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Comparison of Fruit Quality and Antioxidant Compound of 'Niitaka' Pear Trees Grown in the Organically and Conventionally Managed Systems (유기재배와 관행재배 된 배의 과실품질과 항산화 활성 비교)

  • Choi, Hyun-Sug;Li, Xiong;Kim, Wol-Soo;Lee, Youn
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.367-373
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    • 2010
  • The study was established to compare fruit qualities and antioxidant compounds in 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyriforia) trees grown in the organic and conventional farming systems. Fruits in the organic system appeared to have dark red color on the fruit surface. Fruit weight, soluble solids, acidity, firmness, and stone cells were not different between the farming systems. Organic fruits had a greater potassium concentration than the conventional fruits, but phosphorous, calcium, and magnesium concentrations in fruits were not different between the treatments. Peel, flesh, and juice parts in the organic fruits had greater phenolic compounds compared to the conventional fruits. Peel parts had much greater antioxidant compounds than the flesh parts, regardless of the treated-fruits. All fruits grown in the conventional and organic systems had a similar DPPH ($\alpha$, $\alpha$-diphenyl-$\beta$-picryl-hydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity in the peel, but flesh parts in organic fruits had a greater DPPH than the conventional fruits. Phenol and flavonoid compounds in the peel and flesh were positively related to the DPPH radical-scavenging activity. There were no significant differences for the nitrite scavenging activity in the peel and flesh parts between the treatments.

Comparison of the Physiological Activities of Extracts from Different Parts of Prunus sargentii (산벚나무 부위별 추출물의 생리활성 비교)

  • Yang, Sun-A;Cho, Joo-Hyun;Pyo, Byoung-Sik;Kim, Sun-Min;Lee, Kyoung-In
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2012
  • In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity, antioxidative activity and whitening effect of 75% ethanol extracts from different parts of Prunus sargentii. The total phenolic compound content of the branch extract was 277.92 mg/g as the highest level. In the measurement of DPPH radical scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the cork layer and branch extract were 26.79 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and 30.13 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. In nitric oxide (NO) scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the branch and leaf extract were 49.19 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and 55.55 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. All extracts exhibited higher NO scavenging ability than ascorbic acid used as positive control. On the other hand, in antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus by disc diffusion assay, the pure bark extract showed the highest activity. Moreover, tyrosinase inhibitory activity of cork layer, pure bark and branch extracts showed higher activity than arbutin used as positive control. In the cytotoxicity measurement by MTT assay, leaf extract was exhibited Raw 264.7 cell viabilities of 44.68~61.83% as cytotoxic result in tested concentration. In conclusion, the branch extract of Prunus sargentii will be a functional materials without damage compared to other parts such as pure bark or cork layer in the plant.

Development of a Multi-material Stereolithography System (다중재료 광조형장치 개발)

  • Kim, Ho-Chan;Choi, Jae-Won;Wicker, Ryan
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.135-141
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    • 2010
  • Researchers continue to explore possibilities for expanding additive manufacturing (AM) technologies into direct product manufacturing. One limitation is in the materials available for use in AM that can meet the needs of end-use applications. Stereolithography (SL) is an AM technology well known for its precision and high quality surface finish capabilities. SL builds parts by selectively crosslinking or solidifying photo-curable liquid resins, and the resin industry has been continuously developing new resins with improved performance characteristics. This paper introduces a unique SL machine that can fabricate parts out of multiple SL materials. The technology is based on using multiple vats positioned on a rotating vat carousel that contain different photo-curable materials. To change the material during the process, the build platform is raised out of the current vat, a new vat with a different material is rotated under the platform, and the platform is submerged into the new vat so that the new material can be used. This paper introduces a new vat exchange mechanism, cleaning process, recoating process, resin leveling mechanism and process planning technologies for the implementation of multiple material SL. An overview of the system framework is provided and the system integration and control software is described. In addition, several multiple material test parts are designed, fabricated, and described.

Computational Investigation of the Effect of UAV Engine Nozzle Configuration on Infrared Signature (무인항공기 노즐 형상 변화에 따른 IR 신호 영향성 연구)

  • Kang, Dong-Woo;Kim, June-Young;Myong, Rho-Shin;Kim, Won-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.41 no.10
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    • pp.779-787
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    • 2013
  • The effects of various nozzle configurations on infrared signature are investigated for the purpose of analysing the infrared signature level of aircraft propulsion system. A virtual subsonic aircraft is selected and then a circular convergent nozzle, which meets the mission requirements, is designed. Convergent nozzles of different configurations are designed with different geometric profiles. Using a compressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier CFD code, an analysis of thermal flow field and nozzle surface temperature distribution is conducted. From the information of plume flow field and nozzle surface temperature distribution, IR signature of plume and nozzle surface is calculated through the narrow-band model and the RadThermIR code. Finally, qualitative information for IR signature reduction is obtained through the analysis of the effects of various nozzle configurations on IR signature.

Identification the Key Odorants in Different Parts of Hyla Rabbit Meat via Solid Phase Microextraction Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

  • Xie, Yuejie;He, Zhifei;Lv, Jingzhi;Zhang, En;Li, Hongjun
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.719-728
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    • 2016
  • The aim of this study was to explore the volatile compounds of hind leg, foreleg, abdomen and Longissimus dorsi in both male and female Hyla rabbit meat by solid phase microextraction tandem with gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and to seek out the key odorants via calculating the odor activity value and principal component analysis. Cluster analysis is used to study the flavor pattern differences in four edible parts. Sixty three volatile compounds were detected, including 23 aldehydes, 4 alcohols, 5 ketones, 11 esters, 5 aromatics, 8 acids and 7 hydrocarbons. Among them, 6 aldehydes and 3 acids were identified as the potential key odorants according to the ratio of concentration and threshold. The contents of volatile compounds in male Hyla rabbit meat were significantly higher than those in female one (p<0.05). The results of principal component analysis showed that the first two principal component cumulative variance contributions reach 87.69%; Hexanal, octanal, 2-nonenal, 2-decenal and decanal were regard as the key odorants of Hyla rabbit meat by combining odor activity value and principal component analysis. Therefore volatile compounds of rabbit meat can be effectively characterized. Cluster analysis indicated that volatile chemical compounds of Longissimus dorsi were significantly different from other three parts, which provide reliable information for rabbit processing industry and for possible future sale.