• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 1994.07a
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• pp.23-24
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• 1994

본 연구는 성숙과의 저장중에 세포벽분해효소가 세포벽을 분해해서 물성의 변화를 유발함으로 일어나는 과실의 연과가 품질과 저장성의 저하 뿐만 아니라 영양적, 경제적 손실을 초래한다는 점을 고려하여 대추의 성숙중에 일어나는 연화현상을 연구하고자 성숙에 따른 경도, 세포벽분해효소의 활성, 세포벽 다당류 pectin질, 비섬유성 중성당 및 조직의 변화를 조사하였다. 경도는 대추의 숙성에 따라 감소하였고, polygalacturonase와 $\beta$-galactosidase의 활성은 각각 변색기와 완숙기에 나타난 이후 급격히 증가하였다. 세포벽 다당류인 pectin질과 알칼리 지용성 hemicellulose는 완숙기가지 증가햐였으나 cellulose는 완숙기에 산가용성 hemicellulose와 cellulose를 제외한 세포벽 다당류의 함량은 다소 감소하였다. 대추의 세포벽 비섬유성 중성당으로 rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose가 동정되었고, 성숙동안에 pectin질에서는 arabinose, mannose, galactose와 총 비섬유성 중성당의 함량이 감소하였고, 산가용성 hemicellulose에서는 xylose와 mannose가 뚜렸하게 증가하였으나 중성당은 변화없었으며, 알칼리 가용성 hemicellulose에서는 성숙에 따른 변화가 거의 없었다. pectin질의 경우 수용성 pectin, EDTA 용해성 pectin 및 총 pectin은 성숙중에 증가하는 경향이있으나 불용성 pectin은 감소하는 경향이였으며 과숙기에는 불용성 psctin EDTA용해성 pectin 및 총 pectin의 함량은 모두 현저히 감소하였다. 대추의 성숙중 조직에서는 pectin질로 구성된 중충의 붕괴현상이 뚜렸하게 나타났다.발이 절실히 필요한 실정이다. 이러한 배경으로 본 강연에서는 효소적갈변 저해제의 개발과 그들의 식품가공에의 적용 현환 및 화장품, 의약품으로의 응용에 대해 설명하고자 한다.L주에 비해 S주는 수정후 용과가 더 심하다. 9) 화분관의 행동은 수정력과 완전히 일치된다. 즉 L-selfing, $L{\times}L$, S-selfing, $S{\times}S$등의 부적법 수분에서는 화분관은 화주의 미중에서 정지되지만 $L{\times}S$, $S{\times}L$,에서는 수분 약 40-50분 후이면 화분관은 자방까지 도달된다. 10) S주는 웅본으로 오인되어 있지만 인위적법수분을 하면 수정력이나 화분관의 행동은 L주에서와 동일하다. 11) S화분은 완전하지만 L화분은 약 70%가 내용공허한 Adortive pollen 이다. 12) L화분중 나머지 30%도 S화분에 비해서 염색도가 낮은것이 많고 S화분 같이 농염되는 것은 극히 소수이다. 13) 본장물은 분화가 고도로 진행된 전형적인 이형예작물이여 마치 Dimorphism 에서 Dioecious 에로 이행되는 수가 있다는 것을 표시하는 증거가 되는 것 같다. 다소 높은 산소농도 3%~5% 이산화탄소 농도 5~8%에서 저장하는 것이 효과적일 것으로 판단되었다.철쭉군목으로 대표되나 군단이 하의 군목들은 다소 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 중간상인이론의 수정이 필요하다고 본다.가\ulcorner 본 논문에서는 표면적 형태에도 불구하고 [-wh]의미의 겹의문사는 병렬적 관계의 합성어가 아니라 내부구조를 지니지 않은 단순한 단어(minimal $X^{0}$ elements)로 가정한다. 즉, [+wh] 의미의 겹의문사는 동일한 구성요 소를 지닌 병렬적 합성어([

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.253-261
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• 2006

Estimating the size of unerupted teeth is an essential aspect of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning in the mixed dentition. Several methods were introduced and used for the prediction. The most common methods among these would be Moyers probability chart and Tanaka and Johnston equations. These are currently used widely, but they were developed for Caucasians. Because there are clear racial differences in teeth size, the objectives of this study were to produce correlation coefficients between the combined mesiodistal widths of the permanent mandibular incisors and those of the canines and premolars for each quadrant, and prediction tables with regression equations, specifically for Korean. 178 young adults (70 women, 108 men, mean age 21.63 years) were selected from the College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. The mesiodistal crown diameters of the permanent teeth were measured with calipers. Significant sexual dimorphism was found in tooth sizes. The correlation coefficients between the total mesiodistal width of the mandibular permanent incisors and those of the maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars were found to be between 0.52 and 0.64. The standard error of the estimatation was better (0.60) for women and the ${\gamma}^2$ values ranged from 0.27 to 0.41 for both sexes Prediction tables were prepared for Korean. This study showed larger canine and premolar diameters than Tanaka and Johnston's and Moyers' studies which might be due to the racial differences. Further investigations with a larger sample size will be needed for more representative data on the Korean population.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.682-685
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• 2002

Cytogenetic analysis was conducted to obtaining informations for genetic improvement of spotty belly greenling (Hexagrmmos agrammus) and greenling (H. otakii) in aquaculture. Erythrocytes of spotty belly greenling were slightly larger than those of greenling (p<0.05). The nuclear volume of spotty belly greening erythrocytes averaged 15.14 $\pm$ 0.92 ${\mu}m^3$ while that of greening averaged 14.61 $\pm$ 0.15 $\mu$m^3 the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Consequently, genome size of spotty belly greenling was also slightly larger than those of greenling. DNA content per cell of spotty belly greenling and greenling were 2.15 pg and 2.10 pg, respectively. The modal chromosome number of both greenling species were same as 2n=48 and karyotypes were also identical as 2 metacentrics, 11 snbrnetacentrics and 11 acrocentric pairs $(W: 74), There was no evidence of polymorphism including aneuploidy or sex-related heterornorphisrn for all specimens examined. The nuclear organizer regions (NOR_s)$ were localized on a small acrocentric chromosome pair in both species, Spotty belly greenling showed large sizes of active rRNA coding regions in their chromosomes. However, greenling examined only small sizes of active rRNA coding regions with dimorphism.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

This study was performed to understand the reproductive ecology of cephalopods, described the microanatomical structure of the male reproductive organs and spermatophore in the common squid, Todarodes pacificus, a major cephalopods in Korea. The common squid was gonochorism and had sexual dimorphism, the color of the reproductive organs reflected on the mantle and the presence of the hectocotylus. Male reproductive organs were composed of testis, primary vas deferens, spermatophoric gland (seminal vesicle), spermatophoric sac (Needham's sac) and secondary vas deferens. The male has specialized reproductive organs such as the spermatophore forming organ, spermatophoric gland. Testis was histologically a seminiferous tubule type. The primary vas deferens was a thin and inverted triangular spring-like form that connected from the rear of the testis to the spermatophoric gland. Inside, it was filled with sperm of basophilic in H-E stain. The spermatophoric gland is an irregular oval connected to the primary vas deferens and spermatophoric sac, and there were a number of tubular glands. The spermatophoric sac is a tubular structure located between spermatophoric gland and secondary vas deferens, and a number of spermatophores have been identified in the lumen. The secondary vas deferens was connected to the posterior of the spermatophoric sac and had a spermatophore inside. The spermatophore was a long, transparent tube about 22 mm long, with a sperm mass inside.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.722-728
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• 2008

Purpose : This study was designed to examine the effects of adiponectin, leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein (BP)-3 levels in cord blood on weight, length, and adiposity at birth in healthy term infants. In addition, we evaluated the mechanism to change the hormone levels in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) during the first month. Methods : We collected cord blood from 200 term neonates (109 males, 91 females) with no perinatal problems, and measured the hormone levels and anthropometric parameters including weight, length, and skin-fold thickness. Term neonates were divided into 3 groups as follows: birth weight appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (n=132), birth weight less for gestational age (SGA) (n=29), and birth weight more for gestational age (LGA) (n=39). Venous blood samples of 15 fullterm healthy neonates were obtained at 3, 7, and 30 d after birth. Results : The adiponectin, insulin, and IGF-I levels were significantly lower in the SGA group than in the AGA and LGA groups. The leptin levels were significantly higher in the LGA group than in the AGA and SGA groups. Cord blood adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels correlated significantly and positively with birth weight and the sum of the skin-fold thickness. A significant positive correlation was observed between adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-I levels and birth weight. Adiponectin level correlated significantly with that leptin level (r=0.191, P=0.038), but not with insulin, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels. IGF-I levels were higher in females than in males. At 7 d after birth, the leptin level decreased along with physiologic weight loss, and then increased. IGF-I, also decreased at 3 d, significantly increased 1 month later. Conclusion : We suggest that adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 play an important role in regulating fetal growth. Adiponectin may be involved in regulating fetal growth through mechanisms different from those mediated by insulin or IGF-I. High levels of IGF-I in female neonates indicates a gender difference which serves as evidence for in utero sexual dimorphism. It is likely that IGF-I has a more important role than that of hormones in postnatal growth.