• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.248-257
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• 2012

The demand of elderly care facilities due to aging population has been increased and the trend of developed countries implies the necessity of innovate approach for elderly care in Korea. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the flexible elderly housing alternative which has been introduced showing adaptability and small scale. This elderly housing alternative was designed to fulfill the condition of residential facilities for various aging phases from the independent elderly to dependent elderly. The workshop method was used for pre-evaluation of the flexible elderly housing alternative from the viewpoint of administrators, care givers and the elderly. The pre-evaluation is to estimate the facility before finalizing the design so that it facilitates more effective and suitable plan by reducing the trial and error beforehand, unlike the post-evaluation. Major responses of plans were positive and the needs for improvement about some concerns were revealed. Thus, relevant aspects of architectural drawings were amended according to workshop participants' needs and features that require to be reflected during further planning procedures were also improved. The result of this research will develop the flexible elderly housing alternative and contribute to foster environment for the elderly as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.8
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• pp.143-155
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• 2013

The outdoor apparel market has been growing very fast recently, and consumers are spending more time doing outdoor activities for their leisure. As the outdoor apparel market is growing, it has started to combine functionality with style to provide more diverse designs and colors for all ages. The increase of interest in heathy life-styles, outdoor activities, and leisure has lead to a rise in demand for outdoor apparel. Now outdoor apparel have become a part of people's daily casual wear in addition to being worn for outdoor activities. This study is focused on a outdoor jacket design which is used as down-alternative material and the purpose of this study is to design outdoor jackets using a down-alternative fabrics that improve the thermal and lightweight effects for clothing comfort, and increase the satisfaction of wearing down-alterative outdoor jacket. The research of this paper was done by using a questionnaire survey. The survey was used to examine the male customers' outdoor activities, purchase behaviors, place, expense and design preferences. Then, down-like fabric was used to make the prototype down jacket and its design, function, and satisfaction with wearing compared with other brands down jacket products were analyzed. Although duck down fabrics are representative of outdoor jackets, they have many problems that need to be solved such as feathers falling out or its vulnerability to moisture. They have competitive prices compared to down jackets so down-alternative jackets are able to gain more proportion of its market share.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 2012

When a building is planned and designed, the design should be able to minimize the cost during the whole life cycle of the building. This study has begun to analyze LCC about the alternative design which is applicable to renewable energy facility construction. It is reviewed domestic and foreign papers about the trend of LCC technology and it is determined the analytical method to analyze the LCC of renewable energy. Regarding the review of alternatives, it is chosen the three alternatives which are able to designed combing the renewable energy facilities and it is performed the LCC analysis about each alternative. Alternative 1 is Photovoltaic + Solar Thermal + Photovoltaic /Wind Power, Alternative 2 is Geothermal + Photovoltaic, and Alternative 3 is Photovoltaic + Solar Thermal. The LCC analysis is present value method, its analytical period is 40 years and it is applied 3.2% of real discount rate. As a result, it is proved that Alternative 1 and Alternative 3 are not able to collectible the early investment cost during the analytical period and Alternative 2 is analyzed that its pay-back period of early investment cost is about 31 years. As the final outcome of this study on case analysis, it is more advantageous to use the combination of Geothermal and Photovoltaic energy than to use the other combination in LCC aspect.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.399-414
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• 1997

This paper presents an investigation into the seismic response characteristics of a proposed ligh-weight pedestrian cable-stayed bridge made entirely from Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics(GFRP). The study employs three dimensional finite element models to study and compare the dynamic characteristics and the seismic response of the GFRP bridge to a conventional Steel-Concrete (SC) cable-stayed bridge alternative. The two bridges were subjected to three synthetic earthquakes that differ in the frequency content characteristics. The performance of the GFRP bridge was compared to that of the SC bridge by normalizing the live load and the seismic internal forces with respect to the dead load internal forces. The normalized seismically induced internal forces were compared to the normalized live load internal forces for each design alternative. The study shows that the design alternatives have different dynamic characteristics. The light GFRP alternative has more flexible deck motion in the lateral direction than the heavier SC alternative. While the SC alternative has more vertical deck modes than the GFRP alternative, it has less lateral deck modes than the GFRP alternative in the studied frequency range. The GFRP towers are more flexible in the lateral direction than the SC towers. The GFRP bridge tower attracted less normalized base shear force than the SC bridge towers. However, earthquakes, with peak acceleration of only 0.1 g, and with a variety of frequency content could induce high enough seismic internal forces at the tower bases of the GFRP cable-stayed bridge to govern the structural design of such bridge. Careful seismic analysis, design, and detailing of the tower connections are required to achieve satisfactory seismic performance of GFRP long span bridges.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.218-227
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• 1998

Present study is undertaken to optimize the lubrication reliability and frictional loss of the dynamically-loaded journal bearing in hermetic reciprocating compressor with alternative refrigerant R600a application. Thermodynamic and dynamic analysis has been conducted to investigate cylinder pressure variations by substitution alternative refrigerant R600a for R12. The modeling of the dynamics of the compressor mechanism has been performed with lumped mass method. A mathematical model is developed for analyzing the dynamics of the journal bearing system with the mobility method. It takes into account the effects of the refrigerant species, aspect ratio, clearance ratio and surface roughness. A corresponding computer program is described which enables to obtain the minimum film thickness and frictional loss. Design optimization is graphically performed by parametric studies of the aspect ratio and clearance ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2011

Turnkey and alternative-design contracts was introduced operation in the country from january 2004 to February 2010. this was introduced operation. The selecting method of contractor for turnkey projects has being operated by an open forum type that consists of technical committee and appraisal committee in an integrated design approach deliberations. But to improve the operation of the problems, the government is operating design review committee consisting of the central, local and special design advisory committee in march 2010. But this system has also been suggested as still problems, too many contracts by large companies, increasing of design cost and excessive competition. This study is intended to contribute that turnkey and alternative-design contracts can be well operated in domestic construction markets. In this paper suggests some improvement methods and operational problems caused from application of an open forum type for selecting contractor of turnkey project.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.43 no.2 s.146
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• pp.197-205
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• 2006

In general, brackets found at tank boundary are design according to the Classification Society Rule. Since much man power is needed in manufacturing the brackets stiffened by flange, it is necessary to suggest alternative designs, of which flanges are removed, through the rigorous structural analysis. In this paper non-linear structural analysis for brackets with and/or without flange have been carried out to examine their structural behavior and ultimate strengths. Alternative designs for brackets are suggested based on the results of ultimate strength analysis so that the alternative brackets have the similar level of strength and stiffness to the original brackets. It has been seen that the structural safety of alternative brackets proposed in this paper are beyond the appropriate level. The primary benefit of replacing the original brackets by the alternatives is the reduction of man power in manufacturing brackets and 10 to 15% weight saving can be expected in additional. This paper ends with some comments about the extension of the present study.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2014

A randomized block design is a method to apply a treatment into the experimental unit of each block after dividing into several blocks with a binded homogeneous experimental unit. Jonckheere (1964) and Terpstra (1952), Page (1963), Hollander (1967) proposed various methods of ordered alternative in randomized block design. Especially, Page (1963) test is a weighted combination of within block rank sums for ordered alternatives. In this paper, we suggest a new nonparametric method expanding the Page test for an ordered alternative. A Monte Carlo simulation study is also adapted to compare the power of the proposed methods with previous methods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2008

The report of the Korean Board of Audit and Inspection(BAI) on May 2007 indicates the problems of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis and evaluation in the Design-Build(Turn-Key) and alternative bidding system. The point which the report indicates is that the cost estimation system for LCC analysis has nothing in common each other and there's no consistency among the repair cycle and ratio per facilities parts. For solving these problems, BAI demands the establishment of the guidelines for LCC analysis and evaluation from the competent authority Korean Ministry of Construction And Transportation(MOCT). The objective of this study is to develop the improvement directions for LCC analysis and evaluation which are suitable to the public construction projects especially for the Design-Build and alternative bidding system in Korea. For this study, the LCC related raws and regulations, LCC analysis guidelines of public cooperations, actual condition of LCC analysis and evaluation which include, the elements of LCC, the estimation rules of the initial cost and the maintenance cost, the analysis standards of time value of money, etc. are investigated to provide the improvement directions for LCC analysis and evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.63-69
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• 1999

The research trend of the simulation optimization has been focused on exploring continuous decision variables. Yet, the research in discrete decision variable area has not been fully studied. A new research trend for optimizing discrete decision variables ha just appeared recently. This study, therefore, deals with a discrete simulation method to get the system evaluation criteria required for designing a complex probabilistic discrete event system and to search the effective and reliable alternatives to satisfy the objective values of the given system through a on-line, single run with the short time period. Finding the alternative, we construct an algorithm which changes values of decision variables and a design alternative by using the stopping algorithm which ends the simulation in a steady state of system. To avoid the loss of data while analyzing the acquired design alternative in the steady state, we provide background for estimation of an auto-regressive model and mean and confidence interval for evaluating correctly the objective function obtained by small amount of output data through simulation with the short time period. In numerical experiment we applied the proposed algorithm to (s, S) inventory system problem with varying Δt value. In case of the (s, S) inventory system, we obtained good design alternative when Δt value is larger than 100.