• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2010

Nevus of Ota is a hamartoma of dermal melanocytes. Clinically, Nevus of Ota is manifested as blue or gray patch on the face; such condition is congenital or acquired and is within the distribution of branches of the trigeminal nerve. The nevus can be unilateral or bilateral. In addition to skin, it may involve ocular and oral mucosal surfaces. The case of an 18-year old female with unilateral bluish black macule on the right side of the face since birth is presented. She also had a bluish patch on the right shoulder at birth, which disappeared when she turned 10 years. The pathogenesis of Nevus is unknown, and effective treatment has been realized with pigment-specific lasers.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.113-117
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• 2003

모낭은 복잡한 상호작용을 통하여 성장 및 주기가 조절되며 다양한 세포들로 구성진 기관이다. 본 연구에서는 조직공학적 방법을 이용하여 모낭을 구성하는 세포들을 분리 및 배양하였고 세포들의 형태와 증식양상을 관찰할 수 있었고, 기관배양의 방법을 통하여 in vitro에서 첨가물에 대한 모발의 성장 및 주기의 변화를 살펴보았다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.725-732
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• 2011

Purpose: Skin grafting is one of the most commonly used methods in reconstructive plastic surgery field, but complications such as color change, contracture or hypertrophy are common problems. However, pathophysiology of the color change after skin graft is not yet determined and no animal model is established. Methods: Full thickness skin grafts were performed on the dorsum of C57BL/6 mice. Serial chronological gross inspection for color change and pigmentation were examined. Melanin pigments were traced by Fontana-Masson staining and semi-quantitative analysis was performed. In addition, immunohistochemical staining of S-100, Micropthalmia related Transcription Factor (MITF) and Melan-A antibodies were also performed to observe melanocytes and their changes. Results: After skin graft, color change and pigment spots were observed in the graft. Fontana-Masson staining showed melanin pigments in the epidermal and dermal layers in all mice. Immunohistochemistry staining to S-100, MITF, Melan-A antibodies showed melanocytes at the basal layer of epidermis and dermis. Conclusion: In conclusion, we have established an animal model for skin pigmentation after skin graft. We believe this study may be useful in understanding of the behavior of melanocytes after skin graft.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2021

As the largest organ in our body, the skin acts as a barrier against external stress and damages. There are various cell types of skin, such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, and skin stem cells. Korean ginseng, which is one of the biggest distributions of ginseng worldwide, is processed into different products, such as functional food, cosmetics, and medical supplies. This review aims to introduce the functional role of Korean ginseng on different dermal cell types, including the impact of Korean ginseng in anti-photodamaging, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-melanogenic, and wound healing activities, etc. We propose that this information could form the basis of future research of ginseng-derived components in skin health.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.506-512
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• 2012

Although pruritus is the critical symptom of atopic dermatitis that profoundly affect the patients' quality of life, controlling and management of prurirtus still remains as unmet needs mainly due to the distinctive multifactorial pathogenesis of pruritus in atopic dermatitis. Based on the distinct feature of atopic dermatitis that psychological state of patients substantially influence on the intensity of pruritus, various psychotropic drugs have been used in clinic to relieve pruritus of atopic dermatitis patients. Only several psychotropic drugs were reported to show real antipruritic effects in atopic dermatitis patients including naltrexone, doxepin, trimipramine, bupropion, tandospirone, paroxetine and fluvoxamine. However, the precise mechanisms of antipruritic effect of these psychotropic drugs are still unclear. In human skin, serotonin receptors and serotonin transporter protein are expressed on skin cells such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, dermal fibroblasts, mast cells, T cells, natural killer cells, langerhans cells, and sensory nerve endings. It is noteworthy that serotonergic drugs, as well as serotonin itself, showed immune-modulating effect. Fenfluramine, fluoxetine and 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine significantly decreased lymphocyte proliferation. It is still questionable whether these serotonergic drugs exert the immunosuppressive effects via serotonin receptor or serotonin transporter. All these clinical and experimental reports suggest the possibility that antipruritic effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in atopic dermatitis patients might be at least partly due to their suppressive effect on T cells. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the precise mechanism of neuroimmunological interaction in pruritus of atopic dermatitis.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.604-614
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• 2020

Chronological aging and photoaging affect appearance, causing wrinkles, pigmentation, texture changes, and loss of elasticity in the skin. Phragmites communis is a tall perennial herb used for its high nutritional value and for medicinal purposes, such as relief from fever and vomiting and facilitation of diuresis. In this study, we investigated the effects of ethanol extract of P. communis rhizome (PCE) on skin aging. The total flavonoid and total phenolic content in PCE were 2.92 ± 0.007 ㎍ of quercetin equivalents (QE) and 231.8 ± 0.001 ㎍ of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per 100 mg of dried extract (n = 3). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of PCE for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities were 0.96 and 0.97 mg/mL, respectively. PCE showed inhibitory effects on tyrosinase when L-tyrosine (IC50 = 1.25 mg/mL) and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (IC50 = 0.92 mg/mL) were used as substrates. PCE treatment up to 200 ㎍/mL for 24 h did not cause any significant cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanocytes, human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and HaCaT keratinocytes. In B16F10 melanocytes, PCE (25 and 50 ㎍ /mL) inhibited melanin production and cellular tyrosinase activity after challenge with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH; p < 0.05). In HDFs, PCE suppressed the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and reduced the activity of elastase (p < 0.05). In addition, ultraviolet B (UVB)-mediated downregulation of hyaluronic acid synthase-2 gene expression in HaCaT keratinocytes was also effectively suppressed by PCE treatment. Overall, our results showed that PCE has potential anti-skin aging activity associated with the suppression of hyperpigmentation, wrinkle formation, and reduction in dryness. PCE is a promising candidate for the development of an anti-skin aging cosmetic ingredient.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 Dendrobium speciosum 에탄올추출물의 티로시나아제 억제를 통한 멜라닌형성 저해 효과 및 주름개선효과에 대해 연구하였다. Dendrobium speciosum추출물은 α-MSH만 처리한 군에 비해 티로시나아제 활성을 농도 의존적으로 저해시킴으로서 멜라닌 함량을 감소시켰다. 더 자세한 메카니즘을 알아보기 위하여 멜라닌 합성 관련 유전자인 Tyrosinase-related protein-1, tyrosinase-related protein-2, Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor 발현을 확인하였을 때 Dendrobium speciosum처리군에서 유전자 발현이 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 또한 Dendrobium speciosum처리 시 type I procollagen 합성이 증가함으로써 Dendrobium speciosum처리가 collagen 생합성을 증대시킬 것으로 사료된다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 Dendrobium speciosum에탄올 추출물 처리 시 멜라닌합성 관련 유전자의 발현 및 티로시나아제 활성을 저해시켜 멜라닌 합성이 감소됨에 따라 효과적인 미백활성을 가지며 collagen합성을 증대시킴으로서 주름개선에 탁월한 효과를 가지는 것으로 사료되며 이는 기능성 화장품 소재로 사용가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.539-544
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• 2020

Skin aging appears to be the result of overlapping intrinsic (including genetic and hormonal factors) and extrinsic (external environment including chronic light exposure, chemicals, and toxins) processes. These factors cause decreases in the synthesis of collagen type I and elastin in fibroblasts and increases in the melanin in melanocytes. Collagen Type I is the most abundant type of collagen and is a major structural protein in human body tissues. In previous studies, many products containing collagen derived from land and marine animals as well as other sources have been used for a wide range of purposes in cosmetics and food. However, to our knowledge, the effects of human collagen-derived peptides on improvements in skin condition have not been investigated. Here we isolate and identify the domain of a human COL1A2-derived protein which promotes fibroblast cell proliferation and collagen type I synthesis. This human COL 1A2-derived peptide enhances wound healing and elastin production. Finally, the human collagen alpha-2 type I-derived peptide (SMM) ameliorates collagen type I synthesis, cell proliferation, cell migration, and elastin synthesis, supporting a significant anti-wrinkle effect. Collectively, these results demonstrate that human collagen alpha-2 type I-derived peptides is practically accessible in both cosmetics and food, with the goal of improving skin condition.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2016

Background : The white jelly mushroom (Tremella fuciformis), one of the most popular edible fungi, has medicinal properties. However, the effects of T. fuciformis in skin whitening or anti-wrinkle efficacy has not been defined to date. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of T. fuciformis extracts on whitening and anti-wrinkle efficacy in skin cells. Methods and Results :We prepared T. fuciformis extracts with water. The extracts ($80^{\circ}C$) contained 12.11 mg/g polyphenol and 8.54 mg/g flavonoid concentration. T. fuciformis extracts markedly decreased melanin contents and tyrosinase activity in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated melanocytes (B16F10 cells). In addition, the mRNA expression of melanin formation factors, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) were significantly down-regulated in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated melanocyte. Furthermore, T. fuciformis extracts increased the synthesis of type I procollagen and reduced mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) in the human dermal fibroblast (HDFn cells). These data indicated that T. fuciformis extracts induce repression of cellular melanogenesis and protect against wrinkles caused by UVB-stimulated damage. Conclusions : Thus T. fuciformis extracts could be a cosmetic candidate for skin whitening and anti-wrinkle effects.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2008

한국고유종이자 멸종위기종인 묵납자루, Acheilognathus signifer의 종보존을 위한 인공발생 및 사육이 진행되는 동안 눈과 피부 전반에 걸쳐 색소의 발현이 결핍된 oculocutaneous albinism 개체가 출현하였다. 정상과 알비노간의 형태적 차이 여부를 알아보기 위해 등 피부와 안구의 맥락막-망막 조직을 적출하여 조직학적 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 일반적인 형태는 서로 차이가 없었으나 멜라닌색소의 발현에서 현저한 차이를 보였다. 정상 묵납자루는 등 피부의 표피와 진피, 맥락막-망막색소상피층 및 홍채에 많은 수의 멜라닌세포와 흑색소포가 존재한 반면, 알비노의 등 피부에서는 색소가 거의 존재하지 않았고 맥락막-망막색소상피층과 홍채에서는 매우 제한된 분포를 보였다.