• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.571-578
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of psychomotor by the emotional behavior disorder children(ADHD) on the improvement of Self-esteem, Depression or Hyperactivity. From the results, there was no significant difference of the main effect between groups about the improvement of Self-esteem, Depression but that of Hyperactivity. About Self-esteem, Depression, Hyperactivity, there was significant difference of the main effect between prior and post and significant difference of the interaction effects between groups and periods. In conclusion, we can know psychomotor program have a positive effect on the improvement of Self-esteem, Depression or Hyperactivity for emotional behavior disorder children(ADHD). Considering that psychomotor, regarding convergence, may have a positive effect on the ADHD children's emotional development, not only motion development, we suggest the emotional behavior disorder children(ADHD) may have to continue to participate in the Psychomotor Activities.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.160-172
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• 2005

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in child psychiatry. The etiology or ADHD is not completely understood, but involved in genetical and/or neurocognitive deficits. This article reviews the current state of the literature pertaining to the neurodevelopmental aspects of ADHD. Although the neurodevelopment of ADHD remains unclear, emerging evidence documents its genetic and neurobiologic underpinnings. A pathophysiology of ADHD has not been fully characterized, although genetic, neurobiologic, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological studies of ADHD consistently implicates dysfunction in the fronto-subcortical network and abnormality in the dopaminergic and noradnergic systems. Furthermore some suggests that the timing of aberrant brain development in ADHD could be in early gestation and genetic and/or early environmental influences on brain development in ADHD are fixed, nonprogressive. Although many studies provide evidences for the important or psychosocial or environmental adversities in ADHD, they may be not specific predictors of ADHD but nonspecific triggers of an underlying predisposition or modifiers of the course of disorder.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.269-276
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• 2013

This study was aimed of the effects of the Parent's Gestalt Speech Intervention for stuttering development of Fluency disorder Child. The Parent's Gestalt Speech Intervention was made up of a program understand phase, an awareness phase, a change phase and, finally, an arrangement and termination phase. The subjects 6 (female 2, male 4) of this research were developed a stuttering behavior without any apparent neurological damage or other speech or developmental impediments. To access their stuttering behaviors, I used methods for observing levels of behavioral in each phase. The results of the study are as follows: In regard to stuttering behavior, word repetition frequency decreased in the interim assessments, showing that the learning of fluent speech was acquired early in the therapy process. In conclusion, the results of the study show that Parent's Gestalt Speech Intervention for stuttering development of Fluency disorder Child.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.305-318
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a newly developed instructional coaching program regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) for teachers. Methods: Seventy teachers participated in this study involving a nonequivalent control group and a pretest-posttest design. The instructional coaching program consisted of eight 60-minute sessions. The program was developed through a theoretical development program involving six steps. To evaluate the effects of the program, data were collected through self-report questionnaires including the Knowledge Scale of Attention Deficit Disorder, Attitude Scale of Primary School Teachers Experiencing Students with ADHD, Practice Scale of Educational Intervention Activity, and the Korean ADHD Rating Scale. Data were analyzed with an independent t test, a chi-square test, and an ANCOVA using SPSS WIN version 20. Results: The intervention program consisted of 3 sectors, 8 subjects, and 24 content items. The experimental group showed a significant improvement in attitudes toward ADHD (F=22.83, p<.001). In addition, teacher's knowledge regarding ADHD (F=7.16, p=.010) and the implementation of instructional interventions (F=4.29, p=.043) improved. Further, teachers reported a reduction in children's ADHD-related behavior (F=4.34, p=.041). Results showed that the coaching program made a positive contribution to teaching skills and understanding of school-age children with ADHD. Conclusion: The instructional coaching program was well structured and significantly improved not only teachers'attitudes, knowledge, and teaching skills but also the behavior of children with ADHD in class. Therefore, the program is recommended as a means of facilitating teaching and managing children with ADHD in class.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.118-127
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• 2014

Along with language, socialization is a unique feature of the human being. There is a continuous debate regarding whether the development of socialization is innate, and conducted by the environment in the growing process, or the result of the interaction of both aspects. If socialization is the result of the interaction with the environment or is an acquired developmental process, the following question rises. "Is there a 'critical period' for the development of socialization?" Although there are a huge number of studies seeking for treatment and solutions for developmental delay or deficits of socialization, it is very complicated question to answer. Historical figures such as 'Hugh Blair' of Borgue in England, and 'the wild boy of Aveyron' in France, seem to have innate socialization deficits. Nowadays patients with non-verbal learning disorder, social communication disorder, or autism spectrum disorder seem to have genetic defects. On the other hand, Harry Harlow's monkey experiments, hikikomori of Japan, Romanian orphans and patients with reactive attachment disorder seem to display social deficits due to environmental factors. However, it is not easy to clearly draw a line between innate or acquired factors. Therefore, rather than subdividing the diseases for etiological and pathophysiological approach to heterogenous groups with the common denominator of social deficit, and for the research of pathophysiology and treatment development, the authors suggest a comprehensive concept of "social dysfunction spectrum."

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined degrees of irrational parenthood cognition, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), spousal support, and quality of life and investigated factors that influence the quality of life of infertile women. Methods: Research design was a cross sectional correlational survey with a total of 113 female patients receiving treatment for infertility. Data were collected from August 1 to November 30, 2015. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of the quality of life was $59.0{\pm}14.8$. The quality of life was significantly associated with irrational parenthood cognition (r=-.70), post traumatic stress disorder (r=-.65), and spousal support (r=.56). The factors significantly affecting the quality of life in infertile women were irrational parenthood cognition (${\beta}=-.45$), post traumatic stress disorder (${\beta}=-.34$), and spousal support (${\beta}=-.32$). The explained variance by these factors was 70.4%, and the regression model was valid (F=89.81, p<.001). Conclusion: This study may contribute to the development of nursing intervention program to improve the quality of life of infertile women.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.192-196
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• 2017

Social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SCD) is a new diagnosis included under communication disorders in the neurodevelopmental disorders section of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. SCD is defined as a primary deficit in the social use of nonverbal and verbal communication. SCD has very much in common with pragmatic language impairment, which is characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in context and following the social rules of language, despite relative strengths in word knowledge and grammar. SCD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are similar in that they both involve deficits in social communication skills, however individuals with SCD do not demonstrate restricted interests, repetitive behaviors, insistence on sameness, or sensory abnormalities. It is essential to rule out a diagnosis of ASD by verifying the lack of these additional symptoms, current or past. The criteria for SCD are qualitatively different from those of ASD and are not equivalent to those of mild ASD. It is clinically important that SCD should be differentiated from high-functioning ASD (such as Asperger syndrome) and nonverbal learning disabilities. The ultimate goals are the refinement of the conceptualization, development and validation of assessment tools and interventions, and obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the shared and unique etiologic factors for SCD in relation to those of other neurodevelopmental disorders.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.28-42
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Tuina treatment for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and to propose guidance to future studies or application in clinical setting. Methods The articles published from year 2000 to May 2021 by China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched by setting up field as '中醫學', '中藥', '中西醫結合' and by setting up keyword as '小儿自閉症', '儿童自閉症', '自閉症譜系障碍', 'Autism', 'Autism spectrum disorder' that corresponds to participant and '推拿', '導引', '按摩', 'Tuina', 'massage'. Results Nine selected articles were analyzed and summarized by authors and year published, characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods and contents, treatment duration, evaluation criteria and results of the study. The articles were also reviewed by reported side effects, and evaluated the quality of the study according to Cochrane Handbook's Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) assessment of the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) articles. All studies used Tuina treatment to achieve effective results for pediatric autism spectrum disorder. Conclusion Pediatric Tuina treatment (TM) is a non-invasive treatment that does not stimulate patients with unstable ASD but increase patient adherence, and can be safely and simply operated. Therefore, pediatric Tuina treatment is worth utilizing as a clinical basis for further development of ASD treatment.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.306-319
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to find correlations between gastrointestinal disorders, pain, sleep disorder, fatigue, and to figure out characteristics of fatigue in Sasang Constitution using medical devices data. Methods Sixty three subjects were divided into fatigue group and non-fatigue group, both groups had to undergo blood tests, questionnaire, Sasang constitutional analysis tool (SCAT), pulse wave analyzer examination, heart rate variability examination, nail fold capillary microscopic examination. Results 1) The results of questionnaire about fatigue, gastrointestinal disorder, pain, sleep disorder, quality of life had significant differences between fatigue and non-fatigue groups. 2) Soeumin had more serious gastrointestinal problem and Soyangin had more serious sleep disorder in fatigue groups than non-fatigue groups. 3) According to blood test results, there was no difference between fatigue and non-fatigue groups. 4) Elastic parameter of pulse wave analyzer and nail fold capillary microscopic examination showed significant differences between fatigue and non-fatigue groups in Soyangin. Conclusions We reach the conclusion that fatigue is usually accompanied by gastrointestinal disorder, pain, sleep disorder, deterioration in the quality of life. In Soeumin, treating gastrointestinal disorders can be helpful for treatment of fatigue. In Soyangin, improving sleep disorder may be more effective way to treat fatigue.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 2007

Most of information and communication assistance machinery and tools for disorder people of Occupied are machinery and tools for a visual impairment person and software, The things which can apply to only a specification disorder type and a specification disorder part are most, A special keyboard or a special mouse device of the handicapped person that disorder rank is comparatively the hardness makes the mainstream. It is reported in diffusion rate being very low if I compare this with total disorder population. I study new 1 plan which it can be applied to various disorder types and disorder parts through an intelligent special input device in a study of a book and, I designed this at the real standard that I could manufacture and incarnated it. In addition, I suggested this in a base for a design of a universal supporting input device and suggestion for the side of incarnation plan and a future study direction.