• Computers and Concrete
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.21-35
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) on the shear strengths of deep beams with web openings. A total of 18 high-strength concrete deep beams with web openings were tested. Twelve were externally wrapped with four layers of CFRP, six of them strengthened in the horizontal direction and the others in the vertical direction. The parameters of the configuration of CFRP, the sizes of the openings and the locations of the openings were covered in this study. The test results indicates the shear strengths of deep beams with openings sized $60{\times}40mm$ were about 16% higher than that with openings sized $68{\times}68mm$. For deep beams with openings sized $60{\times}40mm$, the lower the locations of openings the higher the shear strengths were. The test results also indicate the shear strengths of deep beams with web openings strengthened by CFRP wrapped in the vertical direction can be enhanced by about 10%. However, the shear strengths of deep beams with web openings strengthened by CFRP wrapped in the horizontal direction can only be enhanced by about 6%. The shear strengths of deep beam, with different size and location of web openings and strengthened by different configuration of CFRP can be reasonably predicted by the empirical formulas of Kong and Sharp.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.37-50
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to present basic data that can express beautiful silhouette by studying visual effect that depend on waist position of basic pants and the change of round belt width and analyzing the study of visual effect of the pattern design as well as the effect of design component. The stimuli are 21 samples: 7 variations of the location of the waistline and 3 variations of the width of the belt. The data has been obtained from 35 fashion design majors. The data has analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, anova, scheffe's test and the MCA method. The visual effects by the location of waistline and the width of belt are composed of 3 factors : horizontal direction factor, vertical direction factor and flexuosity factor. In these factors, horizontal factor is estimated by most important factor. Visual effect is positive when belt width widens as the location of waist line goes down to position of low belt. And in case the location of waist line is in the position of natural waist belt and low rise belt, belt of 3.2cm width is effective visually. The interaction effects between the location of the waistline and the width of the belt have significant differences in all factors. Factor that appears in visual effect of basic pants can be evaluated differently according to pattern of pants and characteristic of body shape. So we may receive better visual assessment if we consider the location of waist belt and width of belt in side of visual effect and image, when we produce pants giving variety to crotch depth.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.952-960
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• 2018

Recently, lots of remote sensing satellite require agility to collect more images within the limited time frame. To satisfy this kind of mission requirement, high torque actuator such as CMG is an essential element. In this study, 5Nm class small CMG developed by KARI is introduced to implement for an agile small satellite design. One of the singularity escape CMG steering law, Designated Direction Escape (DDE) method, which is a sort of modified version of Singular Direction Avoidance (SDA) method is summarized for its application on the numerical simulation of agile attitude control system design result. The performance of DDE method is demonstrated properly by escaping well known elliptic internal singularity successfully. 5Nm class small CMG cluster in a pyramid type as well as a roof type configuration is utilized to perform the numerical simulation and to demonstrate its agility design result for a small satellite. Simulation result shows the properness of 5Nm small CMG to a small agile satellite system. Also, the simulation result provides some valuable information that is important to CMG hardware design and manufacturing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.7 s.106
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• pp.148-162
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of convergence which is one of the trendy issues as a new digital paradigm of Integrative thinking in 21st century, to analyze the plastic feature and internal meaning of convergence expressed in fashion design, and to grasp the cultural symbolism through this aesthetic analysis. Because there have been considerable discussions on convergence, centering on industrial product area associated with media, I will proceed my study on the basis of them. For this, the documentary study and practical case study have been executed. This study will be helpful to find a direction of future fashion design trend. Convergence in digital stage can be defined as a phenomenon which different functions of product move towards one direction for greater efficiency, and not only as a technical integration between functions of product, but also an extension of area. Convergence can be classified by their use as (1) convergence for convenient daily life (2) convergence with intelligent scientific technology (3) convergence for entertainment on the basis of sensual experience. The plasticity of convergence designs feature as a open dynamic structure which potentiate transformation and their internal meaning can be inquired such qualities as integrative multiplicity, efficiency, mobility, intelligence. Specially convergence fashion design has protection qualify resulting from wearability on body. Ultimately convergence fashion design as a future digital paradigm can be thought as both eco-friendly design and human-centered design from positive technology-based viewpoint, because it is easy to transform according to our environment, convenient to reserve, and efficient to enhance spatial usibility.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.55-58
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• 2006

There can be two definitions of modern ideal medical surroundings. One is medical services satisfied patients' with their desire and the other is places suited to remedy realized by rational operation. Particularly, in case of dental service, there is a need for an effective regard of moving lines and there are many rooms for a dental service belonged to a curer and not a curer. So a design has been developed by many concerns. flow do we proffer more familiar and comfortable places to both a curer and not a cuter. Nowadays, the design is making progress to the unprecedented and up-to-date direction. I would suggest a general plan used by a nature of an original art for this design. The design used by a nature between human beings and things is able to induce comforts and intimacies. So to speak, I would like to remove artificial design and keep up organic lines, shapes and forms of a nature like it is. This study grasps the organizational limitation of this design and the visual characteristic of organic forms used by harmonious image of a nature and a new way is applied to limited medical places, a dental service, based on the study. Also, I'm go to examine the meaning and worth of a new design and suggest the direction of it.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.602-614
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• 2016

It is necessary to develop an efficient optimization technique to perform optimum designs which have given design spaces, discrete design values and several design goals. As optimization techniques, direct search method and stochastic search method are widely used in designing of ship structures. The merit of the direct search method is to search the optimum points rapidly by considering the search direction, step size and convergence limit. And the merit of the stochastic search method is to obtain the global optimum points well by spreading points randomly entire the design spaces. In this paper, Pareto Strategy (PS) multi-objective function method is developed by considering the search direction based on Pareto optimal points, the step size, the convergence limit and the random number generation. The success points between just before and current Pareto optimal points are considered. PS method can also apply to the single objective function problems, and can consider the discrete design variables such as plate thickness, longitudinal space, web height and web space. The optimum design results are compared with existing Random Search (RS) multi-objective function method and Evolutionary Strategy (ES) multi-objective function method by performing the optimum designs of double bottom structure and double hull tanker which have discrete design values. Its superiority and effectiveness are shown by comparing the optimum results with those of RS method and ES method.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.3-12
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze City squares in Europe according to Biophilic Design elements to apply domestic Indoor Squares in Mixed-use building for relaxation. This study seeks to present a direction for designing an indoor square that uses the aspects of European city square. The following details consist the purpose of the study. First, Perspective from the Biophilic design and analyzing criteria of Europe city square. Second, European city square is analyzed to establish the criteria to be applied to indoor square. Third, based on European city square analysis, the planning direction for domestic indoor square is suggested. This result of paper proceeds as follows. First, it describes the analysis of the Indoor Squares of the domestic Mixed-use building. The results were derived of the fact that not applying the water elements and Facade greening. Second, In Europe Square, It is accounted for the highest proportion (33%) of the spaciousness. Third, Through a comparative analysis domestic indoor square was derived that the higher the need to improve the spaciousness and botanical motif. It is the ultimate goal of this study based on the analysis of the city square to set the criteria for the biophilic design of the indoor square to present the orientation of the indoor square.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.35-39
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• 2005

There can be two definitions of modern ideal medical surroundings. One is medical services satisfied patients' with their desire and the other is places suited to remedy realized by rational operation. Particularly, in case of dental service, there is a need for an effective regard of moving lines and there are many rooms for a dental service belonged to a curer and not a curer. So a design has been developed by many concerns. How do we proffer more familiar and comfortable places to both a curer and not a curer. Nowadays, the design is making progress to the unprecedented and up-to-date direction. I would suggest a general plan used by a nature of an original art for this design. The design used by a nature between human beings and things is able to induce comforts and intimacies. So to speak, I would like to remove artificial design and keep up organic lines, shapes and forms of a nature like it is. This study grasps the organizational limitation of this design and the visual characteristic of organic forms used by harmonious image of a nature and a new way is applied to limited medical places, a dental service, based on the study. Also, I'm go to examine the meaning and worth of a new design and suggest the direction of it.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.180-181
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.32-33
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• 2002