• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2005

콘크리트가 외기에 노출되면 수분확산으로 인해 콘크리트 내에는 비선형 수분분포를 가진다. 이러한 비선형 수분분포는 부등건조수축을 야기시키고 콘크리트 표면에 수축균열을 일으키게 된다. 수축균열의 발생은 콘크리트 구조물의 내구성과 사용성에 영향을 미치게 되므로 근본적으로 수분확산에 대한 연구가 반드시 요구된다. 본 연구의 목적은 콘크리트 구조물의 수분확산을 지배하는 수분확산계수의 수정 모델식을 제안하는 것으로서 이를 위해 여러 가지 실험결과를 근거로 하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 콘크리트의 수분확산계수는 재령에 따라 변화하며 특히, 초기재령에서 변화가 크게 나타난다. 본 연구에서 제안한 수분확산계수 모델식은 콘크리트의 습도뿐만 아니라 공극률의 함수로써 재령의 영향을 고려하였다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.29-33
• /
• 2011

Film growth rate and composition variation are numerically analyzed during the selective area growth of InGaN on the GaN triangular stripe microfacet in this study. Both the vapor phase diffusion and the surface diffusion are considered to determine the In composition on the InGaN surface. To obtain the In composition on the surface, flux of In atoms due to the surface diffusion is added to the concentration determined from the Laplace equation which is governing the gas phase diffusion. The solution model is validated by comparing the growth rates from the analyses to the experimental results of GaN and InN films. The In composition and resulting wave length are increased when the surface diffusion is considered. The In content is also increased according to the increasing mask width. The effect of mask width to the In content and wave length is increasing in the case of a small open region.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2011

Si-rich-layer-coated U-7 wt%Mo plates were prepared in order to evaluate the diffusion barrier performance of the Si-rich layer in U-Mo vs. Al interdiffusion. Pure Si powder was used for coating the U-Mo plates by annealing at $900^{\circ}C$ for 1 h under vacuum of approximately 1 Pa. Si-rich layers containing more than 60 at% of Si were formed on U-7 wt%Mo plates. Diffusion couple tests were conducted in a muffle furnace at $560-600^{\circ}C$ under vacuum using Si-rich-layer-coated U-Mo plates and pure Al plates. Diffusion couple tests using uncoated U-Mo plates and Al-(0, 2 or 5 wt%)Si plates were also conducted for comparison. Si-rich-layer coatings were more effective in suppressing the interaction during diffusion couple tests between coated U-Mo plate and Al, when compared with U-Mo vs. Al-Si diffusion couples, since only small amounts of Al in the coating could be found after the diffusion couple tests. Si-rich-layer-coated U-7wt%Mo particles were also prepared using the same technique for U-7 wt%Mo plates to observe the microsturctures of the coated particles.

• 품질경영학회지
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.691-700
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the diffusion pattern of the Mongolian mobile phone market. In particular, we used a generalized diffusion model to explore the factors affecting market potenial. Methods: We used three diffusion models to estimate the number of mobile subscribers in Mongolia. Based on the Logistic model with the best fitness, we introduced time-varying market potential and explored the influence of various independent variables such as GDP and inflation. Results: Among the basic diffusion models, the Logistic model was the best in terms of estimation performance and statistical significance. The estimation results of the Generalized Logistic model confirm that investment in the telecommunication sector has a significant positive effect on market potential. The estimation of the Generalized Logistic model effectively describes the continuous growth of the Mongolian telecommunications market until recently. Conclusion: We have analyzed the diffusion pattern of the Mongolian telecommunications market and found that the amount of investment in the sector leads to the growth of the market size. This study is original in terms of its subject - Mongolian telecommunications market and methodology - time-varying market potential.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2016

Purpose - In case of automobile parts, there has been a lot of progress in the study on supplier development plans and SCM in industrial progress study as well as on the relationship between ERP and SCM. But supplier development program providers have researched on SCM performance in accordance with the interests of the supplier development program most, thus, buyers were knowledgeable about the earlier program performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prove correlation factor, supplier factor, purchaser factor affecting SCM performance and ERP activating diffusion through the process of supplier development. Supplier development maturity formation model is considered important variables as mediators related to the procedure. Finally, the performance formation model of the supplier development maturity through supplier development factor would be presented as the outcome of this study. Research design, data, and methodology - Data gathering was as follows: questionnaires were delivered to 87 companies that have business connection with H Company. The empirical research to test our hypothesis was grounded on statistical analysis (adapting SPSS 19.0 & AMOS 19.0). The hypothesis is that the supplier development factor variables consist of correlation factor, supplier factor, purchaser factor, and have non-negative effects on the next variables: mediators such as supplier development maturity; and the supplier development maturity variables have a positive effect on the next variables: ERP activating diffusion, ERP activating diffusion has a non-negative effect on supply chain performance. We experimented the hypothesized model using path analysis with latent variables. Results - First, it was known that cooperation

, reliability

, comprehension on the purpose of SDP

, adaptation of change

, knowledge transfer program

, have significant positive effects on supplier development maturity. Second, supplier development maturity has positive effects significantly on ERP activating diffusion

. Finally, the causal relationships from ERP activating diffusion to SCM performance were significantly accepted. Its significance, as through the hypotheses, presented a structural model for the elaboration, suppliers develop maturity, and ultimately SCM performance that affect ERP leveraging spread beyond the concept of maturity of information system. Therefore, it was a mainstay of research on the existing ERP has they believed. Conclusion - First, with the fast changes in business circumstances, company should get the right information to implement SCM appropriately. For successful SCM, firms should understand the supplier development maturity formation and ERP activating diffusion. Second, supplier development factor has significant effects on supplier development maturity. Third, mediator such as supplier development maturity significantly affects ERP activating diffusion. Finally, ERP activating diffusion has significant impacts on SCM performance. This study makes a meaningful contribution to further appreciation on how supplier development maturity formation affects SCM performance. This study shows implications. First, there would not have been dealt with introducing the concept of supplier development maturity. Second, through empirical analysis and provider factors, the providers will develop the maturity that affect interactive factors between purchaser and supplier.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.387-393
• /
• 1995

삼투건조시 물질이동 특성을 알아보기 위하여 수분과 용질의 이동을 확산식으로 평가하여 침지온도와 농도에 따른 영향을 조사하였으며 또한 품질변화 정도는 carotene 함량을 지표로 하여 반응속도식으로 구명하고자 하였으며 삼투공정시 수분의 이동을 기존의 건조모델로 표현하고자 적합도를 알아보았다. 수분손실이나 용질의 증가는 온도와 농도가 증가함에 따라 높은값을 보였으며 농도보다는 온도의 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 확산계수 또한 고온과 고농도에서 높은 값을 가져 확산이 빠르게 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 고온에서는 수분 손실이 용질의 증가보다 높아 용질의 확산계수가 수분의 확산계수보다 높았으며, 품질변화를 나타내는 반응속도상수는 온도의 증가보다 농도의 증가에 따라 더 큰 값을 가져 고농도에서 파괴가 많이 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 확산계수와 품질변화 속도상수에 대한 온도의 영향을 알아보고자 Arrhenius 식에 적합시켜 본 결과 낮은 농도인 $20^{\circ}Brix$에서 확산에 많은 활성화에너지가 필요하고 고농도인 $60^{\circ}Brix$에서는 상대적으로 낮은 활성에너지로도 용질의 확산이 일어난다는 것을 알 수 있었고 활성화 에너지의 크기로 보아 수분의 이동은 $40^{\circ}Brix$에서, 용질의 이동은 $60^{\circ}Brix$에서 이동이 효과적으로 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 침지온도와 농도를 독립변수로 하여 확산계수와 반응속도상수를 예측하고자 각 독립 변수의 최적함수를 구하여 수립한 최적 함수 모델식과 polynomial 형태로 모델화 하였을 경우 수분이나 용질의 확산계수는 높은 적합도를 결정계수를 가지나 품질변화를 나타내는 반응속도강수는 다소 낮아 온도와 농도의 함수로 예측하기에는 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 삼투건조 공정 중 수분의 이동을 시간의 함수로 표현하기 위한 가장 적합한 모델은 quadratic 모델의 $R^{2}$값이 침지온도와 농도에 관계없이 전반적으로 0.99 이상으로 나타나 다른 모델보다 더 높은 적용 가능성을 보였다. 따라서 quadratic 모델을 이용하여 삼투건조공정에서의 시간에 따른 수분함량을 예측할 수 있으며 확산계수와 아울러 물질이동 특성을 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.185-196
• /
• 2017

Durability problems initiated from steel corrosion are unseen but critical issues, so that many researches are focused on chloride penetration evaluation. Even if RC (Reinforced Concrete) structures are exposed to normal environment, chloride ingress varies with concrete surface conditions and exposed period. This paper presents an analysis technique for chloride behavior evaluation considering time effect on diffusion and surface conditions assumed as double-layered system. For evaluation of deteriorated surface condition, field investigation was performed for concrete pavement exposed to deicing agent for 18 years. In order to consider enhanced surface concrete, chloride profiles in surface-impregnated concretes exposed to chloride attack for 2 years from previous research were investigated. Through reverse analysis, effectively deteriorated/enhanced depth of surface and the related reduced/enlarged diffusion coefficient in the depth are simulated. The proposed analysis technique was evaluated to handle the chloride behavior more accurately considering changes of chloride ingress within surface layer and decreased diffusion coefficient with time. For the concrete surface exposed to deicing agent, the deteriorated depth and enlarged diffusion coefficient are evaluated to be 12.5~15.0 mm and 200% increasing diffusion coefficient, respectively. The results in concrete containing enhanced cover show 10.0~12.5 mm of impregnated depth and 85% reduction of chloride diffusion in tidal and submerged conditions.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.221-227
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 SNS를 통한 온라인 이벤트 확산에 영향을 미치는 요인을 소비자들의 발자취를 통해 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 시중 'C' 맥주 브랜드가 시행한 온라인 이벤트의 로그 데이터를 수집하여 분석하였다. 로그 데이터의 분석단위는 시간대별로 설정하였으며 분석방법은 기술적 분석과 회귀분석을 이용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, SNS 기반 온라인 이벤트의 뷰(view) 확산에 영향을 미치는 요인은 좋아요, 친구 사용 쿠폰, 친구 규모 등으로 나타났다. 특히 친구 규모가 확산에 가장 큰 영향을 미쳤는데 이는 온라인 이벤트에서 소셜 허브의 중요성을 다시금 시사하고 있다. 둘째, 유입자 수 확산에 영향을 미치는 요인도 좋아요, 친구 사용 쿠폰, 친구 규모 등으로 나타났다. 셋째, 댓글은 참여 빈도가 적어 뷰와 유입자의 확산에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 실제 데이터를 기반으로 온라인 소비자들의 행동을 탐색하고 나아가 기업의 온라인 이벤트 효과를 제고할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.48.4-48.4
• /
• 2019

We studied the metal-distribution of isolated Milky-way mass galaxy using various hydrodynamic solvers and investigated the difference of the result between AMR and SPH codes. In particle-based codes, physical quantities like mass or metallicity defined in each particle are conserved unless being injected explicitly by the effect of the supernova, whereas in the Eulerian codes the diffusion is simply accomplished by hydro-equation. Therefore, without including explicit physics of diffusion on the SPH- codes, the metal mixing in the galaxy or CGM only can be accomplished by the direct motion of the particles, however, the standard-SPH codes depress the instability of the turbulent fluid mixing. In this work, we simulated under common initial conditions, common gas-physics like cooling-heating models, and star-formation feedback using ENZO(AMR) GIZMO and GADGET-2 codes. We additionally included a metal-diffusion algorithm on the SPH-codes, which follows the subgrid-turbulent mixing model investigated by Shen et al. (2010) and compared the effect of the metal-outflow on the halo region of the galaxy in different hydro-solvers. We also found that for the implementation of the diffusion scheme in the SPH-codes, the existence of a sufficient number of the gas-particles, which is the carrier of the metals, is necessary. So we tested a new initial condition for proper implementation of the diffusion scheme on the SPH simulations. By comparing the metal-contamination of the circumgalactic medium with different hydrodynamics models, we quantify the diffusion strength of AMR codes using diffusion parameterization of the SPH codes and also suggest the calibration solutions in the different behavior of codes in metal-outflow.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.133-151
• /
• 2018

Purpose Global fintech industry is proliferating. Although domestic investment in fintech service is also increasing fast, user acceptance of fintech payment service seems slower than expected. Previous fintech literature mainly focuses on overall characteristics and technical aspects of fintech including security issues and explores factors affecting the service adoption. This study aims to examine crucial factors affecting user's resistance intention to fintech payment service adoption. The research model was formulated based on innovation diffusion theory and status quo bias theory and validated empirically. Design/methodology/approach The proposed research model was empirically validated with 149 responses from college students who have used fintech payment service. The component-based SEM was employed for data analysis. Findings The significant findings are as follow. First, compatibility has significant negative effect and complexity, and perceived risk has a positive effect on user resistance. Second, institutional trust does not show a significant effect on user resistance but has an indirect effect through the mediation of trust in service provider. Finally, trust in service provider shows the significant negative effect on user resistance.