• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2021

The examination using diagnostic x-ray equipment is one of the most useful diagnostic equipment for identifying information in the human body in diagnostic radiology. For this reason, the number of examinations has recently increased a lot. Increasing the number of examinations will accelerate the aging of the device. In addition, this makes them aware of the importance of quality control for the diagnostic x-ray device. Particularly, in a diagnostic x-ray device, quality control refers to an act of always maintaining a certain level of image quality by identifying and correcting all problems that may lead to reduction of the diagnosis area in advance. Therefore, this study summarizes and reports general information about quality control in examinations using diagnostic x-ray equipment.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2016

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an aggressive form of multiple myeloma where there is hematogenous spread of abnormal plasma cells into the periphery. This is opposed to multiple myeloma, where the abnormal plasma cells stay in the bone marrow. PCL is more common in males than females, and is also more common in African-Americans than Caucasians. Signs and symptoms of PCL include, but are not limited to, renal insufficiency, hypercalcemia, anemia, lytic bone lesions, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. Here, we discussed a case of a 71-year-old Caucasian female recently diagnosed with primary PCL with radiographic features of this disease throughout the body, with an emphasis on the maxillofacial skeleton and relevance from a dental standpoint.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.529-538
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• 2022

Objective: Since its introduction in 2011, the CT/MRI diagnostic Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) has been updated in 2014, 2017, and 2018. We evaluated the impact of CT/MRI diagnostic LI-RADS on liver MRI research methodology for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for original articles reporting the diagnostic performance of liver MRI for HCC between 2011 and 2019. The MRI techniques, image analysis methods, and diagnostic criteria for HCC used in each study were investigated. The studies were classified into three groups according to the year of publication (2011-2013, 2014-2016, and 2017-2019). We compared the percentage of studies adopting MRI techniques recommended by LI-RADS, image analysis methods in accordance with the lexicon defined in LI-RADS, and diagnostic criteria endorsed by LI-RADS. We compared the pooled sensitivity and specificity between studies that used the LI-RADS and those that did not. Results: This systematic review included 179 studies. The percentages of studies using imaging techniques recommended by LI-RADS were 77.8% for 2011-2013, 85.7% for 2014-2016, and 84.2% for 2017-2019, with no significant difference (p = 0.951). After the introduction of LI-RADS, the percentages of studies following the LI-RADS lexicon were 0.0%, 18.4%, and 56.6% in the respective periods (p < 0.001), while the percentages of studies using the LI-RADS diagnostic imaging criteria were 0.0%, 22.9%, and 60.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). Studies that did not use the LI-RADS and those that used the LIRADS version 2018 showed no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity (86.3% vs. 77.7%, p = 0.102 and 91.4% vs. 89.9%, p = 0.770, respectively), with some difference in heterogeneity (I² = 94.3% vs. 86.7% in sensitivity and I² = 86.6% vs. 53.2% in specificity). Conclusion: LI-RADS imparted significant changes in the image analysis methods and diagnostic criteria used in liver MRI research for the diagnosis of HCC.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 1999

To inquire its usefulness of the clinical application of intelligent replenishment system of automatic X-ray film processor based on film density, we processed the serial 300 sheets of radiographic film of chest [$14{\times}14"$, HR-C type] and bone [elbow & ankle($8{\times}10"$), skull($10{\times}12"$), hand & foot($11{\times}14"$), pelvis($14{\times}17"$), HR-G type, 68, 70, 77, 85 sheets respectively]. We analyzed the characteristic corves, relative speeds, average gradients and base plus fog densities every twenty five sheets. We also evaluated the developer and fixer replenishment volumes every that time. In the chest and bone radiograph two all, the characteristic curves were little change, and the relative speeds, average gradients and base plus fog densities were within the maximum control limits. The average developer replenishment volumes were about 43m1/sheet and 39m1/sheet respectively. It brings decreased results about 29% in comparison with the conventional replenishment system. In our experiences, we conclude that the intelligent replenishment system of automatic X-ray film processor based on film density maintains image quality consistently, decreases also the replenishment volumes. Therefore, this system will be resulted in economic and environmental effects, and solve problems of over and low replenishment volume.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 1988

8 patients of delayed CO sequelae were evaluated using Brain CT and $^{99m}Tc-HMPAO$ SPECT. The results were as follows; 1) CT findings of delayed CO sequleae were bilateral low density lesion in globus pallidus (l pt.), diffuse low density in white matter with bilateral low density in white matter (l pt.), diffuse low density in white matter with bilateral low density in globus pallidus (l pt.), diffuse low density in white matter with cortical atrophy (l pt.), bilateral low density in globus pallidus and diffuse low density in white matter with cortical atrophy (l pt.) and normal in 3 pts. 2) $^{99m}Tc-HMPAO$ Brain SPECT findings of delayed CO sequelae were decreased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in frontal (1 among 8 pts.), frontal and basal ganglia (3 among 8 pts.), and diffuse patch decreased rCBF pattern (4 among 8 pts.) 3) $^{99m}Tc-HMPAO$ Brain SPECT study was well correlated with neurologic symptoms and signs in delayed CO sequelae. Our results may suggest that reduced cerebral blood flow contributes to the development of delayed CO sequelae.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1992

Spontaneous pain and painful overreaction to external stimuli resulting from lesion confined central nervous system (CNS) were named as thalamic syndrome. Thalamic lesion and decreased regional cortical perfusion thought to the pathogenesis of thalamic syndrome due to decreased function of thalamocortical tract. We performed $^{99m}Tc-HMPAO$ regional cerebral perfusion in 10 patients with clinical diagnosis of thalamic syndrome due to thalamic lesion or near the thalamic lesion at Yonsei University Hospital, from January 1989 to August 1991. In contrast to five patients with lesions near the thalamus who did not show secondarily decreased perfusion at cerebral cortex, four among the five patients with thalamic lesions revealed decreased cortical perfusion in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex on brain SPECT. These phenomena may suggest the loss of afferent activating stimuli from the thalamus led to decreased neuronal activity and the followitng hypoperfusion of cerebral cortex, and might be one of the indirect signs for suggesting presence of the thalamocortical tract. A causal relationship between cortical hypoperfusion and neuropsychological deficit is strongly suggested.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 1993

$^{123}Iodine$-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) which is a norepinephrine analogue, can be used to evaluate the sympathetic innervation of the heart. In this study, cardiac imaging with $^{123}I-MIBG$ was performed in patients with 9 dilated cardiomyopathy, 2 ischemic cardiomyopathy and 1 acute myocardial infarction to evaluate the sympathetic nervous function. $^{123}I-MIBG$ imaging showed multifocal defects (8), diffuse defect (2), near non-visualization (2). The defects of MIBG scans were found to be larger and more severe on 4 hours image than 30 minutes. Heart to lung, heart to mediastinum ratios were decreased at 4 hours than those at 30 minutes. Measured LVEF values were not correlated with the severity of MIBG uptake. $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ imaging was also performed in all patients to find the relationship with $^{123}I-MIBG$ scan. $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ scan showed multifocal defects in 9 patients, diffuse defects in 1 patient and no defect in 2 patients. The defects are similar in size, severity and extent, but more larger and severe on $^{123}I-MIBG$ imaging. Therefore, cardiac $^{123}I-MIBG$ imaging is a useful method to evaluate the sympathetic nervous function in cardiomyopathy.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 1987

Computerization for the work of diagnostic radiology department is needed to manage the department efficiently, to deal with the information increasing gradually, and to provide qualified care for patients. There is few computerized management system for diagnostic radiology department in our country. Foreign systems were developed commercially and academically, but almost failed to meet the needs of demands. So in this paper, to help the exploitation of soft ware suitable for the information system of diagnostic radiology department of our country; 1) foreign systems were introduced. 2) Data flow of diagnositc radiology department was analysised by SSA method. 3) Composition of computer system centered on the functions of terminals was presented.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.901-910
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to assess the technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the safe triangular working zone (STWZ) approach applied in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) for spinal metastases involving the posterior part of the vertebral body. Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled 87 patients who underwent PV for spinal metastasis involving the posterior part of the vertebral body, with or without the STWZ approach, from January 2019 to April 2022. Forty-nine patients (27 females and 22 males; mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 57.2 ± 11.6 years; age range, 31-76 years) were included in group A (with STWZ approach), accounting for 54 vertebrae. Thirty-eight patients (18 females and 20 males; 59.1 ± 10.9 years; 29-81 years) were included in group B (without STWZ approach), accounting for 57 vertebrae. Patient demographics, procedure-related variables, and pain relief as assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) were collected at different time points. Tumor recurrence in the vertebrae after PV was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: The STWZ approach was successful from T1 to L5 without severe complications. Cement filling was satisfactory in 47/54 (87.0%) and 25/57 (43.9%) vertebrae in groups A and B, respectively (p < 0.001). Cement leakage was not significantly different between groups A and B (p = 1.000). Mean VAS score ± SD before and 1 week and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after PV were 7.6 ± 1.8, 4.2 ± 2.0, 2.7 ± 1.9, 1.9 ± 1.5, 1.7 ± 1.4, 1.7 ± 1.1, and 1.6 ± 1.3, respectively, in group A and 7.2 ± 1.7, 4.0 ± 1.3, 3.4 ± 1.6, 2.4 ± 1.2, 1.8 ± 1.0, 1.4 ± 0.5, and 1.7 ± 0.9, respectively, in group B. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a lower tumor recurrence rate in group A than in group B (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The STWZ approach may represent a new, safe, alternative/auxiliary approach to target the posterior part of the vertebral body in the PV for spinal metastases.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 2023