• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.39-47
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• 2022

This study explored the effectiveness of the measures taken by the Jordanian Central Bank embedded in its monetary policy in encouraging banks to support investment. It aimed to explore the impact of this monetary policy on supporting credit-related decisions and the monetary policies that aim to support investment in Jordan. The targeted tools of the monetary policy are: (Overnight Deposit Window Rate, money supply, and exports). The researchers carried out an analysis to measure the effectiveness of the monetary policy in fostering investment in Jordan during the period 1992-2020. They carried out the time series analysis. They explored the stationarity of the time series. They used the ARDL model. It was found that the Overnight Deposit Window Rate has a negative significant effect on the gross fixed capital formation. It was found that the money supply has a positive insignificant effect on gross fixed capital formation. The researcher recommends using Overnight Deposit Window Rate in a manner that is consistent with the intended investment-related goals.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-119
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• 1992

This paper purports to analyze the economic rationale of compensating balance requirements and its impact on money supply. This practice has recently been severely criticized for artificially increasing the money supply and, therefore, limiting the nation's aggregate lending policy under the tight constraint of the given money supply target. A review of the existing literature implies that compensating balance requirements is a banking practice which leads to corrections in the distortion of financial resource allocation due to the imperfection of financial market stemming from asymmetric information and/or financial regulations on deposit and lending rates. Therefore, the economic rationale of this practice is deemed to improve the efficiency of financial resource allocation. On the other hand, the macroeconomic impact of compensating balance requirements on the money supply depends on the impact on the money multiplier, which in turn depends on the desired ratio of deposit that people wish to maintain on the money borrowed from the banking system, and on the desired reserve ratio that the banking system would like to hold for deposit withdrawal. If the compensating balance requirements could increase the desired ratio of deposit to borrowing (bank lending), it will increase the available amount of total reserve within the banking system and, in turn, the money multiplier. However, this channel has not been fully analyzed in the literature, and the direction of the effect is ambiguous. If the practice could reduce the turn-over rate of deposit and, thereby, reduce the desired reserve ratio of the banking system, then it will also increase the money multiplier. While this channel operates unambiguously toward increasing the money multiplier, this effect will be limited by the extent that the banking system holds the excess reserve over the required reserve because the excess reserve will set the maximum amount for the desired reserve to fall. This paper tries to determine the effect on the money supply by empirically estimating the multiplier and the desired ratio of deposit to lending equations as functions of the ratio of compensating balance to the related lending, which is not observable and is estimated for the regression purpose. The results suggest that the effect of compensating balance requirements on the money supply in Korea does not exist or is very tenuous even if it could operate. Therefore, this paper concludes that the well publicized policy of cross cancelling the compensating balance and the related lending will not be effective at controlling the money supply and increasing the amount of loans without expanding the money supply.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2015

In this paper, Residential roof top photovoltaic system with 9.9 kW design is proposed. The system composed of 200 Watts solar array 33 panels connecting in series 10 strings and parallels 3 strings which have maximum voltage and current are 350 V and 23.8 A. The 10 kW sinusoidal grid-connected inverter with window voltage about 270-350 is selected to convert and transfer DC Power to AC Power at PCC (Point of Common Coupling) of power system following to utility standard. However the impact of fluctuation and uncertainty of weather condition of PV may decrease the voltage stability and voltage collapse of power system. In order to solve this problem the energy storage such 120 V 1200 Ah battery bank and 30 kVAR capacitor are designed for voltage stability control. The other expensed for installing the system such battery charger, cable, accessories and maintenance cost are concerned. The economic analysis by using investment from money loan with interest about 7% and use own money which loss income of deposit about 3% are calculated as 671,844 and 547,044 for PV system with energy storage and non energy storage respectively. The solar energy from PV is about 101,616 Bath per year which evaluated by using the value of $5kWh/m^2/day$ from average peak sun hour (PSH) of the Thailand and 6.96 Bath/kWh of Feed in Tariff Incentive. The payback periods of four scenarios are proposed follow as i) PV system with energy storage and use loan money is 15 years ii) PV system with no energy storage and use loan money is 10 years iii) PV system with energy storage and use deposit money is 9 years iv) PV system with energy storage and use deposit money is 7 years. In addition, the other scenarios of economic analysis such no FIT support and other type of economic analysis such NPV and IRR are proposed in this paper.

• 사회경제평론
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.71-104
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to reveal the significance of regional loan-to-deposit ratio and local banks through Post-Keynesian endogenous monetary theory. According to endogenous monetary theory, banks, rather than financial intermediaries, are credit creation agencies that create deposit money through loans. On the other hand, according to the existing view which interprets bank as a financial intermediary, it is seen that the higher the loan-to-deposit ratio of the deposit bank in a region, the more active the lending activity based on the deposit inflow. However, according to the endogenous monetary theory, the loan-to-deposit rate is reinterpreted as an indicator of regional balance. Especially, relatively high lending-to-deposit rate of a region is interpreted as follows: money circulation in the region is shrinking due to the outflow of deposits created through loans in the region. In addition, when considering the local based financial practices of local banks, their ability to create credit, and their impact on the real economy, it is necessary to positively review the local bank restructuring policy from the perspective of balanced regional development.

• 사회경제평론
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• no.38
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• pp.199-240
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• 2012

According to the Post Keynesian endogenous money theory, money is created by the bank deposit which is dependent on the banks' supply of loan. And the demand for loans is dependent on investment by firms. In the money creating process, real value(or investment) and money are connected with banks' credit. In this paper, we investigated Keynes and Post Keynesian endogenous money theory with critical reviews of Hwang (2005). We came to three conclusions. First, Post Keynesian endogenous money theory is based on Keynes' theory. Second, Keynes' endogeneity of money is essentially different from that of Wicksellian. Third, focusing on the differences of the starting point of the arguments not on the conclusions, two Post Keynesian views, namely horizontalists and structuralists are compatible with liquidity preference theory in the Keynes' system.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.245-253
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find the factors affecting the location of a Starbucks coffee shop by using multiple regression analysis. This study is based on location theory and the data for this analysis was collected from 522 retail real estate leases in Seoul. The results of the study are as follows. First, the most important factors affecting the location of a Starbucks coffee shop are monthly rent, deposit money, and goodwill value. Second, the number of firms & employees, local economic base, location characteristics, goodwill value, the deposit money, and monthly rents affect on the location of a Starbucks coffee shop in Seoul. Third, the result shows that deposit money, monthly rents, goodwill value, and numbers of business firms are important in the process of selecting the coffee shop location.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2014

This study investigates extensively the integration of various segments of financial markets (i.e. money market, lending and deposit market, exchange rate market, and capital market) both domestically and internationally. Cointegration approach is employed in the study to find out long term relationship among the variables. Data are on a monthly interval for the period spreads over 2001 to 2010. The results show no evidence of cointegration between money market and exchange rate market and between capital market and exchange rate market of Pakistan. On the other hand, international financial markets integration is also investigated and the findings revealed that domestic money market rates of Pakistan and USA are not cointegrated. Whereas, an evidence of cointegration between capital markets of Pakistan and USA is found in this study.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2009

Electronic methods are already used in money transfer and credit cards transactions and electronic money and checks, which can substitute cash and coins, are being discussed. Recently, the Acts of Electronic Draft have been enacted, in order to make the money in the market flow efficiently. Also electronic bill of lading has been adopted for the practical use of international shipments. However, despite of the effort from the academia and practice, investments to stocks, especially in the stock exchange, is not quite perfectly electronic. Japan enacted a relevant act in 2004 which make its stock market totally dematerialized. This writing summarizes some issues in interpretation that arise in the course of operation of the Stock Electronic Registration System at the present time of 6 months after it came into effect and its purpose, by doing so, is to prevent in advance the kind of problems in introducing the similar system to Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.135-144
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• 2012

The Preferred Right that recognized in Housing Lease Protection Act Article 8 Paragraph 1 is a legal security right. The case of a small tenant whose security deposit is less than a specific sum of money to lease housing, he can get preferential payment about his a specific sum of money of security deposit in an auction procedure. Like this the Preferred Right can protect the homeless commoner also it ignores the existing legal system. But the Preferred Right has the right function that contribute to stability of homeless people's housing, on the other hand, it has the adverse function that damages to several interested parties in an auction procedure by using legal preferential protection. So, about these problems, the improvement way will propose in this study.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.457-470
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• 2021

The banking system provides a number of important functions for the economy and is also the lifeblood and financier of the economy in each country. Large amounts of idle money have not been exploited by banks; however, banks still depend on loans, including loans from foreign banks, to meet the growing demand, as such, for banks, the cost of capital is high, the stability and business efficiency are low and banks have not promoted their internal resources to grow steadily. To achieve the goal, this research analyzes the factors affecting the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers in Vietnam. The study used a sample data of 250 individuals and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that customer policy has a positive effect on customers' deposit decisions in a bank, and this is new evidence regarding behavioral theory in the case of Vietnam. Results further demonstrated that other factors such as employee image, brand, interest rate, relative influencing, and transaction time positively impact the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers. However, the bank's promotion strategies had no impact on the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers. Besides, employee image is the most influential factor in the deposit decisions, followed by the bank's brand and interest rate.