• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.66-78
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to illuminate the location of fashion in contemporary society and to suggest a direction for fashion criticism in aesthetic$\hat{u}$cultural perspective. For this, literature researches about some of art criticism and fashion criticism theories and cultural studies related to fashion are performed. In this study, fashion criticism is defined as a linguistic analysis and interpretation about a variety of discursive networks around fashion as well as an aesthetic analysis of it. Considering this definition, an analytical framework for the contemporary fashion criticism combines Feldman's and Carney's models with Crane & Bovone's and Entwistle's sociological studies for aesthetic and cultural perspectives. At first, its aesthetic perspective shows 'Description'-'Descriptive formative features', 'Analysis'-'Locate the style' and 'Aesthetic value', 'Interpretation'- 'Interpretation of the fashion object' and 'Socio-cultural interpretation', 'Judgment'-'Critical judgment'. Then, its cultural perspective especially emphasizes 'Socio-cultural interpretation' of the 6 steps above. Socio-cultural interpretation gets tangled with the network of various cultural agents within the fashion system, producers/designers, retailers/suppliers, media/editors, consumers/spectators, and so on. In the course of the fashion system 5 analytical methods about the fashion object can be suggested and they are as follows: Analyses of texts, discourses and symbols of a fashion object, Analyses of fashion systems which produces symbolic values, Analyses of the communication of symbolic values and the disseminating processes through the media, Analyses of the attribution of symbolic values to a fashion object by consumers, and Cross-national studies of symbolic values expressed in a fashion object.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.293-300
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• 2011

The CGI(Computer-generated Image) techniques provide designers with an effective means of creating design artifacts in an automatic way. It has been pointed that two important activities while applying the CGI techniques are both image generation and managemental issues for the generated images. By applying automatic generation techniques for creation of images, designers can acquire benefits in that they can produce free style results in a simple way. Along with such benefits, it is also important for designer to identify and to establish well defined mechanisms for storing vast quantity of auto-generated CGIs. However, it is problematic to assign key-words and to classify abstract images mainly because they lack an analogy of the real world entities. This paper presents classification scheme for the abstract CGIs by applying classification and description criteria from the viewpoint of both design elements and emotional elements. Effective classification and specification can help designers build and retrieve desired images in an easy way, and make management process more simple and effective.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 2002

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercise treatment program for the older women with stress incontinence. The researcher developed 8 weeks training program which was implemented at a social welfare center in Seoul. The exercise method followed the Kegel criteria. Verbal instructions were given to the subjects. Subjects were confirmed of the exercises and evaluated by description of the exercise method. Fourteen elderly women(mean age 75.7) with stress incontinence participated and completed this program. The training sessions were held twice a week and each session took 45 minutes ; 15 minutes for pelvic floor muscle strengthening program and 30 minutes for other physical therapy. Pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercise program was applied using verbal instruction and practice at social welfare center, twice a week and daily home exercise program were given to each individual. The results were as follows ; 1. There was significant decrease of lower urinary symptoms in the subjects (p = 0.00) 2 But there was no significant change in the sexual matters (p = 0.44) and the life style (p = 0.41) In conclusion, further study with larger sample group is suggested in order to confirm the study result. Because of limited sample size, the study results were not conclusive. But the pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercise treatment program could be a safe and effective program and is suggestive for the community residing older women with stress incontinence as a geriatric physical therapy intervention.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.145-163
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• 2007

Service-Oriented Architecture is a style of information systems that enables the creation of applications that are built by combining loosely coupled and interoperable services. A service is an implementation of business functionality with proper granularity and invoked with well-defined interface. In service modeling, when the granularity of a service is finer, the reusability and flexibility of the service is lower. For solving this problem concerns with the service granularity, it is critical to identify and define coarse-grained services from the domain analysis model. In this paper, we define the process to identify services from the Use Case model elicited from domain analysis. A task tree is derived from Use Cases and their descriptions, and Use Cases are reconstructed by the composition and decomposition of the task tree. Reconstructed Use Cases are defined and specified as services. Because our method is based on the widely used UML Use Case models, it can be helpful to minimize time and cost for developing services in various platforms and domains.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.145-170
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to clarity the concept of health insensitivity using Hybrid model, which consists of three phases： theoretical, empirical, and analytic. In the theoretical phase, the definitions of health insensitivity were searched in korean dictionary and examples used in the websites because the concept of health insensitivity has never been studied before. Two dimensions of health insensitivity emerged out from this investigation were cognitive and behavioral. And then a working definition of health insensitivity was established. The sub-concepts and related factors of health insensitivity were identified through the extensive reviews of the literature focusing on two dimensions of cognitive and behavioral. In the empirical phase, in order to obtain description of health insensitivity, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with nine persons who are not related to professional health care. Grounded theory approach was applied to analyze these qualitative data. In the final analytic phase, theoretical results and empirical results were analyzed in the integrated way and a theoretical framework of health insensitivity was established. A refined definition of health insensitivity was that decreased health risk perception in cognitive dimension and conduction of the unhealthy behaviors in behavioral dimension. Sub-concepts of decreased health risk perception were optimistic bias and decreased general fear. Sub-concepts of unhealthy behavior were doing health threatening behavior and not doing desirable health behavior. The contact of health information was a causal condition of health insensitivity. Optimistic disposition, health locus of control, and avoidance coping style were intervening conditions of health insensitivity. Three types of health insensitivity were identified： unconcern or ignorance type, optimistic bias type, and cognitive dissonance type. Finally, The implications of these findings for further research and nursing practice are discussed.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.195-219
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• 2006

This study was proposed to analyze mathematical communication activity and mathematical attitudes while students were solving project problem and to consider how the conclusions effects mathematics education. This study analyzed through qualitative research method. The questions for this study are following, First, how does the process of the mathematical communication activity proceed during solving project problem in a small group? Second, what reactions can be shown on mathematical attitudes during solving project problem in a small group? Four project problems sampled from pilot study in order to examine these questions were applied on two small groups consisting of four 5th grade students. It was recorded while each group was finding out the solution of the given problems. Afterward, consequences were analyzed according to each question after all contents were noted. Consequently, conclusions can be derived as follows. First, it was shown that each student used different elements of contents in mathematical communication activity. Second, during mathematical communication activity, most students preferred common languages to mathematical ones. Third, it was found that each student has their own mathematical attitude. Fourth, Students were more interested in the game project problem and the practical using project problem than others.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2001

In this paper, we propose the design and implementation of a portable, extensible, and efficient performance visualization framework for high performance parallel program development. The framework adopts a layered architecture:consists of three independent layers instrumentation layer, trace interface layer and visualization layer. The instrumentation layer was constructed as an ECL which captures generated events, and the EDL/JPAL constitutes the trace interface layer to provide problem-oriented interfaces between visualization layer and instrumentation layer. Finally, the visualization layer was designed as plug-and-play style for easy elimination, addition and composition of various filters, views and view groups, The proposed performance visualization framework is expected to be used as an independent performance debugging and analysis tool and as a core component in an integrated parallel programming environment.

• Korean Educational Research Journal
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

The third national curriculum had the characteristics to establish guidelines in history textbooks with the basic direction to implement the charter of national Education. At that time, the object of the history education was 'the harmony with the development of the individuals and national development' which was the same that the authorized government aimed at. But the characters and the purpose were repeated without any criticism. Since the third national curriculum was presented in Korean education, the aims of education proposed the 'Korean style democracy'. Essential aims of education are more important than any political issues because academic research is not reflected on nationalism. This trend which is flowing in the education of Korea was strengthened through the education authorities in the statements of 'Deployment of the Governing' or 'guidelines': Especially, the idea and the history education. Despite the curriculum has been amended several times, these problems are not to be gotten rid of. The recently revised curriculum guidelines for history textbook description should improve and find the way to develope the history thinking of students.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.59-71
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic historical characteristics and its modern trend of Torajan traditional housing architecture in Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The Toraja culture belongs to the cosmological culture with Cosmos centric characteristics. A traditional house, being called 'tongkonan' in Toraja region, is more than just a structure, representing the symbol of family identity and tradition. The Torajan architecture is a combination of the myth and cosmos, also regional conditions. With a short description of the general conditions and spiritual values of the Toraja, this paper explains the space-composition, the stylistic characteristics, the ornamental elements, construction, and its modern trend, etc. In general, it is raised on stilts several metres high, with a dramatically boat-shaped roof. Village layout varies according to size. The houses are arranged in a row, side by side, with their front gables facing north. Each house stands opposite its own rice-barn. The houses with their oblong ground-plans, built on piles set on stones. The interior is divided into three or four rooms, having few window. The houses are embellished with carving and paintings, and the facades display engraved and painted geometric and figural designs. The most frequent motif is the buffalo head, ranging from the realistic to the highly stylized. The Torajan traditional housing have experienced radical changes during the Modern period. In spite of the popularity of new modern house-styles, the traditional architectural style is often now constructed as an icon of Toraja identity. This paper will be helpful for understanding regional diversity of the traditional housing in Southeast Asia.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.3-11
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• 2007

We study, in this paper, on the decorative design of the Treasure-architectural form for the Silla Buddhist reliquary and this research went through the observation on the Buddhist Reliquaries of the Song-Lim-Sa, the Eastern-Western three floor pagodas in the Kam-Eun-Sa, the three floor pagodas in the Bul-Guk-Sa and the reportedly discovered Nam-Won. The Buddhist reliquaries of these 5 Reliquaries, when compared with those of China and Japan in the same period, they worshiped the Buddhist reliquary as a Buddhist God itself and put them as a part of the architectural decoration, being installed in the construction forms. In the form and the composition of the architecture, we can see those having been designed with very detailed and brightly decorated form. The Buddhist reliquaries in the Song-Lim-Sa and Kam-Eun-Sa, the most important ones in this research, were in a royal palace shape having completely the altar part, interior space part, and the ceiling part, which inform us the whole structure of the architecture in details. In particular, for the case of Kam-Eun-Sa, the columns in the shape of bamboo trees, the expression of the gates, the terrace of double parts formed of word-shape Man, and the statue of a general with superhuman ability in the shrine explain us the description of the Gyun-Bo-Tap-Pum of Lotus Sutra. After all these researches, we conclude that the Buddhist reliquaries in form of the Treasure-architecture represented the architectural style of the same period as a form of industrial arts and we can see that they tried to use all of their highly skilled and talented methods to describe the Buddhist Pure Land.