• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.259-270
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• 1998

본 연구는 산지의 수자원보전량 평가용 수문유출모형의 개발을 위한 중요한 기초연구로서 우리나라 주요 수종인 소나무와 상수리나무에 대한 수간류 및 수관통과우의 물수지식과 수문학적 특성을 밝히고자 수행하였다. 영남대학교 자연자원대학 부속 용성연습림과 영남대학교 교내 야산에 각각 수관통과우 및 수간류 관측용 야외 실험지를 설치하고, 1995년 9월에서 1998년 6월까지 약 2년 10개월 사이에 이 지역에 내린 다수의 단위강우에 대한 두 수종의 임내우 수량배분을 조사하였다. 그 결과 임외의 단위강우에 응답하는 두 수종의 수문학적 특성과 임내우 물수지식을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 소나무에 있어서 수관통과우와 수간류의 총량은 각각 임외우의 73.8%와 0.8%이였으며 상수리나무는 각각 임외우의 76.9%와 3.8%로 관측되었다. 2. 소나무에 있어서 임외우(Gp)에 대한 수간류(S$_{f}$)와 수관통과우(T$_{f}$)의 회귀식은 각각 S$_{f}$ = 0.01GP -2.05 ($r^2$=0.54) T$_{f}$ = 0.79Gp - 26.04 ($r^2$=0.92)로, 임내우(N$_{r}$)와는 N$_{r}$ = 0.81Gp - 28.09 (r2=0.92)로 추정하였다. 이와 같이 소나무에 있어서 수간류와 수관통과우는 임외우의 양에 정비례하여 증가하였다. 3. 상수리나무에 있어서 임외우(Gp)에 대한 수간류(S$_{f}$)와 수관통과우(T$_{f}$)의 회귀식은 각각 S$_{f}$ = 0.03Gp + 12.25 ($r^2$=0.74) T$_{f}$ = 0.78Gp + 19.75 ($r^2$=0.96)로, 임내우(N$_{r}$)와는 N$_{r}$ = 0.81Gp + 31.99 ($r^2$=0.96)로 구해졌는데 소나무보다 상수리나무에 있어서 수간류와 수관통과우의 증가폭이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 4. 수간류 및 수관통과우와 그 영향인자로 평가된 수관투영면적(CA). 흉고직경(DBH), 임외우량(Gp)과의 내부상관분석을 한 결과, 소나무 수간류에는 임외우＞수관투영면적＞흉고직경의 순으로, 상수리나무 수간류에는 임외우＞흉고직경＞수관투영면적의 순으로 상관계수 값이 높았다. 그리고 소나무와 상수리나무의 수관통과우는 임외우＞수관투영면적＞흉고직경의 순으로 상관계수 값이 높았다.상관계수 값이 높았다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.501-510
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• 2015

본 연구는 수삽을 이용한 'Fuji' 사과나무의 발아 특성 관찰을 통해 자연상태에서의 내재휴면 개시 및 타파 시점을 찾고, 이에 필요한 저온요구도를 파악하고자 하였다. 또한, 동시에 휴면과 발아와의 관계를 좀 더 명확히 하고자 내부적인 눈의 발달 양상을 관찰하여 휴면과 저온 및 눈 발달간의 상호연관성을 파악하여 기후변화에 따른 변화들을 예상하고 대처하는데 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 'Fuji' 사과나무의 내재휴면 기간은 발아 소요 일수 및 발아율 조사를 통해 만개 후 165일부터 255일 사이 즉, 10월말부터 이듬해 1월 초까지 약 70일 정도 지속됨을 알 수 있었으며, 최초 발아까지 20일 이내, 최종 발아율 60% 이상을 기준으로 외재휴면에서 내재휴면으로, 다시 내재휴면에서 환경휴면으로 전환되는 시점을 찾을 수 있었다. 이렇게 도출된 내재휴면기 동안 요구되는 저온을 산출한 결과, 내재 휴면타파기인 만개 후 255일까지 축적된 저온은 CH 모델의 경우 666h, Utah 모델은 517CU으로 조사되었다. 휴면기 및 휴면타파기 동안 눈의 내부적인 변화를 관찰한 결과, 7월 중순경부터 꽃눈분화가 시작되었으며, 9월에는 중심화의 화원기의 구분이 가능하였다. 이후 꽃눈의 발달은 휴면 기간 동안에도 느리지만 지속적으로 진행되어 이듬해 2월에는 각 기관들의 발육 단계가 좀 더 진전되어 있음이 관찰되었다. 또한 'Fuji' 사과의 눈은 휴면 기간 동안 대부분 건전하게 생존해 있었지만 일부에서 화원기의 괴사현상이 발견되었고, 이는 저온에 의한 직접적인 영향이기보다는 얼음결정 형성으로 인해 일부 조직의 세포가 피해를 입고, 이로부터 괴사가 진행되고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 꽃눈은 과대지의 액아와 단과지의 정아에서 모두 형성되었으나, 전체 꽃눈 중 약 65%의 비율로 단과지의 정아에서 더 많은 꽃눈이 분화되고 있었으며, 이는 눈의 크기 및 눈이 위치한 가지의 직경과 직접적인 연관이 있었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.346-352
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• 2013

본 연구는 다이오드레이저가 골관절염에 주는 영향을 평가하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구에는 10주령의 수컷 Sprague-Dawley 랫드 60마리를 사용하였고 전십자인대의 절단 (ACLT)으로 골관절염을 유발하였다. 대조군, sham군, ACLT군, ACLT와 레이저조사를 병행한 군 (ACLT+L), ACLT와 meloxicam 투약을 병행한 군 (ACLT+M)의 다섯 개의 실험군으로 나누어 연구를 진행하였다. 8주간의 연구 기간 동안 808-nm indium-gallium-arsenide (InGaAs) 다이오드레이저 조사 방법으로 Low-level laser therapy (LLLT)를 일주일에 두 번 랫드의 수술 한 오른쪽 다리에 조사하였다. 수술 후 2주, 4주, 8주에 방사선학적, 형태학적, 조직병리학적 평가를 실시하였다. 8주에 실시한 방사선학적 평가와 일반 혈액검사, 혈청 화학 검사에서는 군 간의 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 형택학적 방법과 조직병리학적 방법으로 수술 후 2주, 4주, 8주의 ACLT+L 군과 sham 군을 비교 했을 때 ACLT+L 군에서 유의하게 연골의 손상정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. ACLT+M 군 또한 sham 군과 비교했을 때 연골의 손상이 심한 것으로 나타났다. LLLT는 ACLT 모델에서 골관절염을 예방하는 효과는 제한적이었으며, 오히려 연골의 손상을 가속화 시키는 것으로 평가 되었다. LLLT가 세포의 생존에는 영향을 주지 않으므로 레이져에 의한 직접적인 연골손상 발생보다는 레이저의 통증완화효과로 인해 불안정한 무릎관절을 계속해서 사용함으로써 연골의 손상이 가속화 된 것으로 생각 된다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.95-126
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• 2009

One of the controversial issues in investor-state investment arbitration is the interpretation of "umbrella clause" that is found in most BIT and FTAs. This treaty clause requires on Contracting State of treaty to observe all investment obligations entered into with foreign investors from the other Contracting State. This clause did not receive in-depth attention until SGS v. Pakistan and SGS v. Philippines cases produced starkly different conclusions on the relations about treaty-based jurisdiction and contract-based jurisdiction. More recent decisions by other arbitral tribunals continue to show different approaches in their interpretation of umbrella clauses. Following the SGS v. Philippines decision, some recent decisions understand that all contracts are covered by umbrella clause, for example, in Siemens A.G. v. Argentina, LG&E Energy Corp. v. Argentina, Sempra Energy Int'l v. Argentina and Enron Corp. V. Argentina. However, other recent decisions have found a different approach that only certain kinds of public contracts are covered by umbrella clauses, for example, in El Paso Energy Int'l Co. v. Argentina, Pan American Energy LLC v. Argentina and CMS Gas Transmission Co. v. Argentina. With relation to the exhaustion of domestic remedies, most of tribunals have the position that the contractual remedy should not affect the jurisdiction of BIT tribunal. Even some tribunals considered that there is no need to exhaust contract remedies before bringing BIT arbitration, provoking suspicion of the validity of sanctity of contract in front of treaty obligation. The decision of the Annulment Committee In CMS case in 2007 was an extraordinarily surprising one and poured oil on the debate. The Committee composed of the three respected international lawyers, Gilbert Guillaume and Nabil Elaraby, both from the ICJ, and professor James Crawford, the Rapportuer of the International Law Commission on the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, observed that the arbitral tribunal made critical errors of law, however, noting that it has limited power to review and overturn the award. The position of the Committee was a direct attack on ICSID system showing as an internal recognition of ICSID itself that the current system of investor-state arbitration is problematic. States are coming to limit the scope of umbrella clauses. For example, the 2004 U.S. Model BIT detailed definition of the type of contracts for which breach of contract claims may be submitted to arbitration, to increase certainty and predictability. Latin American countries, in particular, Argentina, are feeling collectively victims of these pro-investor interpretations of the ICSID tribunals. In fact, BIT between developed and developing countries are negotiated to protect foreign investment from developing countries. This general characteristic of BIT reflects naturally on the provisions making them extremely protective for foreign investors. Naturally, developing countries seek to interpret restrictively BIT provisions, whereas developed countries try to interpret more expansively. As most of cases arising out of alleged violation of BIT are administered in the ICSID, a forum under the auspices of the World Bank, these Latin American countries have been raising the legitimacy deficit of the ICSID. The Argentine cases have been provoking many legal issues of international law, predicting crisis almost coming in actual investor-state arbitration system. Some Latin American countries, such as Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Argentina, already showed their dissatisfaction with the ICSID system considering withdrawing from it to minimize the eventual investor-state dispute. Thus the disagreement over umbrella clauses in their interpretation is becoming interpreted as an historical reflection on the continued tension between developing and developed countries on foreign investment. There is an academic and political discussion on the possible return of the Calvo Doctrine in Latin America. The paper will comment on these problems related to the interpretation of umbrella clause. The paper analyses ICSID cases involving principally Latin American countries to identify the critical legal issues arising between developing and developed countries. And the paper discusses alternatives in improving actual investor-State investment arbitration; inter alia, the introduction of an appellate system and treaty interpretation rules.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.193-202
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• 2010

더덕 70% 에탄올 추출물(CL) 및 그 분획물들(헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올 그리고 물)의 in vitro 항산화 효과는 총 페놀 함량, 환원력, ABTS, DPPH 및 ORAC 분석법들로 실험하였다. 더덕 70% 에탄올 추출물의 에틸아세테이트 분획물(CLEA)은 가장 높은 총 페놀 함량을 보여 주었고 그 함량은 22.7 mg/g이었으며, CLEA는 $250\sim1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 0.42~1.27로 뛰어난 환원력을 가지고 있었다. $100\sim400\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 CLEA는 27.7~70.3의 ABTS radical 소거작용을 보여주었으며, $400\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 81.6%로 가장 높은 DPPH radical 소거활성을 나타내었다. CLEA는 가장 높은 $ORAC_{{ROO}{\cdot}}$ 활성을 가졌고, CLEA와 부탄올 분획물은 70% 에탄올, 헥산, 클로로포롬 그리고 물 분획물보다 현저하게 높은 $ORAC_{{ROO}{\cdot}}$ 활성을 나타내었다. CLEA는 CL 70% 에탄올 추출물과 그 분획물들 중 가장 높은 항산화효과를 가지고 있었다. 따라서 고지방식이에 의해 산화적 스트레스가 유발된 동물 모델에 CLEA를 섭취시켰을 때 항산화 유전자 발현 변화를 microarray와 RT-PCR 기법으로 알아보았다. 31개의 항산화 유전자가 발현되었으나 CLEA 섭취에 의해 2배 이상 발현 증가를 보인 항산화 유전자는 없었다. 결론적으로 CLEA는 직접적인 항산화 효과는 있으나 고지방식 이에 의해 유도된 비만 마우스 내에서 항산화 유전자 발현 증가에 의한 간접적인 항산화 효과는 없었다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2011

In an attempt to cope with widespread, dynamic, and accelerating changes in both internal and external business environments, companies often utilize information technologies such as SCM(Supply Chain Management). To date, SCM research has mainly focused on the effects of dynamic factors on SCM success and emphasized adoption strategies and critical success factors. Consequently, the effects of more static factors such as interdependency between SCM partners have been largely ignored. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine the effects of both dynamic and static factors on SCM performance by controlling for information quality and partnership quality. The five factors examined in this study include innovative ness, mutual dependency, quality of information, partnership quality, and SCM performance. All factors were examined from the perspective of part suppliers, except the mutual dependency which was examined from two aspects: supplier's dependency on customer and customer's dependency on supplier. Data was collected through five hundred survey questionnaires distributed to the part supplier companies that have implemented SCM systems for at least one year. As a result, a total of 170 valid responses were obtained. A structural equation research model was fitted using SAS 9.1.3 and SMART-PLS 2.0. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, innovativeness positively affected SCM information quality. SCM partnership quality, and ultimately SCM performance. The path coefficient between innovativeness and information quality was 0.387, with a t-value of 3.528. Innovativeness also had a positively direct effect on partnership quality. The path coefficient was 0.351 with a t-value of 3.366. The total effect of innovativeness on partnership quality was significant, although its indirect effect on partnership quality by altering information quality was negligible. The total indirect effect of innovativeness on SCM performance by affecting information quality and partnership quality was significant with a p-value of 0.014. Innovativeness played an important role in determining SCM performance. Second, mutual dependency showed no significant effect on SCM information quality. This result contradicts the earlier assertion that the more dependent two companies are, the more accurate and timely the information they exchange ought to be. This study showed that this may not be the case; a partner may provide information of poor quality even when it is strongly dependent on the other. Mutual dependency showed significant effect on partnership quality. However, when the mutual dependency perceived by suppliers was divided into two parts, one being a supplier's dependency on its customer company and the other being a customer's dependency on the supplier, the latter showed a significant impact on the perceived SCM partnership quality. This result indicates that a customer company can hardly improve the partnership quality perceived by suppliers by making them more dependent. It improves only when the suppliers perceive that their partners, typically having more bargaining power, are more dependent on them. The overall effect of mutual dependency of any kind on SCM performance, however, was not significant. Although mutual dependency has been mentioned as an important static factor influencing almost every aspect of cooperation on a supply chain, its influences may not be as significant as it was initially perceived to be. Third, the correlation between information quality and partnership quality was 0.448 with a p-value of less than 0.001. Information quality had a path coefficient of 0.256 to partnership quality with a t-value of 2.940. The quality of information exchanged between partners may have an impact on their partnership quality. Fourth, information quality also had a significant impact on SCM performance with a path coefficient of 0.325 with a t-value of 3.611. In this study, SCM performance was divided into four categories: product quality, cost saving, service quality, and order fulfillment. Information quality has Significant impacts on product quality, cost saving and service quality, but not on order fulfillment. Fifth, partnership quality, as expected, had a significant impact on SCM performance. The path coefficient was 0.403 with a t-value of 3.539. Partnership quality, like information quality, had positive impacts on product quality, cost saving and service quality, but showed no impact on order fulfillment. It seemed that order fulfillment is the hardest category of performance that SCM can satisfy. One major limitation of this study is that it surveyed only the suppliers. To better understand the dual aspects of SCM, it is important to survey both suppliers and the assemblers, especially in pairs. This research, to our best knowledge, was the first attempt to study the level of dependency between the two groups by measuring the dual aspects of SCM and studying mutual dependency from the categories of suppliers and assemblers each.. In the future, a more comprehensive and precise measurement of SCM characteristics needs to be achieved by examining from both the supplier's and assembler's perspectives.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-42
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• 2009

In a knowledge-based society, a firm's intellectual capital represents the wealth of ideas and ability to innovate, which are indispensable elements for the future growth. Therefore, the intellectual capital is evidently recognized as the most valuable asset in the organization. Considered as intangible asset, intellectual capital is the basis based on which firms can foster their sustainable competitive advantage. One of the essential components of the intellectual capital is a social capital, indicating the firm's individual members' ability to build a firm's social networks. As such, social capital is a powerful concept necessary for understanding the emergence, growth, and functioning of network linkages. The more social capital a firm is equipped with, the more successfully it can establish new social networks. By providing a shared context for social interactions, social capital facilitates the creation of new linkages in the organizational setting. This concept of "person-environment fit" has long been prevalent in the management literature. The fit is grounded in the interaction theory of behavior. The interaction perspective has a fairly long theoretical tradition, beginning with proposition that behavior is a function of the person and environment. This view asserts that neither personal characteristics nor the situation alone adequately explains the variance in behavioral and attitudinal variables. Instead, the interaction of personal and situational variables accounts for the greatest variance. Accordingly, the person-environment fit is defined as the degree of congruence or match between personal and situational variables in producing significant selected outcomes. In addition, information systems acceptance factors enable organizations to build large electronic communities with huge knowledge resources. For example, the Intranet helps to build knowledge-based communities, which in turn increases employee communication and collaboration. It is vital since through active communication and collaborative efforts can employees build common basis for shared understandings that evolve into stronger relationships embedded with trust. To this aim, the electronic communication network allows the formation of social network to be more viable to rapid mobilization and assimilation of knowledge assets in the organizations. The purpose of this study is to investigate: (1) the impact of person-environment fit(person-job fit, person-person fit, person-group fit, person-organization fit) on social capital(network ties, trust, norm, shared language); (2) the impact of information systems acceptance factors(availability, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) on social capital; (3) the impact of social capital on personal performance(work performance, work satisfaction); and (4) the mediating role of social capital between person-environment fit and personal performance. In general, social capital is defined as the aggregated actual or collective potential resources which lead to the possession of a durable network. The concept of social capital was originally developed by sociologists for their analysis in social context. Recently, it has become an increasingly popular jargon used in the management literature in describing organizational phenomena outside the realm of transaction costs. Since both environmental factors and information systems acceptance factors affect the network of employee's relationships, this study proposes that these two factors have significant influence on the social capital of employees. The person-environment fit basically refers to the alignment between characteristics of people and their environments, thereby resulting in positive outcomes for both individuals and organizations. In addition, the information systems acceptance factors have rather direct influences on the social network of employees. Based on such theoretical framework, namely person-environment fit and social capital theory, we develop our research model and hypotheses. The results of data analysis, based on 458 employee cases are as follow: Firstly, both person-environment fit(person-job fit, person-person fit, person-group fit, person-organization fit) and information systems acceptance factors(availability perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) significantly influence social capital(network ties, norm, shared language). In addition, person-environment fit is a stronger factor influencing social capital than information systems acceptance factors. Secondly, social capital is a significant factor in both work satisfaction and work performance. Finally, social capital partly plays a mediating role between person-environment fit and personal performance. Our findings suggest that it is vital for firms to understand the importance of environmental factors affecting social capital of employees and accordingly identify the importance of information systems acceptance factors in building formal and informal relationships of employees. Firms also need to reflect their recognition of the importance of social capital's mediating role in boosting personal performance. Some limitations arisen in the course of the research and suggestions for future research directions are also discussed.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.131-154
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• 2013

New internet technologies have created a revolutionary new platform which allows consumers to make decision about product price and quality quickly and provides information about themselves through the transcript of online reviews. By expressing their feelings toward products or services on virtual opinion platforms, users extend their influence into cyberspace as electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM). Existing research indicates that an impact of eWOM on the consumer decision process is influential. For both academic researchers and practitioners, investigating this phenomenon of information sharing in online website is essential given the increasing number of consumers using them as sources of purchase decisions. It is worthwhile to examine the extent to which opinion seekers are willing to accept and adopt online reviews and which factors encourage adoption. Discerning the most motivating aspects of information adoption in particular, could help electronic marketers better promote their brand and presence on the internet. The objectives of this study are to investigate how online WOM influences a persons' purchase decision by discovering which factors encourage information adoption. Especially focused on the self-efficacy, this research investigates how self-efficacy affects on information usefulness and adoption of online information. Although people are exposed to same review or comment about product or service, some accept the reviews while others do not. We notice that accepting online reviews mainly depends on the person's preference or personal characteristics. This study empirically examines this issue by using cognitive dissonance theory. Specifically, in the movie industry, we address few questions-is always positive WOM generating positive effect? What if the movie isn't the person's favorite genre? What if the person who is very self-assertive so doesn't take other's opinion easily? In these cases of cognitive dissonance, is always WOM generating same result? While many studies have focused on one direct of WOM which indicates positive (or negative) informative reviews or comments generate positive (or negative) results and more (or less) profits, this study investigates not only directional properties of WOM but also how people change their opinion towards product or service positive to negative, negative to positive through the online WOM. An experiment was conducted quantitatively by using a sample of 168 users who have experience within the online movie review site, 'Naver Movie'. Users were required to complete a survey regarding reviews and comments taken from the real movie page. The data reflected user's perceptions of online WOM information that determined users' adoption level. Analysis results provide empirical support for the proposed theoretical perspective. When user can't agree with the opinion of online WOM information, in other words, when cognitive dissonance between online WOM information and users' preference occurs, perceived self-efficacy significantly decreases customers' perception of usefulness. And this perception of usefulness plays an important role in determining users' intention to adopt online WOM information. Most of researches have been concentrated on characteristics of online WOM itself such as quality or vividness of information, credibility of source and direction of online WOM, etc. for describing effect of online WOM, but our results suggest that users' personal character (e.g., self-efficacy) plays decisive role for acceptance of online WOM information. Higher self-efficacy means lower possibility to accept the information that represents counter opinion because of cognitive dissonance, whereas the people that have lower self-efficacy are willing to accept the online WOM information as true and refer to purchase decision. This study suggests a model for understanding role of direction of online WOM information. Also, our result implicates the importance of online review supervision and personalized information service by confirming switching opinion negative to positive is more difficult than positive to negative through the online WOM information. This implication would help marketers to manage online reviews of their products or services.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2009

위성영상 자료를 이용하여 녹지가 주변 도시지역 기온저감에 영향을 미치는 범위를 분석하는 방법을 제시하였다. Landsat 5 TM Band 6에서 표면온도를 추출하고, 이를 자동기상관측소의 실측기온을 이용하여 기온으로 보정하였다. 위와 같은 방법으로 위성영상으로부터 지표온도를 추출 보정한 후 녹지가 도시기온에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 등온선도를 작성하였다. 기온이 거리에 따라 급격하게 변화하는 지역을 기온완화구간이라고 정의하고, 100m당 $0.1^{\circ}C$ 이상의 기온저감을 기준으로 기온완화효과 영역을 설정하였다. 위와 같은 방법으로 수혜면적을 도출한 후 해당행정구역 내 인구가 동일하게 분포한다고 가정하여 기온저감수혜인구를 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 녹지의 기온저감영향이 녹지로부터 반경 500m까지 미친다는 선행연구를 토대로 기준을 설정할 경우 시가지 중 100m 당 $0.1^{\circ}C$ 이상의 기온저감 영향을 받는 면적은 $67.33km^2$로 전체 서울시 면적의 11.12%, 시가지면적을 기준으로 할 경우 18.09%를 차지한다. 서울시민이 시가지에 등밀도로 거주한다고 가정하면 2008년 1/4분기 기준으로 서울시 인구 10,456,095명 중 약 1,892,000명을 기온저감 수혜인구로 추정할 수 있다. 또한, 기온저감 영향권역 단면 50곳을 임의로 선정하여 단면도를 작성한 결과, 녹지의 경계부와 시가지의 기온은 평균 $0.78^{\circ}C$ 차이가 났으며, 최저 $0.3^{\circ}C$, 최대 $1.7^{\circ}C$의 차이를 보였다. 이를 통해 열섬완화측면에서 법률상 공원의 유치거리 및 배치의 적절성을 분석하여 향후 공원 조성 시 인간의 이용측면만이 아닌 열섬완화 및 열 쾌적성을 고려한 새로운 기준작성의 기초자료로 활용 가능하다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.467-480
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• 2011

본 연구는 AVHRR(Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer)과 MODIS(MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 위성관측을 바탕으로 산출된 남한지역의 장기간(1981-2006년) 순 일차생산량(Net Primary Production, NPP)의 시공간적 변화를 분석하고 그 변화에 영향을 미치는 기후요소와의 상관성을 분석하였다. 남한지역의 AVHRR과 MODIS에서는 연간순 열차생산량이 AVHRR의 경우 893-1068 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$ /yr과 MODIS의 경우 610-695 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr로 나타나고 있으며 두 자료는 통계적으로 약 325 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr 의 차이를 보이고 있다. 해상도 등의 차이가 있으나 지상 관측과 비교한 결과 MODIS 센서에 의한 관측이 보다 근접한 결과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 위성관측자료 분석결과 NPP 값은 식생의 밀도가 높은 산림지역 및 연평균기온이 높은 지역에서 큰 것으로 나타났다. 두개의 위성센서로 산출된 순 열차생산량은 경년변화가 다소 크지만, 각각 장기간에 걸쳐 서서히 증가하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 1981-2000년 동안 AVHRR에서 매년 평균 2.14 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr, 2000-2006년 동안 MODIS에서 매년 평균 6.08 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr 만큼 증가하였다. 특히 남서해안 지역은 두 위성관측결과 모두 순 일차생산량의 증가가 상대적으로 높았다. 토지피복 지도와 대조결과 그 이유는 논 밭 등의 관개와 비료시용에 의한 농작물의 생산성 증대와 관계가 있는 것으로 추정된다. NPP값은 월별 강수량 및 평균기온에 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었으며, 특히 남한지역의 여름몬순시기에서 강수량과 기온이 모두 가장 큰 상관관계를 보이고 있다. NPP 절대값의 차이 외에도 두 센서로 산출된 순 일차생산량과 기후요소와의 상관성 등의 차이는 두 자료의 토양호흡 등을 포함하는 등 위성자료 복원과정 및 관련 모텔의 차이에 의해 발생하는 것으로 사료된다. 또한 향후 보다 정확한 순 일차생산량을 계산하기 위해 복원과정에서 기상 실측자료 및 보다 현실적인 토지피복 등을 고려해야 할 것이다.