• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.425-434
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of gender discrimination consciousness, work-family conflict and facilitation, and turnover intention of married female hospital nurses. The participants included 101 married female nurses at hospitals in S city. Gender discrimination consciousness was higher, benevolent sexism was higher than hostile sexism. The nurses under 40, had one child and worked within 5 years had higher work-family conflict. Turnover intension was significantly higher when the nurses were under 40 (t=3.66, p<.001), had no children (F=5.76, p=.004), and were staff and charge nurses (F=5.86, p=.004). Hostile sexism had correlated to family-to work conflict and facilitation. Turnover intention had a positive correlation to work-to family conflict and family-to work conflict. Through this study, we were understand the relationship of gender discrimination consciousness, work-family conflict and facilitation, turnover intension of married female hospital nurses, and for work-family balance, it was found that more study is needed.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.43-56
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore male nurses' experiences of gender discrimination at the workplace using qualitative research methods. Methods: Participants responded to a survey using an online link, and were asked to describe their overall experiences by responding to the question "Please freely describe your experiences of workplace gender discrimination". The qualitative data collected from 118 participants were analyzed using Krippendorff's technique. Data collection was caried out from June 11, 2019, to August 3, 2020. Results: Eleven themes and 24 subthemes were extracted from a total of 277 meaningful statements. Male nurses' experiences of workplace gender discrimination, reasons of gender discrimination, and improvement strategies were presented through the key themes. Conclusion: Male nurses experienced workplace gender discrimination from patients, colleagues, and institutions. Furthermore, strategies to improve gender stereotypes and to emphasize the strengths of male nurses are necessary in order to increase the number of male nurses in the female-dominant nursing field and to reduce job turnover. These strategies will help expand the social role of nurses as professionals and improve the work environment and benefits for all nurses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.40-51
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• 2014

Owing to importance of document copyright the need to detect document duplication and plagiarism is increasing. Many studies have sought to meet such need, but there are difficulties in document duplication detection due to technological limitations with the processing of natural language. This thesis designs and implements a discriminator of similar documents with natural language processing technique. This system discriminates similar documents using morphological analysis, syntactic analysis, and weight on low frequency and idiom. To evaluate the system, we analyze the correlation between human discrimination and term-based discrimination, and between human discrimination and proposed discrimination. This analysis shows that the proposed discrimination needs improving. Future research should work to define the document type and improve the processing technique appropriate for each type.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2013

There has been an increase in the number of female doctors worldwide. Women now represent half of all medical students, with almost the same numbers of men and women becoming physicians. There is a pool of talented women in our midst, and it is our responsibility as leaders to find those individuals and groom them for progress. However, residency training and academic education still resemble the historical model when there were few women in medicine. Gender differences in medical specialty choices can cause a maldistribution of doctors by specialty and geographical area, which could cause significant problems at the national health care system level. Major challenges facing female physicians include gender discrimination and sexual harassment, and work/family conflicts. Women are largely under-represented in academic medicine and experience discrimination in the academic environments. Recent issues about related to the "feminization of medicine" raise important questions forabout how academic medicine deals with gender issues. To better accommodate the needs of female doctors and ensure that they will have successful careers, structural and cultural changes to medical educations are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.191-204
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• 2001

The purposes of this study are to find the general trends of patriarchal characteristics at workplace and to investigate the differences according to related variables. The concept of patriarchal characteristics at workplace is defined in terms of three aspects of work, human relation, and sexual harassment. The data were obtained through 880 employed women living in Chonbuk-Province. The major findings were as follows : 1) As to the aspects of work and human relation, it was found that employed women very highly experienced the inequality such as sexual division of labor, sex-discrimination, sexual segregation, and women degradation. 2) Over the 90% of respondents reported that they had experienced the victimization of sexual harassment at workplace at least once. 3) The work-related variables(the type of occupation, the size of workplace, the length of employed women's continuance service, the ratio of employed women at workplace) in the degree of patriarchal characteristics were more important then demographic variables(age, education, marriage status)

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the well-being of middle-aged non-shift female workers using health-determinant models. Methods: This study analyzed data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), involving 5,449 participants. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was employed to examine the relationships between various factors and well-being. Results: The analysis identified key factors affecting well-being in middle-aged female non-shift workers, including supervisor support, presenteeism, satisfaction with the working environment, autonomy in working hours, support from coworkers, workplace discrimination, occupation, work-life balance, sleep problems, workplace size, weekly work hours, and sickness absence. This study confirms that the well-being of middle-aged non-shift female workers is influenced by factors at the individual, social, and community levels as well as by conditions related to love. Conclusion: To enhance the well-being of middle-aged female non-shift workers, it is essential to reinforce positive factors such as support from coworkers and superiors. Additionally, addressing and mitigating negatively influencing factors such as workplace discrimination and sleep problems is crucial in promoting well-being. By implementing measures to improve these aspects, organizations and policymakers can contribute to a healthier and more supportive work environment for middle-aged, non-shift female workers.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.2403-2409
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• 2014

Absolute isotope ratio is a critical constituent in determination of atomic weight. To measure the absolute isotope ratio using a mass spectrometer, mass discrimination factor, $f_{MD}$, is needed to convert measured isotope ratio to real isotope ratio of gas molecules. If the $f_{MD}$ could be predicted, absolute isotope ratio of a chemical species would be measureable in absence of its enriched isotope pure materials or isotope references. This work employed gravimetrically prepared isotope mixtures of argon (Ar) to obtain $f_{MD}$ at m/z of 40 in the magnetic sector type gas mass spectrometer (gas/MS). Besides, we compare the nitrogen isotope ratio of nitrogen trifluoride ($NF_3$) with that of nitrogen molecule ($N_2$) decomposed from the same $NF_3$ thermally in order to identify the difference of $f_{MD}$ values in extensive m/z region from 28 to 71. Our result shows that $f_{MD}$ at m/z 40 was $-0.044%{\pm}0.017%$ (k = 1) from measurement of Ar artificial isotope mixtures. The $f_{MD}$ difference in the range of m/z from 28 to 71 is observed $-0.12%{\pm}0.14%$ from $NF_3$ and $N_2$. From combination of this work and reported $f_{MD}$ values by another team, IRMM, if $f_{MD}$ of $-0.16%{\pm}0.14%$ is applied to isotope ratio measurement from $N_2$ to $SF_6$, we can determine absolute isotope ratio within relative uncertainty of 0.2 %.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.499-505
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• 2022

Despite advances in medicine and preventive strategies, fewer than 1 in 5 people with hypertension have the problem under control. This could partly be due to gaps in fully elucidating the etiology of hypertension. Genetics and conventional lifestyle risk factors, such as the lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, excess salt intake, and alcohol consumption, do not fully explain the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, it is necessary to revisit other suggested risk factors that have not been paid due attention. One such factor is psychosocial stress. This paper explores the evidence for the association of psychosocial stressors with hypertension and shows that robust evidence supports the role of a chronic stressful environment at work or in marriage, low socioeconomic status, lack of social support, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, childhood psychological trauma, and racial discrimination in the development or progression of hypertension. Furthermore, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms that link psychosocial stress to hypertension are explained to address the ambiguity in this area and set the stage for further research.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.85-102
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• 1982

The current employment status among young home economists and perspectives in occupations for prospective Home Economics graduates were explored in this study which utilized information from 17 to 21 colleges in Korea and colleges in the United States during the five years of 1977∼1981. The Home Economics content areas covered in this study were Clothing and Textiles, Foods and Nutrition, Housing and Interior Design, and Child Development and Family Life. The highest percentage of Korean graduates in Clothing and Textiles was employed either as teachers at the junior high school level or as designers in the clothing and textile industries. Quite a number of the graduates were engaged in further studies at the graduate level. Korean graduates with a master's degree were teaching at the college level and some had furthered their studies at the doctorate level either here or abroad. Koreans with a bachelor's degree in Foods and Nutrition held jobs as teachers in junior high school, dieticians at mass feeding institutions and hospitals, food scientists in food industries, and researchers in institutions. Those with a master's degree were teaching at the college level. Americans with a bachelor's degree worked as dieticians, supervisors in restaurants and institutions, extension workers, researchers at various facilities, teachers and clerks. Americans with a master's or doctorate degree were engaged in teaching at colleges or supervising at research or working as extension specialists. In general, Korean graduates were found to hold positions in less varied areas than their American counter-parts. Among forty-nine graduates those working in their professional field reported less sex discrimination that those working in other fields. The major area of employment in Housing and Interior Design or Home Management graduates in Korea was teaching while in the United States it was extension work, business, governmental work and teaching. It was suggested that in the future, career development in Korea be further explored to include extension service, research, social welfare, financial planning, business, free-lancing, funeral home, home-call, and correctional education. Interviews with executives from 6 business enterprises indicated that most of them were aware of the potential contribution home economists could make for their companies but they expressed a negative attitude towards women in general due to their short stay on the job. Jobs held by Child Development and Family Life majors with a bachelor's degree in Korea were mostly teaching positions in public, junior and senior high school. However, jobs such as nursery school teaching, working in clinical setting, business, and teaching at public, junior and senior high school predominated in the United states. Most Korean graduates with a master's degree were teaching in professional colleges while in the United Stated the job variation among the graduates was rather evenly distributed among teaching at college level, public and high school, nursery school and administration areas. Reports from 7 child development majors on the job indicated that they were paid less that secretarial workers. Only half of them were working in their major area and these expressed satisfaction with their work. Two thirds of the respondents indicated no sex discrimination. It was suggested that in the future Child Development and Family Life majors pursue employment in counseling, guidance, recreation, mass media, administration and outreach work as well as education, research and parent education in services for children, teen-agers, adults and families.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.192-198
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• 2012

Objectives: Slip and fall accidents in the workplace are one of the top causes of work related fatalities and injuries. Previous studies have indicated that fall risk was related to postural and dynamic stability. However, the usage of this theoretical relationship was limited by laboratory based measuring instruments. The current study proposed a new method for stability assessment by use of inertial measurement units (IMUs). Methods: Accelerations at different body parts were recorded by the IMUs. Postural and local dynamic stability was assessed from these measures and compared with that computed from the traditional method. Results: The results demonstrated: 1) significant differences between fall prone and healthy groups in IMU assessed dynamic stability; and 2) better power of discrimination with multi stability index assessed by IMUs. Conclusion: The findings can be utilized in the design of a portable screening or monitoring tool for fall risk assessment in various industrial settings.