Sa-PG. These results suggest that the saponin components of P. grandiflorum have relatively strong antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity in rat hepatoma cells.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2003

전통 한의학에서 많이 사용되는 길경(Platycodi radix)은 도라지(Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC)의 뿌리 껍질을 벗기거나 또는 그대로 말린 것을 말하며, 염증성 호흡기 질환에 많이 사용되어져 오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 길경 수용액 추출물의 항암 활성 기전해석의 일환으로 A549 인체 폐암세포의 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 길경 추출물의 처리에 의하여 처리 농도 의존적으로 암세포의 성장이 억제되었으며, 이는 apoptosis의 유발과 관련이 있었다. 즉 염색체 응축에 의한 apoptotic body의 출현과 sub-Gl기에 속하는 세포의 빈도가 길경 추출물 처리에 의하여 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. Immunoblot 및 RT-PCR분석에서 길경 추출물의 처리에 의하여 Bcl-2의 mRNA 및 단백질의 발현은 감소되었으며, Bax의 발현이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 길경 추출물의 처리에 의하여 caspase-3가 활성화되었으며, 이에 따른 PARP 및 $\beta$-catenin의 단백질 발현 감소 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 길경 추출물을 이용한 인체 암세포의 성장억제제의 개발 가능성이 있음을 시사하여 준다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2010

The capability of the solvents for extracting the bioactive saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (Campanulaceae) was investigated to obtain an ideal extract which contained bioactive saponins with high quality and high quantity. The content of eight representative saponins in extracts, such as deapioplatycoside E, platycoside E, platyconic acid A and platycodin D, platycodin $D_3$, platycodin $D_2$, polygalacin $D_2$, polygalacin D were analyzed simultaneousely by the modified HPLC analytical method. The validation test of the modified qualitative and quantitative analytical method employing the ELSD equipped HPLC for eight representative saponins in the roots extract of P. grandiflorum showed a good linearity, precision and accuracy. the correlation coefficient ($r^2$) values of the calbration curves for each saponins were observed to be over 0.9990. LOD and LOQ of each saponin was calculated as $0.10{\mu}g{\sim}0.40{\mu}g$ (LOD) and $0.40{\mu}g{\sim}0.80{\mu}g$ (LOQ), respectively. Recovery rates of each saponin were also calculated as over 98%, respectively. With exception of two saponins, platyconic acid A and platycodin D, The content of eight saponins in extracts was decreased proportionally to the increment of the water ratio of solvent for extraction. Consequently, as aquous alcohol was used as a solvent for extracting the saponin components from powdered roots of P. grandiflorum, the water content in the aquous alcohol was seemed to be a critical factor for extracting efficacy. The 60-80% ratio of alcohol in the aquous alcohol were deduced to be suitable and recommendable for the preparation of roots extract of P. grandiflorum which contained saponins with high quality and high quantity.