• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.94-98
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• 2021

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disease that occurs at less than 6 months of age and is presumably caused by a mutation in the gene that affects pancreatic beta-cell function. Approximately 80% of NDM cases reveal a known genetic mutation, and mutations in potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 11 (KCNJ11) and ABCC8 affecting the pancreatic beta-cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel may be treated with oral sulfonylurea. Early recognition of mutations in KCNJ11 and ABCC8 is important because early administration of sulfonylurea can not only control blood glucose levels but also improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. In the present study, we report a case of NDM that initially presented as diabetic ketoacidosis at the age of 1 month, accompanied by seizures during hospitalization. After confirmation of the KCNJ11 gene mutation (c.989A>C), we started administering oral sulfonylurea (glimepiride) at the age of 2 months. After gradually increasing the dosage of glimepiride, insulin was discontinued at the age of 3 months. To date, the infant's blood glucose levels have been well controlled without significant hypoglycemic events. No further episodes of seizures have occurred, and his developmental status is favorable.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.180-186
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• 2017

This study examined the prevalence of an impaired fasting glucose and related factors in normal non-diabetic adults. This study used the raw data (general characteristics, health behavior, obesity, impaired fasting glucose etc.) from the 6th Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the second year (2014), and out of all 7,550 survey participants, 1,341 were selected as the final research subjects. After stratifying according to obesity, a logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors related to an impaired fasting glucose level. The older subjects were more likely to have an impaired fasting glucose in both the obesity group and normal weight group (p<.001). The obesity group showed a higher impaired fasting glucose rate when they drank more alcohol (p<.05) and consumed less fruit (p<.05). Therefore, balanced nutrients and control of the blood sugar level through proper education and public health policies of fruit intake and alcohol are needed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.181-196
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• 2023

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity on impaired fasting glucose in adults aged 20 years or older. Methods : This study utilized raw data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination survey (2019~2021). The subjects of this study were 5,344 adults aged 20 years or older who were confirmed to be free of diabetes. The control variables in this study model are health behavior characteristics (subjective health status, smoking, drinking), anthropometric characteristics (body mass index), and personal background characteristics (gender, age, income level, education level, marital status). As for the analysis method, the degree of physical activity was made into a dummy variable, and a probit model was used. Results : As a result of this study, compared to quartile 1 of the relative grip strength value obtained by dividing the grip strength by the body mass index (body mass index, kg, m²), fasting blood glucose levels were significantly higher in quartile 2 (.05, p<.01), quartile 3 (.04, p<.01), and quartile 4 (.04, p<.01). It was found that the probability of belonging to the normal category was higher than that of impaired fasting glucose. In addition, in the group of adults aged 20 or older who had a lot of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity, fasting blood sugar was more likely to be in the normal category. Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, it was suggested that diabetes should be managed through physical activity in the pre-diabetic stage, as prevention is important as well as treatment. From a practical point of view, muscle strength, such as grip strength, can be identified as a reliable indicator for identifying impaired fasting glucose.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.290-297
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare dental health status of South Korean adults, according to the control protocol of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). From the measurements of HbA1c levels of 4,991 individuals over the age of 19 who participated in the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the following conclusions were obtained. Glycated hemoglobin was 7.2% in the HbA1c ${\geq}6.6$ diabetic group and 5.9% in women and 8.5% in men. The ratio in the glucose non-control group was higher in the older age group, the lower average monthly household income group, and the lower education level group. Both the tissue health index and functioning teeth index indices were slightly higher in both men and women in the glucose control group. The tissue health index was higher in the younger age group, in the higher average monthly household income group, and in the higher education level group. The missing teeth (MT) index was greater among women (3.775 pieces) than among men (2.317 pieces) in the glucose non-control group. Higher age correlated with a greater number of MT, while higher income and education levels correlated with a lower number of MT. In conclusion, we will continue to provide counseling and education on oral health problems, thereby widening the awareness of the importance of oral health care and providing a variety of media and education methods related to medical and oral health that can manage diabetic patients according to the level of HbA1c It should be developed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.297-306
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase globally. Changes in eating habits, lack of exercise, increased stress, and aging are major contributors. Glycemic control is the key strategy of diabetes management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the utilization of nutrition labels and related factors among patients with diabetes. MATERIALS/METHODS: Data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. General, health-related, diabetes-related characteristics from 1,587 adults with diabetes history were included. Nutrition label utilization was assessed with awareness and use of nutrition labels and effects on food choice. For statistical analyses, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of awareness, use, and effects of nutrition labels on food choice among diabetic patients were 48.8%, 11.4%, and 9.6%, respectively. High monthly income, walking frequency, family history of diabetes, younger age at diagnosis, and shorter duration of diabetes were associated with higher nutrition label awareness. Nutrition label use and effect on food choice were higher in women, those with high monthly income, those diagnosed at younger than 45 yrs, those with diabetes for less than 10 yrs, those with meal therapy, or patients who had undergone a fundus examination. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition label utilization status was low in Korean patients with diabetes. Strategies are needed to promote nutrition label use as a diet management tool for patients with diabetes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1139-1146
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of Meles meles oil as an functional resource. To assess the effects of Meles meles oil in 25 non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) persons, we examined changes of fat intake level, hematological and chemical variables, serum DM indices and lipid contents during the Meles meles oil supplementation. Polyunsaturated fatty acid and $\omega$3 fatty acid intake were significantly increased by Meles meles oil intakes. The levels of LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly decreased while HDL-cholesterol was significantly increased. Iron status improved during Meles meles oil intakes. These results show that modest dose of Meles meles oil supplementation can decrease serum triglyceride, cholesterol level without any changes in blood glucose level in NIDDM patients. These results indicated that Meles meles oil diet is effective therapeutic regimen for the control of metabolic derangements in diabetes mellitus. Also, these results imply that Meles meles oil can be used as possible food resources and functional food materials. However, large amounts of Meles meles oil should be used cautiously in NIDDM patients.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.806-813
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• 2013

Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. is a medicinal plant with anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic activities. However, few studies of the anti-diabetic effect of A. pilosa on insulin resistance status have been performed. In the present study, the anti-diabetic effect of A. pilosa water extract (AP) was determined by investigating its ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory property, glucose utilization, and uptake, as well as insulin resistance mechanism of action in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Compared to positive control (acarbose), AP ($10mg/m{\ell}$) showed a similar ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory capacity. Glucose uptake was significantly increased by $1{\mu}m$ insulin treatment (p<0.05). However, palmitic acid (FFA, 1 mM) induced muscle insulin resistance and glucose uptake dysfunction. On the other hand, AP ($10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) was capable of reversing the FFA-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. Compared to control, AP ($100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ without insulin) significantly increased the utilization of glucose (p<0.05) in C2Cl2 myotubes cultured in normal glucose (7 mM). AP treatment significantly increased the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of Akt. In particular, the effect of A. pilosa on the insulin signaling system is associated with the up-regulation of Akt genes and glucose uptake in C2Cl2 myotubes. These results suggest that A. pilosa is useful in the prevention of diabetes and the treatment of hyperglycemic disorders.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1087-1102
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• 1999

Diabetes mellitus, a universal and prevalent chronic disease, is projected to be one of the most formidable worldwide health problems in the 21st century. For those living with diabetes, there is a need for self-care skills to manage a complex medical regimen. Self-efficacy which refers to one's belief in his/her capability to monitor and perform the daily activities required to manage diabetes has be found to be related to self-care. The concept of self-efficacy comes from social cognitive theory which maintains that cognitive mechanism mediate the performance of behavior. The literature cites several research studies which show a strong relationship between self-efficacy and self-care behavior. Meta-analysis is a technique that enables systematic review and quantitative integration of the results from multiple primary studies that are relevant to a particular research question. Therefore, this study was done using meta-analysis to quantitatively integrate the results of independent research studies to obtain numerical estimates of the overall effect of a self-efficacy with diabetic patient on self-care behaviors. The research proceeded in three stages : 1) literature search and retrieval of studies in which self-efficacy was related to self-care, 2) coding, and 3) calculation of mean effect size and data analysis. Seventeen studies which met the research criteria included study population of adults with diabetes, measures of self-care and measures of self-efficacy as a predictive variable. Computation of effect size was done on DSTAT which is a statistical computer program specifically designed for meta-analysis. To determine the effect of self-efficacy on self-care practice homogeneity tests were conducted. Pooled effect size estimates, to determine the best subvariable for composite variables, metabolic control variables and component of self-efficacy and self-care, indicated that the effect of self-efficacy composite on self-care composite was moderate to large. The weighted mean effect size of self-efficacy composite and self-care composite were ＋.76 and the confidence interval was from ＋.66 to ＋.86 with the number of subjects being 1,545. The total for this meta-analysis result showed that the weighted mean effect sizes ranged from ＋.70 to ＋1.81 which indicates a large effect. But since reliabilities of the instruments in the primary studies were low or not stated, caution must be applied in unconditionally accepting the results from these effect sizes. Meta-analysis is a useful took for clarifying the status of knowledge development and guiding decision making about future research and this study confirmed that there is a relationship between self-efficacy and self-care in patients with diabetes. It, thus, provides support for nurses to promote self-efficacy in their patients. While most of the studies included in this meta-analysis used social cognitive theory as a framework for the study, some studies use Fishbein & Ajzen's attitude model as a model for active self-care. Future research is needed to more fully define the concept of self-care and to determine what it is that makes patients feel competent in their self-care activities. The results of this study showed that self-efficacy can promote self-care. Future research is needed with experimental design to determine nursing interventions that will increase self-efficacy.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density and remaining teeth in Korean adults. Methods: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) 5th Year 1(2010), 1,985 adults over 50 years old having bone mineral density test were selected. Male adults were 883, and female adults were 1,102. The raw data consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, bone density data, and oral examination data. The questionnaire consisted of general health survey, laboratory examination study, and nutrition study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program for multiple regression analysis, ANOVA, t-test. The variables included general characteristics of the subjects, health behavior, diet habit, and oral health behavior. General characteristics consisted of gender, age, residence area, education level, marital status, monthly income, and vocation. Health behavior consisted of smoking, alcohol drinking, body mass index(BMI), physical activity, and mental health. Diet habit consisted of frequency of meal, milk, coffee, and calcium ingestion. Oral health behavior consisted of frequency of tooth brushing, use of oral health care devices, and oral examination. Systemic diseases were measured by the questionnaire for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. Bone density was measured in T-score of femoral bone, neck of femur, and lumbar vertebrae. Bone density was classified into normal($T-score{\geq}-1.0$), osteopenia(-2.5 < T-score < -1.0), and osteoporosis ($T-score{\leq}-2.5$). The remaining teeth were measured by the differences between normal teeth and missing teeth. Results: Smoking and age are the most influencing factors on the number of remaining teeth and bone density(p<0.01)(p<0.05). Those who had higher bone density, younger age, and nonsmoker significantly had more remaining teeth. Those who were men, diabetic, lowly educated women, and low birth weighted persons tended to have less number of teeth(p<0.01). Conclusions: The study suggested that there were significant differences between men and women according to the oral health management behavior and systemic disease control. Proper management of the oral health and good quality of bone mineral density can reserve the remaining teeth through the whole life.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.571-577
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• 2009

This research basically work on oral health condition of the diabetes patients with data from 2006 National oral Health Survey. Based on this data, this research will provide basic materials about developing program with necessity of Recognition and education of the oral health condition. Analysis with using SPSSWIN 12.0 makes some results on the below. First, Existence and nonexistence based on age division shows result that over 70 years old gets 39.8%, which is highest percentage(p<0.05). Second, In existence and nonexistence based on sex distinction and age division, Women gets higher percentage (60.8%) than percentage of the men (39.2%). Third. Both diabetes patient and control group answered 'unhealthy' about subjective recognition of the oral health condition. Forth, percentage of caries on permanent tooth 12 92.0% for diabetes patient (p<0.05). Fifth, Answer about periodontal structure of diabetes patient is 88.9% of blooding periodontal structure(p<0.05). Sixth, Result of the demand of caries and periodontal structure treatment from diabetes patients show that diabetes patient does not feel necessity about treatment although they gets hardship of chewing. Also, it does not show any statistical difference. Seventh, Results of the oral health practice based on demographic characteristics are eating snack(highest answer). Latest visiting dental hospital before 1 year ago, or long before this. Frequencies of brushing tooth are less than 3 times. Also, il does not show any statistical difference.