• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 2024

Background: The Korea Risk Information Surveillance System (K-RISS) was developed to enable the early detection of food and drug safety-related issues. Its goal is to deliver real-time risk indicators generated from ongoing food and drug risk monitoring. However, the existing K-RISS system suffers under several limitations. Objectives: This study aims to augment K-RISS with more detailed indicators and establish a severity standard that takes into account structural changes in the daily time series of K-RISS values. Methods: First, a Delphi survey was conducted to derive the required weights. Second, a control chart, commonly used in statistical process controls, was utilized to detect outliers and establish caution, attention, and serious levels for K-RISS values. Furthermore, Bai and Perron's method was employed to determine structural changes in K-RISS time series. Results: The study incorporated 'closeness to life' and 'sustainability' indicators into K-RISS. It obtained the necessary weights through a survey of experts for integrating variables, combining indicators by data source, and aggregating sub K-RISS values. We defined caution, attention, and serious levels for both average and maximum values of daily K-RISS. Furthermore, when structural changes were detected, leading to significant variations in daily K-RISS values according to different periods, the study systematically verified these changes and derived respective severity levels for each period. Conclusions: This study enhances the existing K-RISS system and introduces more advanced indicators. K-RISS is now more comprehensively equipped to serve as a risk warning index. The study has paved the way for an objective determination of whether the food safety risk index surpasses predefined thresholds through the application of severity levels.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.50-62
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to develop scale of test taker to affect on process of selection of college. The study procedures were performed as follow : establish of study model, item generation, verification of content validity, 1st and 2nd pilot test and verification of construct validity and reliability. In order to verification of validity and reliability, 230 freshman were surveyed and the data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, skewness. kurtosis, Pearson correlation, Verimax factor analysis and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. As result of factor analysis, the 15 factors(61 items) that explain 68.37% of the total variance were extracted and each factors were classified by attribution as follow : Information collection-mass media(4items), college activity (3items), support and environment(4items), education(5items), Influential person on decision making(3items), education quality(4items), education service(5items), reputation(3items), accessibility(2items), personal circumstances(2items), college's mass media(5items), promotion (4items), on-line(4items), person's PR (3items), College image(10items). Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of total items was 0.916 and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of each factors were showed range between 0.694~0.878. Measurement scale of this study may be utilized to collect basic data be required to establish policy strategy of local college be faced with difficulty of admission recruitment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5939-5946
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• 2013

The bridge approach slabs (BAS) to provide a transitional roadway between a roadway pavement and a bridge structure have not performed adequately due to various factors. The current Korean Roadway Design Guidelines treat the BAS as a simply supported beam with 70% of the span length and do not consider settlement and void development underneath the slab. To investigate the effect of soil settlements on the bending moment of BAS, a beam on elastic support (BAS-ES) was used in the present study. The parameters used in this study were span length, washout length, washout location, and soil modulus. It was shown from the parametric study that washout regions closer to the midspan exhibit maximum moment in the slab. Since voids under the BAS have typically been observed to be closer to bridge abutments, the springs from the abutment were removed to simulate settlement and void development in the model. The design moments based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications were compared to those of Korean Standard Specifications for Highway Bridge and Design Trucks for Highway Bridges. Even if the design moment from BAS-ES was used to incorporate the effect of the potential washout, significant savings could still be achieved compared to the current BAS design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1182-1187
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• 2005

This study was designed to investigate the supplementary effects of Lentinus edodes which were harvested at different time period and part on acetylcholine content and its related enzyme activities in the brain of diabetic mouse model (KK mouse). We fed mice with standard diet (Control diet; CON) or 4 different kinds of experimental diets (DGC: on time harvested, cap of Dong Go; DGS: on time harvested, stipe of Dong Go; HSC: late harvested, cap of Hyang Sin: HSS: late harvested, stipe of Hyang Sin) to KK mouse for 8 weeks. Neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine contents, acetylcholinesterase activities, monoamine oxidase-B ac-tivities and lipid peroxide contents in the brain were measured. The results showed that acetylcholine content was significantly higher in DGC and HSC groups than CON group. The activities of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B enzyme were significantly inhibited in the brain of DGC and HSC groups compared with CON group. Lipid peroxide content was lower in DGC group than CON group. These results suggested that the cap of Lentinus edodes which were harvested on time and late time contain increased acetylcholine content and decreased acetylcholinesterase activities, monoamine oxidase-B activities and lipid peroxide contents. Thus the cap of Lentinus edodes which were harvested at different time periods may play an effective role in enhancing cognitive function.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 2006

Nowadays, most enterprises have introduced both EA methodology to optimize an entire enterprise and CBD methodology to improve a software reusability. The Korea Government not only have developed many EA guiding products such as EA framework, Reference Model, Guideline, etc. but also have instituted a law to optimize a government-wide enterprise. The Minister of National Defense(MND) have developed the MND-AF as a standard methodology for EA and the ADDMe as a standard methodology for CBD. But it is possible to develop products of WD-AF and ADDMe redundantly because the process of MND-AF and ADDMe is not quitely aligned. The purpose of this paper is to present a scheme that ADDMe can reuse the artifacts of MND-AF by analyzing the relationships between two processes. In order to identify the relationships between two processes, we first identify the relation of a 'definition' part of two processes and then identify the relation of an 'attribute' part based on the relation of a 'detailed definition' part. As a result we found that 113 attributes of MND-AF are related to 49 attributes of ADDMe. Therefore the proposed study will decrease the development cost and time and will be a good example for aligning the process of EA and CBD methodology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.639-645
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the management efficiency of oak mushroom farms in Korea using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is one of the non-parametric estimation methods. The data that was analyzed in this study was from the result of 2013 survey entitled "Standard Diagnostic Table for Oak Mushroom Management", which was conducted from March 2012 to October 2012. This survey was based on the inputs and outputs of 20 oak mushroom farms. Specifically, this study analyzed the technical efficiency, pure-technical efficiency and scale efficiency using CCR and BCC model of the DEA methods. Furthermore, this study compares the management efficiency between the full time oak mushroom production farms and part time oak mushroom production farms. Results showed that mean value for the technical efficiency was 0.655 which is considered as inefficient in general. For the pure-technical efficiency and scale efficiency, the mean values were 0.830 and 0.747, respectively which showed that inefficiency in the management was observed in the mushroom farms. Results also showed that there were seven farms with a total efficiency of 1, namely Decision Making Unit(DMU)2, DMU5, DMU6, DMU8, DMU10, DMU15 and DMU20. The management efficiency of DMU7 specifically the inputs for production was analyzed and compared to DMU5 and DMU6 and results showed that the DMU7 had an excessive inoculation and site development cost. Lastly, it was also observed that the full time mushroom production farms were more efficient as compared to the part time mushroom farms because of the lower scale efficiency value or smaller area for mushroom production allotted in the part time farms.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.49-58
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• 2010

The traffic signal controllers being used in the domestic currently are being manufactured based on the korean national police standard which was developed for controlling the quad-light traffic signal having the red, yellow, left-turn arrow, and green lights. But according to the national policy for the traffic operation, they have to be changed to be able to switch the tri-light signal having red, yellow and green lights. In this study, a new tri-light traffic signal controller was designed and developed by the way improving the Signal Control Unit of the existing quad-light standard traffic controller. The Load Signal Unit(LSU) was improved to output 6 signals which are the two assemblies of three signal indications having the red, yellow, and green lights. To enough traffic signals output to control each directional movements and the various transport modes which are car, bus, bike, and pedestrian etc., the connector bus system was designed to be able to accommodate maximum 96 signals outputs being constructed by 16 LSUs. Flasher device was developed to be able to support maximum 32 red signals. In the software, the communication protocol between traffic control center and the traffic signal controller was improved and new signal map code values were defined for the developed LSU controlling the quad-light traffic signal. A model of the quad-light traffic signal controller developed and was tested three operations, protocol-operation, remote-command and control-mode. The test result operated all of them successfully.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1215-1221
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• 2016

The prediction of carcass composition in Hanwoo steers is very important for value-based marketing, and the improvement of prediction accuracy and precision can be achieved through the analyses of independent variables using a prediction equation with a sufficient dataset. The present study was conducted to develop a prediction equation for Hanwoo carcass composition for which data was collected from 7,907 Hanwoo steers raised at a private farm in Gangwon Province, South Korea, and slaughtered in the period between January 2009 and September 2014. Carcass traits such as carcass weight (CWT), back fat thickness (BFT), eye-muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MAR) were used as independent variables for the development of a prediction equation for carcass composition, such as retail cut weight and percentage (RC, and %RC, respectively), trimmed fat weight and percentage (FAT, and %FAT, respectively), and separated bone weight and percentage (BONE, and %BONE), and its feasibility for practical use was evaluated using the estimated retail yield percentage (ELP) currently used in Korea. The equations were functions of all the variables, and the significance was estimated via stepwise regression analyses. Further, the model equations were verified by means of the residual standard deviation and the coefficient of determination ($R^2$) between the predicted and observed values. As the results of stepwise analyses, CWT was the most important single variable in the equation for RC and FAT, and BFT was the most important variable for the equation of %RC and %FAT. The precision and accuracy of three variable equation consisting CWT, BFT, and EMA were very similar to those of four variable equation that included all for independent variables (CWT, BFT, EMA, and MAR) in RC and FAT, while the three variable equations provided a more accurate prediction for %RC. Consequently, the three-variable equation might be more appropriate for practical use than the four-variable equation based on its easy and cost-effective measurement. However, a relatively high average difference for the ELP in absolute value implies a revision of the official equation may be required, although the current official equation for predicting RC with three variables is still valid.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.20 no.3 s.27
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• pp.425-441
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• 2006

Entering upon 21th, the internet which bring the digital era, are changing the paradigm of education and cultivating creative and challenging person, which is the core of competitive power in knowledge-information society, is more emphasized than ever. To meet the needs of the present times, it has been concentrating its effort to improve learning-environment using e-Learning in the field of teaching. E-schoolbooks that were introduced recently by way of showing an example are representative case of this intention. Though many e-learning contents are being developed, the more speedily a society grow, the shorter the life of contents are. Moreover, the contents developed are impossible to use directly for tele-education system, so standard types adjusted for various kind of system are showing up. Among them the leading standard type is SCORM(Sharable Content Object Reference Medel) made in ADL(Advanced Distributed Learning) Corporation. The KERIS' Cyber Home Education System adopted this and is using it. So, in this study, we set the goal at designing and developing an e-learning contents and an experiment-focused mathematics that suit the KERIS' Cyber Home Education System on the basis of SCORM.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.49-69
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• 1997

The urgent needs to establish hospice care systems in Korea arise from the following reasons: 0) a drastic increase in chronically ill patients with the increase of aged population: (2) rapid changes in living environment from the traditional habitation (e. g., Many Koreans living in apartment complexes, which is the most popular form of modern residence in recent years, prefer to die in the hospital.): the overall increase in patients with advanced cancer: (4) recent trends in early discharge of terminally ill patients from the limited hospital facilities to accomodate other medical insurance beneficiaries; (5) easy acceptance of euthanasia owing to the recent social atmosphere that belittles the dignity of human life; (6) medical and nursing care of AIDS patient in terminal stage; (7) and the problem associated with inhumane medical care system, overtreatment, and groundless fears against narcotics. Terminally ill patients were used to be treated in the hospital in the past. In these days, however, they are forced to have home cares with little assistance from the qualified medical personnel because of insufficient hospital facilities, which are even short for the need of emergency patients and provide priority cares to medical insurance beneficiaries with other acute problems. And yet, neither are there any administrative organizations nor systematic medical studies that deal with the level of terminally ill patient's need, their family's problems and resources of hospice care systems in Korea. Thus, most patients are not able to get appropriate medical care at the terminal stage of their lives. The objective of this study is to make comprehensive database for various hospice care organization currently in operation, link them through medical information system, and develop an easily accessible hospice care model that meets the need of most Korean people. Our survey results may be summarized as follows: Nationally there are 40 organizations that provide partial or full hospice care. However, these organizations are not linked to any formal medical service network. Furthermore, the objective of hospice care, care principles, personnel with appropriate training, educational programs, standard for care, costs, consulting service to patients' family members, the extent of medical care from professional staff members, status of hospice facility, and management of those institutions are neither clearly defined nor organized compared to the international hospice care standards. The surveys on patients of terminal stage. grouped in hospice and non-hospice care patients. reveal what they want visiting nursing care to help their pain control. psychological. social and spiritual demands. While the more than 90% of hospice care patients want to reduce their pains. the non-hospice care patients. in addition to their desire for pain control. demanded more psychological. social and spiritual helps as well. The results of this research could be utilized to 0) define the standard of hospice care. (2) provide the guidance for hospice medical care costs. (3) establish the database of hospice care systems. (4) develop softwares. (5) build communication network through Medinet. and (6) provide an organized visiting home nursing care system. These information should be a valuable resource to many medical staffs who are involved in cancer therapy. nursing care. and social welfare programs.