• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 1993

To investigate e effect of antimicrobial ointments on wound healing wound contraction was measured in rabbits with daily application of ointments. Full thickness skin defects(1cm$\times$1cm) were made in three different areas on the back. Percentage of wound contraction based on wound area measured on the day of surgery was calculate every other day until day 9. The percentages of wound contraction in saline and gentamycin solution-treated groups were 86.0% and 75.0%, respectively and higher than those in animicrobial ointments, especially gentamycin cream, silver sulfadiazine and madecasol ointments. It was suggested that the effect of antimicrobial ointments on wound healing were not superior to at of physiological saline in respect to wound contraction in rabbits.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2005

A feeding trial of two feeding rate (satiation and $80\%$ satiation) $\times$ four feeding frequency (three meals a day, two meals a day, one meal a day and one meal every two days) factorial design with three replications was carried out to investigate the optimum feeding frequency and rate for growth of flounder during the winter season. Juvenile flounder averaging 45 g were fed a extruded pellet for 60 days. Weight gain was affected by both feeding frequency (P<0.001) and feeding rate (P<0.01). The best weight gain obtained from fish fed two meals a day with satiation was not different from that of fish fed three meals a day with satiation and $80\%$ satiation. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the diet three times daily were the highest among groups, but not different to other groups of fish except for one meal every two days with satiation and $80\%$ satiation feeding. Daily feed intake was affected by both feeding frequency and feeding rate (P<0.001), these values of fish fed two and three meals a day with satiation were the highest among the groups. Moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash contents of fish were not affected by both feeding frequency and feeding rate (P>0.05). The results of this study indicate that the optimum feeding frequency for the growth of juvenile flounder grown from 45 g to 53 g is two meals a day with satiation feeding during the winter season.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.290-300
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• 2011

Objectives: There is limited data regarding the toxicity of methylcyclohexane, despite its wide use in rubber adhesives, paint diluents, and cleansing agents. This study aimed to verify the toxicity and influence on the reproductive system of methylcyclohexane after its repeated injection in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Methylcyclohexane was injected subcutaneously into male and female SD rats once a day, five times a week, for 13 weeks at different doses (0, 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) for each group. The toxicity of testing material was verified by observing the change in body and organ weight, hematological change, pathological findings, and effect on the reproductive system at each different concentration. Results: In the 1,000 mg/kg/day group, there were cases of animal deaths. In animals that survived, hematological changes, including a decrease in the red blood cell count, were observed. A considerable weight gain or loss and pathological abnormalities in the liver, kidney, and other organs were found. However, the 10 and 100 mg/kg/day groups did not cause deaths or other specific abnormalities. In terms of reproductive toxicity, there were changes in hormone levels, including a significant decrease in hormones such as estradiol and progesterone (p < 0.001) in male animals. Menstrual cycle change for female animals did not show concentration dependency. Conclusion: When injected repeatedly for 13 weeks, methylcyclohexane proved to be toxic for the liver, heart, and kidney at a high dose. The absolute toxic dose was 1,000 mg/kg/day, while the no observed adverse effect level was less than 100 mg/kg/day. The substance exerted little influence on the reproductive system.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigatd the variation of some apearance chemical components at National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station in Korea. the treatements consisted of five transplating times, form May 5 to July 5 at 15-day interval , and six cultivars ; two early-maturing, two mid-maturing and two latematuring cultivars. The results showed that the variatio of grain appearance such as length-wide ratio was not significantly different in early -maturing cultivars, but mid-and late-maturing cultivars made slightly a round shape of grain in case of early transplanting. Percentage of complete grain was found to be high at transplanting of MAy 20 inearly-maturing cultivars and on June 5 in mid-and late-maturing ones. PERcentage of existed embryo after milling showed high at early transplanting of May 5 for early -maturing cultivars, and at the late transplanting of June 5 in early and late maturing one. The chemical components of rice grain showed high in protein , lipid,ash and amylose content inthe earlier transplanting, and also revealed high in carbohydrates, magnesium and potassium in the later transplanting of all cultivars.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.141-157
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• 2000

This study aims to define the mechanism of the formation of a regional segregated area of Korean immigrants to Japan. And furthermore to examine the transformations of the ethnic identity with the change of the times and generations. Kotobuki is korean community formed in Yoseba. Yoseba is the space served as a catchment place of day laborers for jobs regarded as relatively unsdilled. such places generally have a large number of cheap lodging houses(doyagai) for them. With the change of the times, this area has become a place where the labor workers flocked into. koreans also came in with them. kotobuki was formed in Yoseba is a proof that socio-economic conditions influenced ethnic community. And the ehinc solodarity in the community got stronger in proportion to the solidarity tends to change and differs in degree accoding to the different generations of and different immigrant periods of the Koreans.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.277-281
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• 1992

To investigate the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine on wound healing, their antimicrobial activity and their effects on wound contraction in rabbits were studied. Staphyococcus aureus (1${\times}$10$\^$7/) was inoculated on the full thickness skin defects (2${\times}$2cm) on the back. Antiseptics were applied on the defects 2 hours after Inoculation. The defects were swabbed for bacterial culture 24 and 48 hours after the application of antiseptics. Percentage of wound contraction, based on wound area measured on the day of surgery was calculated for each wound on days 1,7 and 14. The 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate solution had more effective antimicrobial activity against Staphyococcus aureus in wounds than 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate solution (p<0.05), and povidone iodine solution and saline (p<0.01). Percentages of wound contraction were not significantly different among different dilutions of the antiseptics and saline. Present study indicated that the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine gluconate in wound was superior to that of povidone iodine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1297-1302
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• 2003

To determine whether the feeding of different species of hay affects the dry-matter intake and the serum cortisol level of sheep, 6 non-pregnant, non-lactating ewes were offered alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay (Al), oats (Avena sativa) hay (Ot) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) hay (Pr) under 6 kinds of treatment including 1) change from Al to Ot, 2) Al to Pr, 3) Ot to Al, 4) Ot to Pr, 5) Pr to Al, and 6) Pr to Ot. The experimental design was a 6${\times}$6 Latin square with a 14 day period of which 9 days were a preliminary period and 5 days as a digestion trial period. The change in hay feeding was done abruptly on the first day of each period without an adaptation period. The blood from the jugular vein was collected on the first, third and the last day of each period through a sterile catheter for the analysis of cortisol. The dry-matter intake was recorded daily throughout the period. The mean daily intake of dry matter (DM, g/kg live weight) was significantly different among the 3 species of hay (Al>Ot>Pr; p<0.05). The digestibility of DM for Al and Ot was the same, but that for Pr was significantly lower than Al and Ot (p<0.05). The mean serum cortisol levels were significantly different among the hays (p<0.05). The level for Pr was the highest and that for Al was the lowest. The abrupt change of hay feeding of 6 treatments produced a significant change in the serum cortisol levels. The DM intake was inversely related to the change of the cortisol level. It is suggested that the animal' intake response to different species of hay may be partly motivated by the psychological feelings toward the hay offered.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.19
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of nursery soils and seeding density on seedling growth characteristics in automatic facility for raising of rice seedlings. The seedling characteristics were evaluated for the 10-day and 15-day old seedlings grown in six different nursery soils including farm-made soils. Two levels of seeding amount, 250 g and 300 g/tray ($60{\times}30{\times}2.5$ cm), were applied to compare the seedling characteristics according to seeding density on different nursery soils. There were wide difference in soil components among the nursery soils tested. In acidity of nursery soils, 'Bunoog 2' was the highest, pH 5.1, and 'Samkyung' was the lowest, pH 8.6. The content of available phosphate was the highest value, 843 ppm, in 'Bunong 1' and the lowest (74 ppm) in farm-made soils. The total nitrogen content of 'Bunong 1, 2, 3' and 'Weonjo' soils was higher than there of 'Samkyung' and farm-made soils. There was no difference in plant height among three types of 'Bunong' soils (Bunong 1, 2, 3), but the seedling height grown in farm-made soils was shorter than there in other nursery soils. The plant heigh was slightly taller as the increase of seeding amount from 250 g to 300 g/tray, and the difference in plant height was larger in 15-day old seedlings as compared with 10-day old seedlings. Dry weight of seedlings grown for 15 days in three 'Bunong' soils was heavier than those in other nursery soils. Based on the growing characteristics of seedlings grown in different nursery soils, the heat result was obtained from a nursery soil, 'Bunoog 2', among six marketing nursery soils tested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.280-287
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the export rate of suspended sediment by different precipitation intensity after forest road construction for torrential streams on three different watersheds with various forest road density(Watershed A : 6.67m/ha, Watershed B : 5.52m/ha, and Watershed C : control) in the Experimental Forest of Kangwon National University. The results were as follows. 1. Closely related to the the amount of rainfall in both 1994 and 1995, the average streanfkiw rate was less than $0.25{\times}10^4m^3/day$ during May and June and $5.0{\times}10^4m^3/day$ during July and August. More than $25{\times}10^4m^3/day$ of streanflow rate was occurred twice in 1994 and seven times in 1995. 2. The amount of suspended sediment in three watersheds was less than standard of drinking water(25mg/l) before road construction with daily rainfall of 74mm, 92mm, and 120mm in 1994, also after road construction with daily rainfall of 21mm and 47mm in 1995. But, under the 192mm of daily rainfall, Watershed C did not show the difference in the amount of suspended sediment, however, Watershed A and B produced 1,525mg/l and 775mg/l, respectively, which is 61 and 31 fold of stabdard of drinking water, and construction to export for 35 hours after rainfall. 3. The maximum amount of suspended sediment was less than the standard of drinking water with light rainfall before and after road construction. Under the 192mm of daily rainfall, the maximum amounts of suspended sediment in Watershed A and B were 13,150mg/l and 2,690mg/l, of 526 and 108 fold of standard of drinking water, respectively, showing obvious water pollution by sedimentation. Results of the study indicated that the forest road construction had great influence on the sedimentation, and getting increased by higher road density and heavier rainfall. Therefore such practices as vegetation covering and soil erosion control facility should be established accompanying with forest road construction to prevent from sedimentation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.967-974
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• 2004

The current study was undertaken to determine the effect of various conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers on differentiation of pig preadipocyte during culture. Preadipocyte(stroma-vascular cell) was isolated from the backfat of newborn pigs and cultured to differentiate into mature fat cell. Different doses of CLA isomers were treated to the culture media at different times. Cell differentiation was determined by measuring the glycerol3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of the cultured preadipocytes. Twenty and fifty $\mu$M of trans110_cis 12 isomer of CLA inhibited differentiation of pig preadipocyte whereas cis9-cis II isomer stimulated the differentiation. Both cis9-transII and trans9-trans11 isomers showed no effect. Effect of CLA isomer was more evident at the early stage of culture(day 0-8), than the late stage(day 8-14). These results suggest that each CLA isomer has different effect on pig preadipocyte differentiation.