• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4C
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• pp.247-254
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• 2006

Online testing method is one of the numerical experiment methods using experimental information for a numerical analysis directly. The method has an advantage in that analysis can be conducted without using an idealized mechanical model, because mechanical properties are updated from element test for a numerical analysis in real time. The online testing method has mainly been used for the geotechnical seismic engineering, whose major target is sand. A testing method that may be applied to a consolidation problem has recently been developed and laboratory and field verifications have been tried. Although related research thus far has mainly used a method to update average reaction for a numerical analysis by positioning an element tests at the center of a consolidation layer, a weakness that accuracy of the analysis can be impaired as the thickness of the consolidation layer becomes more thicker has been pointed out regarding the method. To clarify the effectiveness and possible analysis scope of the online testing method in relation to the consolidation problem, we need to review the results by applying experiment conditions that may completely exclude such a factor. This research reviewed the results of the online consolidation test in terms of reproduction of the consolidation settlement and the dissipation of excess pore water pressure of a clay specimen by comparing the results of an online consolidation test and a separated-type consolidation test carried out under the same conditions. As a result, the online consolidation test reproduced the change of compressibility according effective stress of clay without a huge contradiction. In terms of the dissipation rate of excess pore water pressure, however, the online consolidation test was a little faster. In conclusion, experiment procedure needs to improve in a direction that hydraulic conductivity can be updated in real time so as to more precisely predict the dissipation of excess pore water pressure. Further research or improvement should be carried out with regard to the consolidation settlement after the end of the dissipation of excess pore water pressure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 1967

The fabrication of the barium titanate ceramic capcitors has been studied. The effects of the impurities for alumina and silica upon mechanical and electrical characteristics have been examined in detail. The preparation of equimolar titanium oxide and barium carbide in addition two percent of alumina and point two five perdcent of silica has shown the best results. This is fired up to thirteen hundred degrees Celsius with the rate of two hundred degrees Celsius per hour and soaked three hous at this temperature. The dielectric constant of this sample is approximately equal with the standard and theoretical values at room temperature. The insulation resitances of the most fabricated capacitors are in the order of twenty thousand megohms, the dielectric constant and the dissipation factor are almost flat up to just below of curie temperature, and the porosities of the most ceramics are less than point one percent and well close or equal to zero percent.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.481-485
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• 2001

We investigated the structural and electrical properties of the Ba ($Zr_{x}$ $T_{il-x}$ )$O_3$ (BZT thin films with a mole fraction of x=0.2 and thickness 150 nm for the application in MLCC (Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor). BZT films were prepared on $Pt/SiO_2$/Si substrate at various substrate temperatures by the RF-magnetron sputtering system. When the substrate temperature was above $500^{\circ}C$, we could obtain multi-crystalline BZT films oriented at (110), (111), and (200) directions. The crystallization of the film and high dielectric constant were observed with the increase of substrate temperature. Capacitance of the film deposited at high temperature is more sensitive to the applied voltage than that of the film deposited at low temperature. This paper reports surface morphology, dielectric constant, dissipation factor, and C-V characteristics for BZT films deposited at three different temperatures. The BZT film deposited at 40$0^{\circ}C$ shows stable electrical properties but a little small dielectric constant for MLCC application.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.147-155
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• 2005

This study was designed to investigate the effect of plant as a botanical air purification on the indoor pollution by formaldehyde. Three indoor plants such as Dracaena marhginata, Spathiphyllum and Dracaena reflexa, were placed in the artificially contaminated reactor under laboratory condition. Both plant and soil effects on removal of formaldehyde from contaminated indoor air were observed. Reductions in the formaldehyde levels appeared to have been associated with soil medium factors as well as plant factors. The effect of soil on formaldehyde reduction was high in the early stage of the experiment and the results suggest that sorption could be more important factor than microbial degradation in the initial dissipation of contaminants in the soil. It was suggested that the effect of plant on formaldehyde reduction might be related to the plant species, total leaf surface area of plant, degree of contribution of soil medium, and exposed concentration level. The results of this study showed that air purification using plants is an effective means of reduction on indoor formaldehyde level, though, utilization of soil media with high sorption capacity and/or supplementary purifying aids were also suggested when the source is continuous or exposed concentration level is high.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2009

Non-sintered Alumina films were fabricated via inkjet printing processes without a high temperature sintering process. The packing density of these inkjet-printed alumina films measured around 60%. Polymer resin was infiltrated thru these non-sintered films in order to fill out the 40% of voids constituting the rest of the inkjet-printed films. The concept of inkjet-printed Alumina-Resin hybrid materials was designed in order to be applicable to the ceramic package substrates for 3D-system module integration which may possibly substitute LTCC-based 3D module integration. So, the dielectric properties of these inkjet-printed $Al_2O_3$ hybridmaterialsareofourgreatinterest. We have measured dielectric constant and dissipation factor of the inkjet-printed $Al_2O_3$-resinhybridfilmsbyvaryingtheamountofresininfiltratedthruthe$Al_2O_3$films.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.10-10
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• 2009

Transparent BNO thin films were grown on Al-doped ZnO (AZO)/Ag/AZO/polyethersulfon (PES) (abbreviated as AAAP) transparent electrodes at a low temperature by the NCD technique. The BNO films grown on the crystallized AZO/Ag/AZO (AAA) electrodes exhibit an amorphous phase with a root mean square (rms) roughness of approximately 2 nm in the range of deposition temperature. The capacitors (Pt/BNO/AAAP) with BNO films grown at $100^{\circ}C$ show a dielectric constant of 24 and dissipation factor of 8% at 100 kHz, a leakage current density of about $8{\times}10^{-6}A/cm^2$ at an applied voltage of 1.0V. The optical transmittances of the BNO/AAAP exhibited above 80% at wavelength of 550nm at all of deposition temperature. The mechanical stability of the BNO/AAA as well as AAA electrode with the PES substrates through the bending was ensured for flexible electronic device applications. The transparent BNO capacitors grown on AAAP are powerful candidate for integration with the transparent solar cells.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.543-548
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• 2014

In this paper, the dielectric relaxation and reliability of high capacitance density metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors using $Al_2O_3-HfO_2-Al_2O_3$ and $SiO_2-HfO_2-SiO_2$ sandwiched structure under constant voltage stress (CVS) are characterized. These results indicate that although the multilayer MIM capacitor provides high capacitance density and low dissipation factor at room temperature, it induces greater dielectric relaxation level (in ppm). It is also shown that dielectric relaxation increases and leakage current decreases as functions of stress time under CVS, because of the charge trapping effect in the high-k dielectric.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.421-424
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• 2016

In order to evaluate the insulation deterioration in the stator windings of air-cooled gas turbine generators(119.2 MVA, 13.8 kV) which has been operating for more than 15 years, diagnostic test and AC dielectric breakdown test were performed on phases A, B and C. Diagnostic test included measurements of AC current, dissipation factor, partial discharge (PD) magnitude and capacitance. ${\Delta}I$ and ${\Delta}tan{\delta}$ in all three phases (A, B, and C) of generator stator windings showed that they were in good condition but PD magnitude indicated marginally serviceable condition. After the diagnostic test, an AC overvoltage test was performed by gradually increasing the voltage applied to the generator stator windings until electrical insulation failure occurred, in order to determine the breakdown voltage. Although phase A of generator stator windings failed at breakdown voltage of 29.0 kV, phases B and C endured the 29.0 kV. The breakdown voltage in all three phases was higher than that expected for good-quality windings (28.6 kV) in a 13.8 kV class generator.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1991.11a
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• pp.321-324
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• 1991

In this study, $(Sr{\cdot}Pb)TiO_3$ series ceramics which is used in high voltage were fabricated by the mixed oxide method, and the electrical conduction mechanism and D.C. breakdown voltage characteristics of the specimens in accordance with the contents of $Bi_2O_3{\cdot}3TiO_2$ were investigated. As a result, the leakage current was increased with the contents of $Bi_2O_3{\cdot}3TiO_2$ and the measuring temperature. At room temperature, the leakeage current was showed a tendency of saturating when D.C. electrical field of $l5{\sim}30$[kV/cm] was applied to the specimen. As a result of breakdown voltage characteristics. breakdown strength was decreased when the contents of $Bi_2O_3{\cdot}3TiO_2$ were increased. On the other hand, in the temperature region below $60[^{\circ}C]$, the electronic breakdown was occured, and in the temperature region from 60 to $200[^{\circ}C]$, the thermal breakdown was occured by the Joule heat and the dissipation factor.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.470-474
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• 2001

IGBT inverters have switching rise times of 0.2-2 $\mu$ sec, and have been believed to cause insulation stresses and premature motor failures. Inverter driven induction motors with high speed switching and advanced PWM techniques are widely used for variable speed applications. Recently, the insulation failures of stator winding have attracted many concerns due to high dv/dt of IGBT PWM inverter output. In this paper, the detailed insulation test results of 19 low-voltage induction motors are presented. Different types of insulation techniques are applied to 19 motors. The insulation characteristics are analyzed with partial discharge, discharge inception voltage, and dissipation factor tests. Also, breakdown tests by high voltage pulses are performed, and the corresponding breakdown voltages are obtained.